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Yes, climate change can and has altered the risk of certain types of extreme weather events. I
received a completed paper in two days and submitted it to my tutor on time. This is why a political
operative hired by fossil fuel interests to undermine climate policy focused on attacking the
consensus, arguing “ If we win the science argument, it’s game, set, and match.”. This causes the
climate in America, South America and Australasia to change dramatically. It is an analogy to the
trapping of heat by the glass panes of a greenhouse, which let sunlight in. Note: You must make a
comment to enable your classmate to see your feedback. Conclusion Overall in this project I have
found out loads of amazing facts, I have taken a great experience from it. In 1890, Svante
Arrhenius, a Swedish chemist, calculated the effect of increasing fossil fuel use on global
temperature. These observations indicate that the Earth-atmosphere climate system has continued to
gain heat energy. To use a medical analogy, just because your doctor cannot tell you the precise date
and time that you will have a heart attack does not mean you should ignore medical advice to reduce
your risk by taking preventative measures like exercising more, losing weight, and changing your
diet. We analysed the same papers as Oreskes and similarly found zero rejections in the papers
matching her search parameters. Throughout your academic career, you will usually be asked to write
an essay. Essentially, today’s built infrastructure has been developed based on the assumption that
future climate will be like that of the past. C by WMO) in both explana- tions the temperature
difference of 33. And they knew that, since the Industrial Revolution, humans were producing
increasing amounts of these gases. Light from the sun is directed on to the land, which is covered in
ice and snow, therefore about 70 to 80 percent of the sun's rays are reflected back into space creating
a colder atmosphere. Thus it is not surprising that recent reports from the U.S. National Academy of
Sciences, including America’s Climate Choices 22 and America’s Energy Future, 23 have concluded
that the environmental, economic, and humanitarian risks posed by climate change indicate a
pressing need for substantial action to limit the magnitude of climate change and to prepare to adapt
to its impacts. Climate Change. The Greenhouse Effect: Scientists are sure about the greenhouse
effect. Today, the world’s oceans absorb more than 90% of the heat trapped by increasing levels of
carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere due to human activities. Climate
Change Words climate change short essay Pages Climate Change Around the World Did you know
that Climate change is affecting people all around the world. However, a regulatory framework is
needed to support sustainable and resilient sludge management, incorporating a broader scope for
risk assessment and strict sludge quality control. Of the global rise in sea level observed over the last
35 years, about 40% is due to this warming of the water. However, the climate system is complex and
experimenting without complete understanding could result in unintended and potentially dangerous
side effects on our health, ecosystems, agricultural yields, and even the climate itself. Climate
Change Considerations on Decision Making While making decisions, it is also vital to consider the
effect the climatic changes would have. The black curve always characterize the climate of a location
or region for the n th climate period (usually 30 years) at the hand of a frequency distri- bution of an
observed quantity of the corresponding weather events (simply illustrated some green dots) assumed
to be a normall y distributed random variable. First, temperature records from about 1940 to 1970
showed a slight global cooling trend, intensified by temporary increases in snow and ice cover across
the Northern Hemisphere. Obviously, this argument plays no role if the planet Venus is considered
that rotates by a factor of four slower than the Moon. Satellite measurements indicate that the
Greenland Ice Sheet is presently thinning at the edges (especially in the south) and slowly thickening
in the interior, increasing the steepness of the ice sheet, which causes the ice to flow toward the
ocean. Moon’s disk temperature at 2.77 cm wavelength versus moon phase angle. In the meantime,
there are significant concerns about ecological and other side effects of some of these technologies.
For over two decades, attacking the scientific consensus has been a central part of the movement to
prevent meaningful climate action. It requires the solar declination angle that is related to. For
example, the poor, the very young, and some older people have less mobility and fewer resources to
cope with extremely high temperatures, increased water scarcity, environmental degradation, and
other impacts. The primacy effect states that first impressions can create a lasting perception of a
particular phenomenon. In this briefing note, we explore how water-related legislation can be
improved to ensure that IAS can continue to be part of the available solutions for sustainable waste
water management. When the press. called Simard in Paris to ask if it was his picture and. As
temperature increases and precipitation patterns shift in response to human-induced climate change,
scientists expect the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica to continue responding in a similar way.
