18-03-2024

Table of Contents
No. Article Newspaper Syllabus

1 IceCube: the big, chill neutrino-spotter The Hindu GS - III

Indian Express
2 Haiti crisis hit hospitals face new challenges GS - II

3 Many elections, AI’s dark dimension The Hindu GS - II

4 What is SIMA? Google Deep minds new AI Indian Express GS - III

5 India Abstains UNGA (March 17) Indian Express GS - II

Why Karnataka banned cotton candy

6 Indian Express GS - III
The Hindu – Science page
 Where they are produced

Neutrinos (ghost particles) • Natural – nuclear reactions in the sun,

radioactive decays, and high-energy cosmic
• Tiny elementary particle
events like supernovae.
• Not a part of atom
• Manmade –in lab by smashing sub nuclear
• Very negligible mass, no charge particles at high speed.

• Half spin and high energy.

• Travel at speed close to the speed of

light.

• Does not interact will other particle.

• Difficult to detect.
Why they are studied
Ice cube observatory
• They don’t get deflected or hindered.
• 1 km2 wide
• Help study about stars.
• Sensors placed under 2.5 km deep ice.
• Help study about dark matter.
 To filter out cosmic ray disturbance
• Help study about big bang. and background radiation

How are they detected Ice cube • Working

Observatory
 Neutrino collide with atomic nucleus or
“I AM BACK”
an electron to produce electrons and
muons.

 Collision produce cherenkov light.

 Timing and intensity help scientist

reconstruct the properties of the
neutrino.
Indian neutrino project:

• Study neutrinos in a 1,200-metre deep cave

• Study atmospheric neutrino

• Theni dist., Tamil Nadu

 Practice Prelims question
Q. Which of the following statements about the IceCube
Neutrino Observatory is correct?
a) IceCube is located in the Arctic region, directly
under the North Pole.
b) IceCube primarily studies cosmic rays and their
interactions with Earth's atmosphere.
c) IceCube uses a network of undersea sensors to
detect neutrinos passing through the Earth.
d) IceCube's primary focus is the study of
gravitational waves emitted by distant celestial
objects
Indian Express
Pg: 1
 Part A—Prelims Examination

Paper I
• Current events of national and international
importance.

Part B—Mains Examination

GS II- Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social

Justice and International Relations

• Bilateral, Regional and Global Groupings and

Agreements involving India and/or affecting
India’s interests.
Haiti's Long-standing Issues

• Political instability, natural disasters, lack

of a president since 2021.

• Current Crisis: Port-au-Prince under gang

control, widespread violence.

• Leadership Vacuum: Ariel Henry's challenges

in organizing elections amidst chaos.

• International Intervention Debate: Calls for

a Haitian-led solution vs. international
assistance.

• Historical Context: 2010 earthquake

devastation, ongoing recovery struggles
• Gang Violence Impact: Kidnappings, • Future Uncertainty: Ariel Henry's

control over key areas, safety and agreement to step down, the quest for a

security concerns locally supported government.

• Humanitarian Situation: Food shortages, • Local Solutions: The Montana Accord and

blocked ports, and the need for aid the push for a governance model by and
for Haitians.
• External Help Complications: Kenya's
failed assistance plan, concerns about
foreign interventions
 Practice Question– Prelims
Q. Montana Accord recently in news, is related to
which of the following country.
a. Canada
b. Cuba
c. Haiti
d. USA
The Hindu – Pg 8, editorial
 Part B—Main Examination

PAPER-IV
Practice Question – Mains
General Studies‐II : Governance, Constitution,
Polity, Social Justice and International relations. GS – II
• Parliament and State legislatures—structure, Q. Discuss how AI can be used to solve
functioning, conduct of business, powers & political issues in India? And what are
privileges and issues arising out of these. the challenges?

• Feature of the Representation of People’s Act. (250 words, 15 marks)

Introduction

• Elections are the cornerstone of any

democratic system.

 Reflects - will of the people, fosters

responsibility and accountability of the
leaders.

 Humanity is in the middle of 4th ir with

advanced technologies like artificial
intelligence, iot, big-data.

 Invasion of politico-administrative
sphere - playing a major role in
politics.
Body of the answer • Cost-effective campaign.

Significance of AI in politics.  Prs data - inequality in spending with

respect to many parties.
• Monitoring for election fraud.
 Small parties – struggle to mobilise
 Utilize - big data, ai & scrutinize
money.
election-related data in real time.
 Ai based marketing - disparity &
 Capable of identifying discrepancies
provide a level playing field for
 Unusual patterns in voter small parties.
registrations & ballot submissions.
• Increase the surveillance of the election
process.

 Example - 2021 - bihar election

commission tied up with ai firm staqu
• Increase the outreach to local issues to
to use the video analytics with optical
individual voters, using their local dialects.
character recognition (ocr)
 Personalization - increase political
 Aim - analyse cctv footage from
awareness & promote informed voting
counting booths during the panchayat
decisions & ultimately benefiting the
elections.
marginalized communities.
• Voter education and awareness programme.

 Ai tailored deepfake video of a late

tamil nadu politician mr. Karunanidhi
surfaced on internet.
Challenges in using AI in elections.

• Spread misinformation, affecting the public

opinion and outcomes.

 Examples - a fake audio in the us of

• Lack of effective regulations.
president biden discouraging voting.
 Issue - ethical usage of ai and
• Mis-information - used to create communal
associated technology.
disharmony in the society for political
milieu.  Obselete it rules -2000 & ipc is
inefficient to mitigate the risks of
• Ai & big-data analytics - used for
misuse and ensure transparency.
increasing the surveillance & curbing the
personal liberty.

