Acute Bronchitis Case Study

CALAMBA DOCTORS' COLLEGE
Virborough Subdivision Brgy. Parian Calamba, Laguna

Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Acute Bronchitis
A Case Study presented to

the Nursing Department
Calamba Doctors’ College
Bagui o, M ari el a A lison A .

BSN2- C
BS Nursing Level 2 Section

2024
1 | Page
OBJECTIVES
• To discuss the purpose of Laboratory tests.
• To discuss the risk factors and the Anatomy and Physiology of the
involved organ.
• Discuss how nursing actions are created, receiving treatment and
interventions.
• To prevent and manage compliance to the disease.
2 | Page
DEFINITION/BACKGROUND
The lungs' swelling airways and mucus production cause a chest cold, also known as
acute bronchitis. Your coughing is caused by that. In less than three weeks, acute
bronchitis may subside. The cause of acute bronchitis is typically a virus. Acute
bronchitis can occasionally be brought on by germs.
Acute bronchitis is among the most common diagnoses in primary care. Scientifically, it
is regarded as a viral infection. However, general practitioners frequently prescribe
antibiotics for acute bronchitis. The cause for this disparity could be a distinct
understanding of acute bronchitis. As a result, we sought to discover how general
practitioners define acute bronchitis and distinguish it from the common cold and
pneumonia.
3 | Page
PATIENT’S DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
Name: Natividad, Xyrene Jean M.

Age: 16 years old
Sex: Female
Date of Admission: February 8, 2024
CHIEF CONCERN
Fever ; Cough
HISTORY OF CHIEF CONCERN:

• 6 days PTC (+) fever; (+)cough;(+)headache
• 3 days PTC – signs and symptoms persistent check-up done
• PTC (+)vomiting;(+)cough;(+)abdominal pain
FAMILY PROFILE:
The client’ s father is smoking and drinking.
HISTORY OF FAMILY ILLNESSES:

• (+) Diabetes Mellitus – Lolo
• (+) Asthma - Tita
4 | Page
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT
General appearance: Extremely weak and tired appearing BP: 100/70 mmHg
HEENT: Negative
Chest: Consolidation posterior left upper lobe; Cardio mediastinal silhouette is not
widened; The diaphragm is unremarkable; Pneumonia left upper lobe; Left upper and
lower lobe pneumonia with interval partial clearing; heart rate: 121 beats/min;
respiratory rate: 22 breaths/min.
5 | Page
LABORATORY & DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULTS
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
NORMAL
RESULT INDICATION
VALUES
Low hemoglobin levels
usually indicate
anemia. There are
numerous types of
anemia: Iron-deficiency
anemia: This is the
95.0 120-150 most prevalent type,
Hemoglobin which occurs when a
person's body lacks
iron and is unable to
produce the
hemoglobin that the
body requires.
A low hematocrit level

indicates that the body
contains insufficient red
blood cells. In certain
Hematocrit
0.28 0.37-0.45 circumstances, a
person may have signs
indicating anemia.
3.2 4.6-5.2 A low RBC count can

impair the body's ability
to transport oxygen and
nutrients throughout its
RBC circulatory system. It
may produce
weariness, dizziness,
and heart palpitations.
An elevated percentage
of neutrophils, known
as neutrophilia, might
Segmenters 0.79 0.55-0.65 develop from an
inflammatory condition
or infection.
6 | Page
0.10 0.25-0.35 Lymphocytopenia

refers to low
lymphocyte levels in
your blood.
Lymphocytopenia can
Lymphocytes be caused by the flu or
other mild illnesses, but
it may also be caused
by a more serious
disease or condition.
11.6 11.7-14.4 A low RDW-CV value

indicates that red blood
cell sizes vary less and
are more uniform. Red
RDW-CV blood cells should be
somewhat similar in
size.
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY:
Anatomy of the Lungs
7 | Page
Lungs
The lung's purpose is to give oxygen to the blood. The respiratory system is separated
into airways and lung parenchyma. The airways are made up of the bronchus, which
separates from the trachea into bronchioles and finally alveoli. The alveoli, alveolar
ducts, and bronchioles are all part of the parenchyma, which is responsible for gas
exchange.
The lungs are the respiratory system's foundational organs, and their primary role is to
promote gas exchange from the environment into the bloodstream. Oxygen is carried
through the alveoli to the capillary network, where it enters the arterial system and
eventually perfuses tissue.
The lungs have a spongy texture and a pinkish-gray tint. They are also anatomically
described as having an apex, three boundaries, and three surfaces. They further split
into lobes and segments. The pleura also covers the lung parenchyma.
8 | Page
Pathophysiology
Irritation of airway due to any aetiological stimulant
Infiltration of neutrophils in the lung tissue
Release of inflammatory substance by neutrophils
Hypersecretion of goblet Hyperemic and Diminished bronchial

