Professional Documents
Culture Documents
AppliedEconomics Q3 Mod3 Market Demand Market Supply and Market Equilibrium
AppliedEconomics Q3 Mod3 Market Demand Market Supply and Market Equilibrium
Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Market Demand, Supply and
Equilibrium
Applied Economics – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Market Demand, Market Supply and Market Equilibrium
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein
the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office
may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been
exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners.
The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Team Leaders:
School Head : Felisa C. Bravo
LRMDS Coordinator : Milyn B. Alcaide
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
1
What I Need to Know
This module was designed to help you analyze and propose solution/s to the
economic problems using the principles of applied economics.
What I Know
From the word/words given below, choose what is being described in the sentence.
2
10. It is a graphical representation showing the relationship of
price and demand.
11. It is a graphical representation showing the relationship of
price and supply.
12. A table that shows the quantity demanded for a product at a
given price.
13. One of the factors for a change in supply other than price.
14. A table that shows the quantity supplied in unit at a given
price.
15. It is an assumption that all other things are the same.
Lesson
1 Market Demand
What’s New
WISH LIST
Let us check the products/services that is previously and currently in your wish
list. Categorize the products/services into different levels. Below is how you can
categorize the product/service:
Level 1: I already have it. (for those products/services that you already have
but is in your wish list before)
Level 2: Ready to buy it. (for those products/services in your wish list that
you are planning to buy within this year.)
Level 3: I want it, but I can’t afford it now. (for those products/services in
your wish list that you are planning to buy but not within this year)
Level 4: I want it, but how? (for those products/services in your wish list
that you don’t know where to buy it or of it is available in the market)
3
What is It
4
Figure 1: Demand Curve
145
140
135
Price
130
125
120
115
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Quantity Demanded
5
Figure 2: Change in Demand
145
140
135
120
115
110
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Quantity Demanded
Figure 2 shows the graphical representation of the demand schedule in Table
2. It shows the change in demand for chicken because of the African swine flu which
made the consumer to choose chicken meat compared to pork.
The change in demand is not always positive sometimes it falls. The change in
demand may be affected by several factors such as:
Taste and preferences
Income
Seasonal products
Population change
Prices of related good (substitute/complementary goods)
Expected future prices, income and credit
Analyzing Supply
The supply can be analyzed using:
A. Supply Schedule - table that shows the prices of a good and the quantity
supplied at each price at a given point of time
B. Supply Curve - a graphical representation that shows the relationship
between the price of a good and the quantity supplied at a given point of time.
For instance, an online seller of chicken dishes has following supply schedule
that shows how many packs of chicken dishes he prepares at a different price.
6
Table 3: Hypothetical Supply Schedule
80
60
40
20
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Quantity Supplied
7
Figure 4: Change in Supply
160
140
120
100
Price
80
60
40
20
0
15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Quantity Supplied
S S'
Figure 4 shows the blue line which is the same as supply curve shown in
Figure 3 and the orange line which shows the changes in supply curve. The entire
supply curve shifts to the left. It means that at the same price the quantity of goods
supplied by the producer decreases not because of the decrease in price but
because of the increase in the number of sellers.
Technology
Cost of production
Number of sellers
Government policies (Taxes and subsidies)
State of nature (weather)
Prices of related goods produced
Future expectations (possible increase in price)
8
Market Equilibrium
As stated in the law and supply and demand, market equilibrium happens
when there is an equal demand and supply causing the price to remain the same.
When the supply is greater than the demand it causes the price to decrease but when
the demand is greater than the supply the price increases.
45
40 Figure 5: Market Equilibrium
35
30
25
Price
Equilibrium point
20
15
10
5
0
100 120 130 140 150 160 170
Quantity
When the quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded there will be
surplus. On the other hand, shortage is when the quantity demanded is greater than
quantity supplied.
To protect the seller or the buyer when there is market disequilibrium the
government sets the minimum price (floor price) or maximum price (ceiling price) for
some goods, this is what we called price control.
9
What’s More
Analyze the demand and supply curves and answer the questions that follows.
DEMAND CURVE
250 A
B
200 C
D
150
PRICE
E F G H I
100 J
50
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
QUANTITY DEMANDED
SUPPLY CURVE
250 I
H
200 G
F
150 E
PRICE
D
100 C
B
A
50
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
QUANTITY SUPPLIED
10
6. How many units does the producer wants to sell
at a price of 150.00?
7. From point A to D, quantity demanded
increases by how many units?
8. How much is the increase in price from point D
to point G?
9. What happened to the quantity supplied when
the price decreases?
10. Considering the supply and the demand curve,
at what price does the number of units demanded by the consumer is
the same with the number of units produced by the supplier?
Complete the paragraph by filling in the blanks based on what you have learned from
the lesson. Choose your answer from the words below.
INCREASES PRICE SCHEDULE TECHNOLOGY LESSER PREFERENCES
SUBSTITUTE PRODUCT CURVE WEATHER GOVERNMENT POLICY
SEASONAL PRODUCTS SURPLUS SHORTAGE
I learned additional lessons in Applied Economics. This week I learned about the
law of supply which states that when the increases the
quantity of products that the producer is willing to sell and
the law of demand which states that the higher the the
the demand.
To be able to analyze the demand and supply I can use the demand and supply
and the demand and supply ,a
graphical representation of the relationship of price and quantity.
I also understand that aside from price, there are other factors that may affect the
supply some of these are , ,
and . There are also factors that may affect demand like
, , and
.
I can say that it is better if there is market equilibrium which means that the
quantity supplied and the quantity demanded is the same at a given
. Market disequilibrium may also result to
or .
11
What I Can Do
LABAN o BAWI
In the given situation below, analyze what will happen to the demand, supply or
price, whether it increase or decrease. Write the word LABAN for increase and BAWI
for decrease. If there is no change do not write anything on the space provided.
12
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
(047) 237-2102