Dr. B. C.

Roy Engineering College

Name- Kishlay Babul

University Roll No– 12000320009
Subject– Cyber Law And Ethics

Semester– 8th(CSE-01)

Subject Code :OEC-CS 801B

Introduction to Cybercrime

•Cybercrime refers to criminal activities conducted through the use of

computer networks and the internet.
•Evolution of cybercrime from basic hacking to sophisticated, organized
criminal enterprises.
•Impact on individuals, businesses, and governments, leading to financial
losses, data breaches, and national security concerns.
•Pervasiveness of cyber threats in the modern digital era.
•The need for increased awareness and proactive measures to counter
cybercrime.
Common Types of Cybercrime

• Hacking involves unauthorized access to computer systems or

networks.
• Phishing is the use of deceptive emails or messages to trick
individuals into revealing sensitive information.
• Ransomware attacks encrypt data, demanding payment for its
release.
• Identity theft involves stealing personal information for fraudulent
purposes.
• Cyberespionage targets sensitive information for political, economic,
or military gains.
Motivations Behind Cybercrime
•Financial gain is a primary motivator, with cybercriminals seeking monetary
rewards through fraud and extortion.
•Political motives may involve state-sponsored cyber attacks for espionage
or disruption.
•Personal satisfaction or revenge motivates some individuals to engage in
cybercriminal activities.
•Ideological reasons may drive hacktivism, targeting organizations based on
certain beliefs.
•Cybercrime's lucrative nature attracts individuals with varying motives and
skill sets.
Cybersecurity Measures
•Strong passwords and multi-factor authentication are essential for securing
online accounts.
•Regular software updates and patches help protect against known
vulnerabilities.
•Antivirus software and firewalls provide a defense against malware and
unauthorized access.
•Employee training programs educate individuals on recognizing and
avoiding cyber threats.
•Security audits and risk assessments help organizations identify and
address potential weaknesses.
Social Engineering Attacks
•Social engineering manipulates human psychology to deceive individuals
into divulging confidential information.
•Pretexting involves creating a false pretext or scenario to extract sensitive
information.
•Baiting entices individuals with something enticing to compromise their
security.
•Phishing, vishing (voice phishing), and smishing (SMS phishing) are common
social engineering techniques.
•Cybercriminals exploit trust, fear, or urgency to manipulate individuals into
taking specific actions.
Data Breaches and Privacy Concerns
•Data breaches involve unauthorized access to and exposure of sensitive
information.
•Personal data, financial information, and intellectual property are common
targets in data breaches.
•Privacy concerns arise as individuals and organizations grapple with the
loss of control over their confidential information.
•Legal and financial consequences for organizations experiencing data
breaches.
•The role of privacy regulations, such as GDPR and CCPA, in holding entities
accountable for data protection.
Legal Aspects of Cybercrime

•Laws and regulations are enacted at national and international levels to

combat cybercrime.
•Countries may have varying legal frameworks for addressing cyber threats.
•The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime (Budapest Convention)
promotes international cooperation against cybercrime.
•Challenges in enforcing cybercrime laws due to jurisdictional issues and the
borderless nature of the internet.
•The importance of international collaboration to address global cyber
threats.
Emerging Cyber Threats
•Rapid advancements in technology introduce new threats, such as Internet
of Things (IoT) vulnerabilities.
•Deepfake technology poses risks by creating realistic fake videos or audio
recordings.
•Quantum computing presents challenges to traditional encryption
methods.
•Increased sophistication of social engineering attacks, targeting individuals
with personalized and convincing tactics.
•The evolving landscape of cyber threats requires ongoing research and
adaptation of cybersecurity measures.
Cybersecurity Best Practices for Businesses
•Employee training programs to enhance awareness and promote a
security-conscious culture.
•Regular security assessments and vulnerability testing to identify and
address potential weaknesses.
•Robust incident response plans for swift and effective action in the event of
a cyber attack.
•Collaboration with cybersecurity experts and organizations to stay
informed about the latest threats.
•Continuous monitoring and updating of security measures to adapt to
evolving cyber threats.
Future Trends in Cybersecurity
•Artificial intelligence and machine learning applications for predictive
threat analysis and automated response.
•Increased focus on securing the Internet of Things (IoT) devices to prevent
widespread vulnerabilities.
•Integration of blockchain technology for secure and transparent data
transactions.
•Enhanced collaboration between governments, industries, and
cybersecurity experts to combat cyber threats collectively.
•The evolving role of cybersecurity professionals in staying ahead of
sophisticated cybercriminal tactics.
THANK YOU!!!!