cell oedematous mucus lining mucociliary function
Clogging of air passages
9 | Page
NURSING CARE PLAN
ASSESSTMENT NSG DX PLANNING INTERVENTIONS EVALUATION
SUBJECTIVE: Short term: Independent: The patient improved

the ventilation and
• Itchy throat After 1 day of Monitor vital sign adequate
• Chest pain nursing intervention oxygenation.
• Back pain the patient will Assess respiratory
demonstrate rate and heart rate. There is no
OBJECTIVE: adequate oxygen symptoms of
and improved Assist client to learn respiratory distress.
• Weak looking ventilation. breathing exercise.
• Tired looking Ineffective Established normal
• (+) cough Airway Long term: Encourage deep vital sign and
• (+)fever Clearance breathing. respiratory rate.
related to After 1 week of
• Temp: 37.5
excessive, nursing intervention Elevate the head of
• BP: 100/70
thickened the patient ventilation the bed.
• HR: 121 mucous and oxygenation is
beats/min. secretion adequate to meet Monitor the mucous
• RR: 22 self care needs. membrane color.
breaths/min.
10 | Page
ASSESSTMENT NSG DX PLANNING INTERVENTIONS EVALUATION
SUBJECTIVE: Short-term: Monitor vital sign After 1 week of

nursing intervention
• Chest pain After 1 day of Promote thorough the patient was able
nursing education about to verbalized the
OBJECTIVE: intervention the relaxation technique. importance of
client will able to breathing exercise
• Weak looking demonstrate Assist client to learn and relaxation
• Tired looking Ineffective proper coughing breathing exercise. technique.
Breathing and breathing.
• (+) cough
Pattern Established normal
• (+) fever related to Long term: Monitor vital sign and
• Temp: 37.5 Pleural the patient’s respiratory rate.
• BP: 100/70 Effusion as After 3 days of chest x-ray as indicated
• HR: 121 Evidence by nursing for severity of acute/
Dyspnea intervention the chronic condition.
beats/min.
client will be able
• RR: 22 to establish Assess for pain or
breaths/min normal respiratory discomfort.
rate and heart
rate.
11 | Page
DRUG STUDY
CETIRIZINE
THERAPEUTIC CLASS: Antihistamine
DRUG MECHANISM INDICATION AND SIDE ADVERSE NURSING

DATA OF ACTION CONTRAINDICATION EFFECTS EFFECT CONSIDERATION
Generic Cetirizine, a Indications: • Nausea, Cetirizine is Assess patient for a

Name: human Dry Mouth, classified as a history of
Cetirizine metabolite of Suggested for treating Dizziness, non-drowsy hypersensitivity
hydroxyzine, is seasonal allergies in Sore antihistamine, reactions, and keep
Brand an adults and children aged Throat, but it might an eye out for side
antihistamine two and up. Cetirizine is Headache still make effects like dizziness
Name:
whose primary also safe for usage in some people or dry mouth.
actions are the elderly. feel weary.
Allacan mediated by Common Always check for
selective Contraindications: adverse potential drug
Benadryl blockage of effects include interactions with any
Allergy peripheral H1 headaches, other medications
Patients with a known
receptors. dry mouth, the patient is taking.
hypersensitivity to it or
Zirtek Allergy feeling weak, In addition, notify
any of its ingredients or
dizziness, and nursing personnel of
hydroxyzine.
Dosage: nausea. any indicators of an
10mg allergic reaction and
ensure that the
Frequency: patient's response
ODHD to cetirizine is
properly
documented.
12 | Page
CELECOXIB
THERAPEUTIC CLASS: NSAID

Generic Celecoxib is a Indications: • Mild Increased risk Conduct a thorough

Name: nonsteroidal Primary dysmenorrhea headache, of review of the
Celocoxib anti- and acute pain are some Stomach cardiovascular patient's medical
inflammatory conditions it is used to upset, disease, history, including
Brand medication treat. Celecoxib may Diarrhea gastrointestinal cardiovascular and
(NSAID) that also be recommended to bleeding, and gastrointestinal risk
Name:
inhibits the people with familial kidney issues. factors. Look for
Celebrex enzyme adenomatous polyposis Serious evidence of
cyclooxygenase- (FAP) in an effort to allergic hypersensitivity
Dosage: 2. COX-2 is lessen the quantity of reactions, such reactions.
200mg involved in the adenomatous colorectal as skin rash,
creation of polyps. It's crucial to itching, Educate patients on
Frequency: prostaglandins, remember that usage of swelling, the dangers and
Q12 PRN which are this substance should be severe advantages of
compounds that supervised by a dizziness, or celecoxib,
cause physician due to difficulty emphasizing the
inflammation possible hazards to the breathing, are significance of
and pain. gastrointestinal system possible in adhering to the
Celecoxib and heart from rare recommended
inhibits COX-2, prolonged use. circumstances. doses and duration.
which lowers Long-term
prostaglandin Contraindications: usage of Monitor vital signs
synthesis, Individuals with a history NSAIDs such on a regular basis,
resulting in anti- of hypersensitivity to as celecoxib particularly blood
inflammatory celecoxib or other may raise the pressure, and look
and analgesic NSAIDs should not take risk of severe for any indications
benefits. it. Celecoxib, which stomach and of adverse reactions
includes a sulfonamide intestinal or gastrointestinal
component, is also ulcers. problems. Keep an
contraindicated in eye on renal
patients who have a function using the
history of sulfonamide- necessary
induced allergic laboratory tests.
reactions (such as
asthma or allergy-type
reactions).
13 | Page
It is not suggested for Encourage patients