 Cambridge analytica scandal.

• Exclusion of the smaller parties.

Conclusion

• AI - double-edged sword with the potential

for disruption and ability to enhance the
democracy.

 Implement - measures to counteract

deepfakes and misinformation.

 Increase usage of ai - voter

education, fraud detection &
increased accessibility.
Indian Express
Pg: 11
Artificial intelligence( AI) SIMA:

• Simulation of human intelligence in • Scalable Instructible Multiword Agent

machines • Capable of playing with human beings.

• Learn from data, identify patterns, and • AI agent it can process data and act on
make decisions. its own.

• generalist AI Agent

Features:

• Understand and follow instructions

• Accomplish tasks or solve challenges assigned

• Capable of learning and adapting.

• Learn from its experiences and improves

over time
 Prelims Practice Question

Q. Which of the following statements about Artificial

Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) is
correct?
a) AI and ML are two terms used interchangeably
to describe the same concept.
b) AI is a subset of ML, focusing on algorithms that
enable computers to mimic human intelligence.
c) Deep Learning is a type of AI that doesn't utilize
neural networks.
d) ML is a subset of AI, encompassing algorithms
that allow machines to learn from data and make
predictions.
Indian Express
Pg: 8 , March 17
 • Decisions
United Nations General Assembly
 Important questions - Two-thirds
• Established in 1945.
majority
• Charter of the United Nations.
 Peace and security, admission of
• Chief deliberative, policymaking and new members and budgetary
representative organ of the United Nations. matters

• Universal representation - 193 Members of  Other questions - Simple majority.

the United Nations are represented in the
• Role - Standard-setting and the
General Assembly.
codification of international law.
• Unique forum - Multilateral discussion
• Annual General Assembly session - Full UN
involving international issues.
membership meets in the General
Assembly Hall in New York
 UNGA
President
• Elects - Nonpermanent members of
• Changes with each annual session
the Security Council and other UN
• Elected by the body itself.
bodies
 Secret ballot -simple majority.
• Appoints the secretary-general
• Empowered - to enforce rules of procedure. based on the Security Council’s
recommendation.
• Presidency rotates among the five regional groups
• Other functions
 Group of Asian states
 Consideration of the reports
 Group of Eastern European states
from the other UN organs
 Group of Latin American and Caribbean states Assessing the financial

 Group of African states situations of member states

 Western European and other states group.  Approves the UN budget.

 .

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. With reference to UN General Assembly
(UNGA), consider the following statements:
1. The UNGA is the only UN organ where all
member states have equal representation.
2. The Assembly may make recommendations
on any matters within the scope of the UN,
except matters of peace and security under
the Security Council's consideration.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Indian Express
Pg: 11
Karnataka ban.

• Food samples - artificial colouring - 107 of the

171 gobi manchurian samples & 15 of the 25

cotton candy samples.

• Order - banning the use of prohibited artificial

colour of rhodamine b in gobi manchurian and

cotton candy.
 What is Rhodamine B

• Chemical compound - Synthetic dyes for coloring

Part A—Prelims Examination
silk, jute, leather, cotton & wool.
PAPER-I

• Current events of national and international  cosmetics and plastics industries.

importance.
 Low cost - Popular choice for food coloring.
• General Science
• Harmful is Rhodamine B.

 Potential health hazards - Skin & eye

irritation, respiratory issues, and

carcinogenicity.
FSSAI’s approved food colours and flavours.
 Red colour from Ponceau 4R,
 Caramel,
 carmoisine, and Erythrosine,
 Riboflavin (Lactoflavin),
 Yellow colour (Tartrazine and Sunset Yellow
 Saffron,
FCF),

 Annatto,
 Blue colour (Indigo Carmine and Brilliant

 Curcumin (Turmeric), Blue FCF)

 Carotene and carotenoids - Beta-  Green colour (Fast Green FCF).

carotene,
 Practice Question – Mains
GS – III
Q. Elaborate the policy taken by the
Government of India to meet the
challenges of the food processing sector.
(15 Marks)
PRACTICE QUESTIONS
DISCUSSION
 Practice Question– Prelims
Q. Montana Accord recently in news, is related to
which of the following country.
a. Canada
b. Cuba
c. Haiti
d. USA
 .

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. With reference to UN General Assembly
(UNGA), consider the following statements:
1. The UNGA is the only UN organ where all
member states have equal representation.
2. The Assembly may make recommendations
on any matters within the scope of the UN,
except matters of peace and security under
the Security Council's consideration.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
 Prelims Practice Question

Q. Which of the following statements about Artificial

Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) is
correct?
a) AI and ML are two terms used interchangeably
to describe the same concept.
b) AI is a subset of ML, focusing on algorithms that
enable computers to mimic human intelligence.
c) Deep Learning is a type of AI that doesn't utilize
neural networks.
d) ML is a subset of AI, encompassing algorithms
that allow machines to learn from data and make
predictions.
 Practice Prelims question
Q. Which of the following statements about the IceCube
Neutrino Observatory is correct?
a) IceCube is located in the Arctic region, directly
under the North Pole.
b) IceCube primarily studies cosmic rays and their
interactions with Earth's atmosphere.
c) IceCube uses a network of undersea sensors to
detect neutrinos passing through the Earth.
d) IceCube's primary focus is the study of
gravitational waves emitted by distant celestial
objects
 Practice Question – Mains
GS – III
Q. Elaborate the policy taken by the
Government of India to meet the
challenges of the food processing sector.
(15 Marks)
Best Loot Deals
Telegram
Channel in India
Never Miss
Any Loot Deals Get Super Deals
Upto 85% Off

We Provide Here Daily

Big Loot Deals