First, basic physics dictates that increasing the concentration of CO 2 and other heat-trapping gases
in the atmosphere will cause the climate to warm. In the last decades the population grown quickly,
so those people consume more natural resources. You may work on an assigned essay for class, enter
an essay. Such an argument also indi- cates that the discipline of climatology has lost its ra- tional
basis. There are, nevertheless, limits to these improvements. White arrows indicate increases, and
black arrows show decreases. An argumentative essay should not be a unilateral rant. Even Kepler’s
three laws are based on accurate astro- nomical and planetary observations performed by Tycho
Brahe, these laws only characterize the Earth’s elliptical orbit around the Sun in an ideal manner. It is
coming to a time that everyone needs to understand the changes in climate, where every profession
would need a requirement of expertise in predicting the future. It shows that as more carbon dioxide
is released into the environment, the global average temperature is rising and also the sea level. I.
They disp roved these explanations at the hand of fundamental phy sical principles like the second
law of thermodynamics. After about two weeks, the effects of small errors in defining these initial
conditions grow so large that meteorologists can no longer discern what the weather will be like on
any specific day or place. Its effects upon the earth and the question of whether or not humans are
having an impact upon climate change. But never before have such rapid, global-scale changes
occurred during the history of human civilization. For example, the risks associated with wildfires in
the western U.S. are increasing, and coastal inundation is becoming a common occurrence in low-
lying areas. A number of different research teams have taken up this challenge. Climate change is a
very bad thing that has been going on for hundreds of years. In 1890, Svante Arrhenius, a Swedish
chemist, calculated the effect of increasing fossil fuel use on global temperature. For example, as the
Arctic warms, carbon trapped in permafrost may be released into the atmosphere, increasing the
initial warming due to human emissions of heat-trapping gases (see FAQ T ). Global surface
temperatures are measured by weather stations over land and by ships and buoys over the ocean.
Although the style of presenting an argumentative position is not set in stone and there is no
definitive way to illustrate how to write an argumentative essay, it generally follows a generic format
which enables it to maintain flow as the argument is explored. The earth is heating itself up and there
is little that humans can do about it. It is possible that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, which contains
enough ice to raise global sea levels by 10 feet, could begin to lose ice much more quickly if ice
shelves in the region begin to disintegrate at the edges.
Cold periods often getter colder as increased snowfall reflects more and more solar energy back to
space. Open the peer review assignment by going to the 4.4 Assignment: Argument Research Essay
Rough Draft and click on the name of one of the assigned peers whose work you will review. A
slowdown of the Conveyor Belt would increase regional sea level rise along the east coast of the
United States and change patterns of temperature in Europe and rainfall in Africa and the Americas,
but would not lead to global cooling. Trends of the annual temperature anomaly for the Northern
Hemisphere (NH, sour ce: Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, MetOffice, UK) and
the annual car- bon dioxide concentration at Mauna Loa, Hawaii (source: Mauna Loa Observatory,
Nation al Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA), with respect to the Climate Normal
1961-1990. Writers should take feedback positively and should try to keep their argumentative skills
as dynamic, lucid and adaptive as possible. Thus, numerous analyses have called for policies that
establish coherent national and international goals and incentives, and that promote strong U.S.