people with active to stay hydrated,
gastrointestinal particularly if they
bleeding, severe heart are at risk for renal
failure, or a history of problems.
heart disease.
14 | Page
PARACETAMOL
THERAPEUTIC CLASS: Analgesic, Antipyretic

Generic Inhibition of Indications: Allergic Potential liver Ensure patients

Name: cyclooxygenase Suggested to relieve Reaction: damage, adhere to
Paracetamol (COX). In mild to severe Itching, particularly in recommended
contrast to discomfort and fever. It skin rash cases of dosages and avoid
Brand nonsteroidal is commonly used to or swelling. overdose or exceeding the
anti- treat symptoms caused continuous maximum daily limit
Name:
inflammatory by a variety of illnesses, usage above to prevent the risk of
Biogesic medications prescribed liver damage.
including headaches,
Calpol
(NSAIDs) such muscle aches, back levels. Acute
as ibuprofen, pain, and minor injuries. paracetamol Educate patients on
Dosage: which inhibit Paracetamol is also overdose can the importance of
500mg both COX-1 thought to be an result in not combining
and COX-2, effective treatment for serious liver paracetamol with
Frequency: paracetamol fever in a variety of damage and other medications
Q4 appears to conditions, including even liver containing it and
inhibit COX-2 in viral infections and post- failure. avoiding alcohol, as
the central vaccination. these can increase
nervous the risk of adverse
system. This Contraindications: effects.
inhibition Individuals with a known
reduces the allergy or Monitor patients for
formation of hypersensitivity to signs of liver
prostaglandins, paracetamol. damage, especially
which are in those with pre-
chemicals that existing liver
regulate pain conditions or risk
and factors. Regular
inflammation. liver function tests
may be appropriate
in certain cases.
Assess patients for

any known allergies
to paracetamol or
related medications
and monitor for
allergic reactions
during
15 | Page
administration.
Regularly assess
and document the
effectiveness of
paracetamol in
managing pain or
reducing fever.
16 | Page

Acute Bronchitis Case Study

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Acute Bronchitis Case Study

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CALAMBA DOCTORS' COLLEGE

Virborough Subdivision Brgy. Parian Calamba, Laguna

A Case Study presented to

Bagui o, M ari el a A lison A .

BS Nursing Level 2 Section

• To discuss the purpose of Laboratory tests.

• Discuss how nursing actions are created, receiving treatment and

• To prevent and manage compliance to the disease.

bronchitis can occasionally be brought on by germs.

is regarded as a viral infection. However, general practitioners frequently prescribe

understanding of acute bronchitis. As a result, we sought to discover how general

PATIENT’S DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

Name: Natividad, Xyrene Jean M.

HISTORY OF CHIEF CONCERN:

HISTORY OF FAMILY ILLNESSES:

respiratory rate: 22 breaths/min.

LABORATORY & DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULTS

COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

A low hematocrit level

3.2 4.6-5.2 A low RBC count can

0.10 0.25-0.35 Lymphocytopenia

11.6 11.7-14.4 A low RDW-CV value

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY:

Anatomy of the Lungs

eventually perfuses tissue.

Irritation of airway due to any aetiological stimulant

Infiltration of neutrophils in the lung tissue

Release of inflammatory substance by neutrophils

Hypersecretion of goblet Hyperemic and Diminished bronchial

Clogging of air passages

NURSING CARE PLAN

ASSESSTMENT NSG DX PLANNING INTERVENTIONS EVALUATION

SUBJECTIVE: Short term: Independent: The patient improved

ASSESSTMENT NSG DX PLANNING INTERVENTIONS EVALUATION

SUBJECTIVE: Short-term: Monitor vital sign After 1 week of

THERAPEUTIC CLASS: Antihistamine

DRUG MECHANISM INDICATION AND SIDE ADVERSE NURSING

Generic Cetirizine, a Indications: • Nausea, Cetirizine is Assess patient for a

THERAPEUTIC CLASS: NSAID

DRUG MECHANISM INDICATION AND SIDE ADVERSE NURSING

Generic Celecoxib is a Indications: • Mild Increased risk Conduct a thorough

It is not suggested for Encourage patients

THERAPEUTIC CLASS: Analgesic, Antipyretic

DRUG MECHANISM INDICATION AND SIDE ADVERSE NURSING

Generic Inhibition of Indications: Allergic Potential liver Ensure patients

Assess patients for

You might also like