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ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM
Subject : SCIENCE-10 REPORTER: KENNETH LANA
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The Endocrine system is made up of
glands and the hormones they
secrete.
produces and regulates chemical
substances called hormones.
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HORMONES
A chemical transmitter that is released in small
amounts from glands, and is transported in the
bloodstream to target organs or other cells.
are chemical messengers, transferring
information and instructions from one set of cells
to another.
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NERVOUS SYSTEM ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Vs.
NEUROTRANSMITTERS/
NEURONS
HORMONES
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The pituitary gland has two types;

The Anterior - means towards the front.
Posterior - means towards the back.
these two stems off the hypothalamus.
HYPOTHALAMUS
PINEAL GLAND
PITUITARY GLAND(S)
(ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR)
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SECRETIONS FROM POSTERIOR PITUITARY

Oxytocin
important in labour for uterine
contractions when having a baby

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

stimulates the kidneys to re-
absorb water
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SECRETIONS FROM ANTERIOR PITUITARY

Growth Hormone(GH) Prolactin (PRL) Thyroid stimulating Follicle stimulating

hormone (TSH)
promotes hormone (FSH)
stimulates
producing stimulates
promotes the thyroid
milk from gonads to
growth to release
mammary make
thyroid
glands. hormone. gametes
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SECRETIONS FROM ANTERIOR PITUITARY

Luteinizing Hormone
stimulate gonads to make androgens

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

stimulates the adrenal cortex to
release hormones
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SECRETION FROM THE PINEAL GLAND

MELATONIN
helps regulate circadian rhythm
which involves - which involves our
PINEAL GLAND sleep-wake cycle
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SECRETION FROM THE THYROID

• Thyroxine(T4)
&
• Triiodothyronine (T3)
-These two hormones can have a major role in
metabolic processes

• Calcitonin
-can lower the blood calcium level.
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SECRETIONS FROM THE PARATHYROID

(POSTERIOR OF THYROID)

• Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

- raises blood calcium levels
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SECRETIONS FROM THE THYMUS

• Thymosin - stimulates the making of

T-cells
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ADRENAL GLANDS
two major parts:
The Adrenal medulla and the Adrenal cortex

Adrenal medulla Adrenal cortex

Inner part of the Outer region of the
Adrenal gland Adrenal gland

SECRETIONS SECRETIONS
Epinephrine & •Norepinephrine - Glucocorticoids - Can increase blood
involved in several body response glucose levels and plays major roles in
including the fight or flight response stress and inflammation.
Mineralocorticoids
- it's critical for the re-absorption of
sodium and excretion of potassium
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SECRETIONS FROM THE PANCREAS

• Insulin
insulin tells your body cells to take in glucose which is
important because without it, your cells don't have the
glucose they need to survive.

• glucagon
- helps raise the blood glucose level.
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SECRETIONS FROM THE GONADS

Female Gonad : Ovary

SECRETIONS: Male Gonad : Testis
• Estrogen SECRETIONS:
- Generally estrogen promotes uterine lining
• androgen
growth and female secondary sex characteristics
•Progesterone - helps in making sperm cells and the
- which also promotes uterine lining growth and development of male secondary sex
keeps it maintained which is critical for fetal characteristics
development.
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QUIZ TIME :)
TIP: Trust your guts !!
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QUESTIONS:
1. It is a system that is made up of glands and the hormones they
secrete.
2. A chemical transmitter that is released in small amounts from glands,
and is transported in the bloodstream to target organs or other cells.
3. A_______ which means towards the front.
4. p________ which means towards the back.
5. A type of hormone that promotes growth
6. A type of hormone that helps regulate circadian rhythm which
involves our sleep-wake cycle
7. A gland that kinda looks like a butterfly
8. A gland that is posterior to the Thyroid
9. What do you call the Gonad of FEMALES?
10. What do you call the Gonad of MALES?
That’s all !! Thank you !!
Hope you did well !!