engagement in international-level response efforts. Sail Bhattacharya. Home Page Research Essay on
Climate Change. If emissions continue to,.-, rise at or near current rates, temperature increases are
more likely to be near the upper end of the range. In addition, ecosystems that we rely on for our
food and water are adapted to the cooler climate that our planet has experienced over recent
centuries. It has been discussed, analyzed and debated by scientists from many different fields of
research. In turn, many parts of the planet have seen increases in heavy rainfall events. American
Imperialism President Wilson Declaration of War Discussion. A longer ice-free period on lakes and
rivers, lengthening of the growing season, and increased water vapor in the atmosphere have also
been observed. Referrals to past events must also be linked to the present so that the relevant
counter- arguments can be addressed. Sunlight enters the Earth's atmosphere, passing through the
blanket of greenhouse gases. It is clear that these ice sheets are already losing mass as a result of
human-induced climate change, and the evidence suggests that Greenland and Antarctica are likely
to continue to lose ice mass for centuries. Pteropods, or “sea butterflies,” are sea creatures about the
size of a small pea. The former is based on an energy-flux budget at the surface even though it is
physically inconsistent be- cause a uniform temperature for the entire globe does not exist. Your
instructor will review your recommendation and assign a grade based on how well you met the
criteria described above. White arrows indicate increases, and black arrows show decreases. Global
climate change is a grave problem that might call for to be solvent by the governments and
companies that produce pollution. This is ensuring that it will make economic sense if they decide to
start a business where they are likely to face challenges related to climatic change (Fourcade, Ollion
and Algan, 2015) The current estimates have it that climate change has a limited impact on the
welfare of human beings as well as the economy. How long have scientists been investigating human
influences on climate? This assignment requires you to use all of the skills you have been developing
to analyze multiple texts, develop and support an argument, follow a process for writing, and use
and cite sources properly. Climate models are based on mathematical and physical equations
representing the fundamental laws of nature and the many processes that affect the Earth’s climate
system. Not taking those actions has much greater costs. 19. The black curve always characterize the
climate of a location or region for the n th climate period (usually 30 years) at the hand of a
frequency distri- bution of an observed quantity of the corresponding weather events (simply
illustrated some green dots) assumed to be a normall y distributed random variable. Are there
advantages to acting sooner rather than later? Question 1. Calculate the frequency and percentage for
gender and ethnicity. Question 2. Calculate the mean, standard devi. Publisher: Emerald Publishing
Download Link: Download Climate Change Adaptation Partners JavaScript is currently disabled.
Given that new scientific understanding emerges from this exhaustive process, the widespread
agreement in the scientific community regarding the reality of climate change and the leading role of
human activities in driving this change is striking. Lmrddtconst ? ?? is the angular momentum con-
sidered as invariant with time, i.e., the angular momen- tum in a central field like Newton’s gravity
field is a con-. In the past, climate change was driven exclusively by natural factors: explosive
volcanic eruptions that injected reflective particles into the upper atmosphere, changes in energy
from the sun, periodic variations in the Earth’s orbit, natural cycles that transfer heat between the
ocean and the atmosphere, and slowly changing natural variations in heat-trapping gases in the
atmosphere. Your instructor will review your recommendation and assign a grade based on how well
you met the criteria described above. Note: You must make a comment to enable your classmate to
see your feedback. Or it could be a change in a place's usual temperature for a month or season. The
relative importance of these three sources of uncertainty changes over time. These gases allow to
global warming continues and has a result of these natural disasters are more frequently like
hurricanes earthquake, also the melting of polar ice caps also contributes to higher sea levels, in
addition these disasters have an economic consequence around the word. These parts of the world
are affected by monsoon rains, very hot temperatures, shifting storms, floods and droughts, which
have proven difficult to predict. What are the key uncertainties about climate change? Or it could be
a change in a place's usual temperature for a month or season. This briefing Note updates the existing
paper on the 3Ts and provides a snapshot of the way the 3Ts were implemented among EurEau
members in 2017. Note: You must make a comment to enable your classmate to see your feedback.
