Integration Rules and Formulas

Properties of the Integral:

Z b Z a Z b
(1) f (x) dx = − f (x) dx (6) F 0 (x) dx = F (b) − F (a)
a b a
Z a
(2) f (x) dx = 0 d
Z x
a (7) f (t) dt = f (x)
Z b Z b
dx a
(3) kf (x) dx = k f (x) dx
a a Z g(x)
d
Z b Z b Z b (8) f (t) dt = f (g(x)) · g 0 (x)
dx a
(4) [f (x) + g(x)] dx = f (x) dx + g(x) dx
a a a
b c b
Z g(x)
d
Z Z Z
(5) f (x) dx = f (x) dx + f (x) dx (a < c < b) (9) f (t) dt = f (g(x)) · g 0 (x) − f (h(x)) · h0 (x)
a a c
dx h(x)

Integration Formulas:
Z
xp+1
Z
p (11) sinh(x) dx = cosh(x) + C
(1) x dx = + C, p 6= −1
p+1
Z Z
(2) sin(x) dx = − cos(x) + C (12) cosh(x) dx = sinh(x) + C
Z Z
(3) cos(x) dx = sin(x) + C (13) ex dx = ex + C
Z
1 x
Z
(4) sec2 (x) dx = tan(x) + C (14) ax dx = a +C
ln(a)
Z
1
Z
(5) csc2 (x) dx = − cot(x) + C (15) dx = arctan(x) + C
1 + x2
Z
1
Z
(6) sec(x) tan(x) dx = sec(x) + C (16) √ dx = arcsin(x) + C
1 − x2
Z
1 1 u
Z
(7) csc(x) cot(x) dx = − csc(x) + C (17) du = arctan +C
a2 + u2 a a
Z
1 u
Z
1
(8) dx = ln | x | +C (18) √ du = arcsin +C
x a2 − u2 a
Z Z
1 1
(9) tan(x) dx = − ln | cos(x) | +C = ln | sec(x) | +C (19) cos2 (u) du = u + sin(u) cos(u) + C
2 2
Z Z
1 1
(10) sec(x) dx = ln | sec(x) + tan(x) | +C (20) sin2 (u) du = u − sin(u) cos(u) + C
2 2