Colloquial adalah gaya Bahasa yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari yang mencangkup

Bahasa dan percakapan idiom, slang, konteks informal lainnya.

Ini adalah gaya bicara fungsional yang paling umum, idiom yang biasanya digunakan dalam
percakapan dan konteks informal lainnya. Bahasa sehari-hari ditandai dengan penggunaan kata seru
dan perangkat ekspresif lainnya secara luas; Itu menggunakan terminologi non-spesialis, dan
memiliki leksikon yang berubah dengan cepat. Ini juga dapat dibedakan dengan penggunaan
formulasi dengan urutan logis dan sintaksis yang tidak lengkap.

Reduplication adalah fenomena lingusitic

Reduplication is a linguistic phenomenon in which all or part of a word is repeated to create a

new word with a modified meaning. This process is commonly found in many languages
around the world and serves various purposes, such as expressing intensity, plurality, or
iterative actions. Reduplication can occur with full or partial repetition of sounds or syllables
within a word.
There are several types of reduplication:
Full reduplication
The entire word or a substantial portion of it is repeated. For example:
English: "boo-boo," "night-night"
Indonesian: "rumah" (house) → "rumah-rumah" (houses)
Tagalog: "luto" (cook) → "lutu-luto" (cooking repeatedly)
Partial reduplication:
Only a part of the word is repeated. This can involve repeating specific sounds or syllables:
English: "teeny-weeny," "itsy-bitsy"
Malay: "malas" (lazy) → "malemalas" (being lazy)
Hawaiian: "wikiwiki" (quick) → "wiki" (quickly)
Reduplication for intensity or emphasis:
The reduplicated form of a word can intensify its meaning:
English: "big" → "biggie," "red" → "reddish"
Japanese: "kawaii" (cute) → "kawaikunai" (not cute but adorable)
Reduplication for plurality:
Reduplication can also be used to indicate plural forms of words:
Malay: "kucing" (cat) → "kucing-kucing" (cats)
Maori: "tama" (boy) → "tamatama" (boys)
Reduplication for iterative or repetitive actions :
Reduplication can indicate repeated or ongoing actions:
Indonesian: "makan" (eat) → "makan-makan" (eating repeatedly or frequently)
Chamorro: "tatai" (hit) → "tataitai" (hitting repeatedly)

The use of double subjects in Cameroon English is another syntactic feature that exhibits
colloquial use of language. This inventiveness in Cameroon English is to emphasize the
subject. For Example:

We the children of Ajasco do not tell lies. (We do not tell lies.)
We the students of LMA will organize a welcome party. (The students of the English
Department will organize a welcome party.)

The use of double subject may involve:

(i) demonstrative adjective + possessive adjective + noun + verb;

This your brother is a good guy. (This brother of yours is a good fellow.)
That my book is so dear to me. (That book of mine is very important to me.)
These your oranges are rotten. (These oranges of yours are rotten.)

In each of these structures, we notice that the possessive pronoun has been replaced by the
possessive adjective with a novelty in structure. Three changes have taken place in each of
these structures – the original possessive pronoun is replaced by a possessive adjective; the
latter occurs right after the demonstrative adjective; and the preposition “of” is deleted.

ii) the use of a pronoun + a modifier.

We the students of Level Four will provide a cake for the party.
The colloquialism in this structure lies with the use of redundancy or repetition to achieve
emphasis.

Reduplication is a linguistic phenomenon in which all or part of a word is repeated to create a

new word with a modified meaning. This process is commonly found in many languages around
the world and serves various purposes, such as expressing intensity, plurality, or iterative actions.
Reduplication can occur with full or partial repetition of sounds or syllables within a word.
There are several types of reduplication:

1. Full reduplication: The entire word or a substantial portion of it is repeated. For

example:
 English: "boo-boo," "night-night"
 Indonesian: "rumah" (house) → "rumah-rumah" (houses)
 Tagalog: "luto" (cook) → "lutu-luto" (cooking repeatedly)
2. Partial reduplication: Only a part of the word is repeated. This can involve repeating
specific sounds or syllables:
 English: "teeny-weeny," "itsy-bitsy"
 Malay: "malas" (lazy) → "malemalas" (being lazy)
 Hawaiian: "wikiwiki" (quick) → "wiki" (quickly)
3. Reduplication for intensity or emphasis: The reduplicated form of a word can intensify
its meaning:
 English: "big" → "biggie," "red" → "reddish"
 Japanese: "kawaii" (cute) → "kawaikunai" (not cute but adorable)
4. Reduplication for plurality: Reduplication can also be used to indicate plural forms of
words:
 Malay: "kucing" (cat) → "kucing-kucing" (cats)
 Maori: "tama" (boy) → "tamatama" (boys)
5. Reduplication for iterative or repetitive actions: Reduplication can indicate repeated
or ongoing actions:
 Indonesian: "makan" (eat) → "makan-makan" (eating repeatedly or frequently)
 Chamorro: "tatai" (hit) → "tataitai" (hitting repeatedly)

It's essential to note that the specific function and meaning of reduplication can vary significantly
between languages. Reduplication is a fascinating linguistic feature that adds versatility and
depth to the languages that use it.

penegertian reduplication
ChatGPT
Saya rasa ada ketidaksesuaian pada kata dalam pertanyaan Anda. Jika Anda ingin bertanya
tentang "pengertian reduplication" (bukan "penegertian"), maka definisi reduplication telah
dijelaskan dalam jawaban sebelumnya:

Reduplication adalah fenomena linguistik di mana seluruh atau sebagian dari sebuah kata
diulang untuk menciptakan kata baru dengan makna yang dimodifikasi. Proses ini umum
ditemukan dalam banyak bahasa di seluruh dunia dan berfungsi untuk berbagai tujuan, seperti
mengekspresikan intensitas, jumlah jamak, atau tindakan berulang.