Internal Factors Volcanic Activity: Volcanic eruptions can release large quantities of ash into the
atmosphere. References Nuttall, M., 2012. Tipping points and the human world: living with change
and thinking about the future. Records from ice cores, tree rings, soil boreholes, and other forms of
“natural thermometers,” or “proxy” climate data, show that recent climate change is unusually rapid
compared to past changes. The number of microplastic particles in groundwater is deemed to be
negligible. Note: You will not be able to see the feedback you leave for your classmate. Beyond the
middle of this century, global and regional temperature changes will be determined primarily by the
rate and amount of various emissions released by human activities, as well as by the response of the
Earth’s climate system to those emissions. Obviously, Eq.2.2 leads to formula 2.1 if p and e are
inserted. From 1970 to 2010, for example, global temperature trends taken at five-year intervals
show both decreases and sharp increases. Greenland’s melt area has increased over the past several
decades. Your essay must be focused, must have clear and relevant details, must be well researched
(with good, credible sources and accurate documentation), and must be well presented and
persuasive. Figure 9 also shows the periodically variation of the mid-month inso- lation for the
latitudes 65. The combination of the general precession and the pre- cession of the Perihelion is
called the climatic precession and the related parameter sin e. Other more abundant gases in the
atmosphere like nitrogen and oxygen are largely transparent to the Earth’s infrared energy. Finally,
there is always the possibility that there are processes and feedbacks not yet being included in future
projections. In 1890, Svante Arrhenius, a Swedish chemist, calculated the effect of increasing fossil
fuel use on global temperature. Its eccentricity is given by ? ? 22 eaba ??, a being the semi-major axis
and b the semi-minor axis. The greenhouse effect is caused by heat-trapping gases, such as water
vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane, in the Earth’s atmosphere.
They assumed little policy intervention to slow the buildup of greenhouse gases. The match up of the
blue band and the black line illustrate that only the inclusion of human factors can explain the recent
warming. (Figure source: adapted from Huber and Knutti, 2012 12 ). A persuasive writer's voice that
is both uniquely yours and that is also appropriate for academic writing. When a US representative
sample was asked how many climate scientists agree that humans are causing global warming, the
average answer was around 50%. Whether it be brought up and discussed in politics, school, family,
or friends, some people still limit using those words when in casual conversation. Because of the way
these measurements have been taken, many of the records contain results that are skewed by, for
example, a change of instrument or a station move. Today’s climate models do a good job at
reproducing the broad features of the present climate and changes in climate, including the
significant warming that has occurred over the last 50 years. Over the past 30 years, temperatures
have risen faster in winter than in any other season, with average winter temperatures in the Midwest
and northern Great Plains increasing more than 7F. I had 5 days to complete my paper and not even
a single chance to do it by myself. Shading indicates the range (5 th to 95 th percentile) of results
from a suite of climate models. Thus it is not surprising that recent reports from the U.S. National
Academy of Sciences, including America’s Climate Choices 22 and America’s Energy Future, 23
have concluded that the environmental, economic, and humanitarian risks posed by climate change
indicate a pressing need for substantial action to limit the magnitude of climate change and to
prepare to adapt to its impacts. As opposed to land moving apart, there is now evidence that
continents are moving together but at millimetres per year. For other types of extreme weather events
important to the United States, such as tornadoes and severe thunderstorms, more research is needed
to understand how climate change will affect them. Recent research has shown how climate change
can alter atmospheric circulation and weather patterns such as the jet stream, affecting the location,
frequency, and duration of these and other extremes. Vector borne diseases, are one of the most
known diseases that can be credited to climate change. Temperature changes in a given location are
a function of multiple factors, including global and local forces, and both human and natural
influences. Extracting ice cores from either Greenland or Antarctica allows scientists to research
further into the Milankovitch theory. If we acknowledge that the variation of S and r during one day
can be neglected, we will obtain ?? 2 0 0 2 0 cos d cos sinsincoscosd s r s r t t t t r QS t r r Sht r ???
? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ? (2.15). SECOND To your instructor by submitting your Peer Review
document to this 4.5 Peer Review assignment. Offer ways to understand the subject rather than
bluntly stating the subject itself e. Also, in many areas, heavy rainfall events have already, and will
continue to become more frequent and severe as climate continues to change. Inhofe, who.
sponsored the report is a minority Republican on the U. S. Zbigniew Jaworowski, Chairman of the
Scientific Council of Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection. As expressed by these
equations, these fluxes at a given location are related to differences of temperature, humidity and
wind speed between a certain reference height, R z and the Earth’s surface.Moreover, ? ?,, vs LT.
Create an interesting title that captures the interest of your reader and focuses your essay. While
choosing a topic, the writer should consider the following points: The topic should have the capacity
to be argued for or against. OPEN ACCESS 972 typical of the modern state-of-the-art, such as from
line by line calculations of atmospheric radiative transfer, global climate models (GCMs) or even on
the level of advanced textbooks, but rather criticize simple, didactic models for not being complete.
Examples of the power projections are political power, diplomacy, economic Continue Reading. We
analysed the same papers as Oreskes and similarly found zero rejections in the papers matching her
search parameters. Dissolved calcium and carbonate ions are the building blocks for the skeletons
and shells of many living things in the oceans. The oceans are now absorbing about a quarter of the
carbon dioxide produced by human activities every year.
Moreover, climate change interacts with other stressors, such as population increase, land-use
change, and economic and political changes, in ways that we may not be able to anticipate,
compounding the risks. This assignment requires you to use all of the skills you have been
developing to analyze multiple texts, develop and support an argument, follow a process for writing,
and use and cite sources properly. At this time, however, there is no indication that any of them
could be implemented on a large enough scale to have a significant effect. From a sta tistical point of
view, such trends are rather inappropriate for describing climate change and climate variability,
respectively. Over the next decade, computer speeds are predicted to increase another 100 fold or
more, permitting even more details of the climate system to be explored. The black line shows
observed global average temperatures. The weather can change a lot within a very short time.
Creating a personal classroom management plan requires careful consideration of how you envision
your classroom culture fr. This section should be split up into multiple paragraphs. It also shows that
the “increased frequency heat waves would see up to three times more deaths from heart attacks,
strokes and respiratory disease by 2050” (Climate Change Causes big health risks, 2007). Year-to-
year and even decade-to-decade conditions do not necessarily tell us much about long-term changes
in climate. Just stabilizing emissions still leads to increasing amounts of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere, because emissions are greater than the sinks that remove it (blue lines). OPEN ACCESS
986 reference state (e.g., a CLINO), climate change can only be diagnosed on the basis of two non-
overlapping cli- mate periods for which, at least, 60 year-observation records are required. There had
to be an. Indeed, that is precisely what has been discovered. These. cosmic rays enhance cloud
formation, which, overall, has a cooling. Furthermore, the article also states that as a result of the
heat waves, there would be an increase in people affected by asthma; there will be a higher risk of
mosquito-borne infectious diseases as well as a higher risk of food poisioning and viral infections. In
theory, it may be possible to reverse global warming through technological interventions called
geoengineering. This lag is primarily the result of the very large heat storage capacity of the world’s
oceans and the length of time required for that heat to be transferred to the deep ocean. For example,
the weather in areas covered by mountains can be completely different than the weather in areas
where the land is mostly flat. However much, it is challenging we need to understand on what to
anticipate in every day of our lives. A conclusion that reemphasizes the thesis statement. No. An
enduring myth about climate science is that in the 1970s the climate science community supposedly
predicted “global cooling” and an “imminent” ice age. This causes the climate in America, South
America and Australasia to change dramatically. These drastic changes have been noticed over
recent years and are mainly a result of human actions and not due to natural causes in the
atmosphere. Let's take a. short glance at the equation at the left, because you're. Repeat this process
for each peer review you are assigned. Arctic Ocean. Several months later, Crosbie, who is known as
an avid. A smaller on e is propagating through the atmosphere where the extinction by intervening
con- stituents is small. Some photosynthetic algae and seagrass species may benefit from higher CO
2 conditions in the ocean, as they require CO 2 to live, as do plants on land. Should the public come
to believe that the scientific issues are settled, their views about global warming will change
accordingly. There are substantial regional variations in trends across the planet, though the overall
trend is warming. (Figure source: NOAA NCDC).