Reduplication dapat terjadi dengan pengulangan suara atau suku kata penuh atau sebagian
dalam sebuah kata. Beberapa jenis reduplication meliputi reduplikasi penuh, reduplikasi parsial,
reduplikasi untuk intensitas atau penekanan, reduplikasi untuk jumlah jamak, dan reduplikasi
untuk tindakan berulang atau berulang-ulang.

Semoga penjelasan ini bermanfaat, dan jika ada pertanyaan lebih lanjut, jangan ragu untuk
bertanya!
Compounding is a linguistic process in which two or more separate words are combined to
create a new word with a specific meaning. This phenomenon is prevalent in many languages
and is a productive way of forming new vocabulary. Compound words are formed by placing
the constituent words together, and the resulting combination often conveys a more specific
or nuanced meaning than the individual words would on their own. Here are some examples
of compound words in English and other languages:
1. English:
"Sunflower" (sun + flower)
"Blackboard" (black + board)
"Football" (foot + ball)
"Raincoat" (rain + coat)
2. German:
"Fernseher" (Fernsehen + Gerät) meaning "television" (literally "far-seer device")
"Wassermelone" (Wasser + Melone) meaning "watermelon"
3. Spanish:
"abrelatas" (abrir + latas) meaning "can opener"
"lavaplatos" (lava + platos) meaning "dishwasher"
4. Chinese (Mandarin):
"电话" (diànhuà) meaning "telephone" (电 - diàn = electricity, 话 - huà = speech)
5. Indonesian:
"matahari" (mata + hari) meaning "sun" (literally "eye of the day")

Compounding can be used to create nouns, verbs, adjectives, and other word classes, and it
allows for the creation of a rich and varied lexicon in a language. The rules for compounding
can vary between languages, and while some compounds are transparent in their meaning,
others may require familiarity with the language or context to understand fully.

Clipping, in linguistics, is a word formation process where a longer word is shortened by

removing one or more syllables to create a new, shorter word. The resulting shortened word is
called a "clip" or "clipped word." Clipping is a common word-formation strategy used in
various languages, particularly in informal or colloquial contexts, and it often occurs in
everyday language to create more concise or convenient expressions. Clipped words can take
different forms based on the part of the word that is removed:
1. Back-clipping: The beginning of the word is removed.
Example: "telephone" → "phone," "advertisement" → "ad," "mathematics" → "math"
2. Fore-clipping: The end of the word is removed.
Example: "television" → "tele," "breakfast" → "break," "professor" → "prof"
3. Middle-clipping: A portion from the middle of the word is removed.
Example: "hamburger" → "burger," "motorcycle" → "moto," "fanatic" → "fan"
Clipped words often retain the core meaning of the original word, and they are usually easy
to understand within the context of the language. Clipping is commonly used in informal
speech, slang, and in the creation of brand names, nicknames, or abbreviations.

Semantic extension is a natural process in language evolution, and it allows words to adapt to
changing contexts and societal needs. Over time, some semantic extensions may become so
prevalent that they become an established part of the language's lexicon. Epoge (2012) The
extension of the semantic range of native English words wherein the words retain their
English meanings but acquire additional ones not familiar in native English. There are several
types of semantic extension:
1. Generalization: The word's meaning becomes more general, encompassing a broader
range of referents than its original specific meaning. For example:
"Mouse" originally referred to a small rodent but has extended to include computer input
devices.
"Disease" originally referred to specific illnesses but now includes any medical condition.

2. Metaphorical extension: The word takes on a new meaning through metaphorical or

symbolic associations. For example:
"Bright" initially referred to light intensity, but it is now used metaphorically to describe
intelligence or quickness.
"Foot" originally referred to the body part, but it's also used metaphorically in expressions
like "foot of the mountain" or "foot of the bed."
3. Metonymy: The word's meaning expands to include related concepts or items that are
closely associated. For example:
"Crown" originally referred to the headgear worn by a monarch but now also means the
monarchy itself.
"White House" can refer to the U.S. presidency or government.
4. Elevation: The word gains a more positive or elevated connotation than its original neutral
or negative meaning. For example:
"Nice" originally meant "foolish" but has evolved to have a positive connotation.
5. Amelioration: The word's meaning improves or becomes more favorable over time. For
example:
"Silly" used to mean "deserving of pity" but now has a more lighthearted connotation.

Coinage, in linguistics, refers to the creation of new words or expressions that have not been
derived from existing language elements. It is a word-formation process where people invent
entirely new terms to represent concepts, objects, or phenomena for which there was
previously no specific word
1. Invention: A new word is created from scratch to describe a novel concept or object. This
can happen spontaneously or deliberately by individuals or groups. For example:
"Google" was coined as a company name but has now become a verb meaning to search for
information online.
"Selfie" was created to describe a self-portrait photograph taken with a smartphone.
2. Blending: Coining a new word by blending parts of two or more existing words. This often
involves taking the beginning of one word and combining it with the end of another. For
example:
"Brunch" is a blend of "breakfast" and "lunch."
"Infomercial" is a blend of "information" and "commercial."
Acronyms and Initialisms: Forming new words by taking the initial letters or syllables of a 3.
3. phrase or expression. For example:
"NASA" stands for "National Aeronautics and Space Administration."
"FOMO" stands for "Fear Of Missing Out."
4. Backformation: Creating a new word by removing what appears to be a suffix from an
existing word. For example:
"Edit" was backformed from "editor."
"Televise" was backformed from "television."
5. Eponyms: Coining words based on the names of people or places. For example:
"Sandwich" is said to be named after John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich.
"Cardigan" is named after James Brudenell, the 7th Earl of Cardigan.