1.

Short-response prompt (15 points)

Read the following passage from Franklin Delano Roosevelt's "Pearl Harbor Address to the

Nation":

Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 — a date which will live in infamy —

the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately
attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.

The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the
solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with its government
and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the
Pacific. . . .

It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it

obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even
weeks ago. During the intervening time, the Japanese government
has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false
statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.

Explain what Roosevelt means when he says that December 7th, 1941, is "a date which will live

in infamy." What central idea about the attack on Pearl Harbor does the description help convey,

and how does it help convey it?

What Roosevelt meant by that well it was to emphasize the historical nature of the events at the

Pearl Harbor when Japan attacked it and plus he told the Americans urging them to never forget
what happened meaning the attack and remember its dates. Japan was the one to attack the

United States they were the ones to surprise us. How it conveys its is that the words Pearl Harbor

help us to convey the central idea that the date of Pearl Harbor will forever be important to us no

matter what. Roosevelt mentioned those words because he said of how terrible it was for Japan

to attack the United States.

2. Short-response prompt (15 points)

Read the following passage from Winston Churchill's speech "Their Finest Hour." Churchill

delivered this speech to the House of Commons on June 18, 1940, shortly after Great Britain

suffered heavy losses at the Battle of France.

 Hitler knows that he will have to break us in this Island or lose the
war. If we can stand up to him, all Europe may be free and the life of
the world may move forward into broad, sunlit uplands. But if we
fail, then the whole world, including the United States, including all
that we have known and cared for, will sink into the abyss of a new
Dark Age made more sinister, and perhaps more protracted, by the
lights of perverted science. Let us therefore brace ourselves to our
duties, and so bear ourselves that, if the British Empire and its
Commonwealth last for a thousand years, men will still say, "This
was their finest hour."

In the passage, Churchill says that the world may "move forward into broad, sunlit uplands" or

"sink into the abyss of a new Dark Age." Based on your knowledge of the historical context of

World War II, explain what is compared in each of these metaphors. Then analyze how the

metaphors help fulfill Churchill's purpose of persuading the British people to persevere. In your

response, be sure to use specific details from the passage to support your analysis.

Well, the first metaphor I would think would be dating Hitler for once and all because he was a

really bad man he was not great back in the day. When we say Hitler knows that he will have to

break us in the island or lose the war meaning that we will not go down so easily we will keep

fighting until we win the war against Hitler. When they say this British Empire and its

Commonwealth lasted for a thousand years men will say this was their finest hour meaning that

when those men's actions were performed in a certain way they did not want to give up either

they wanted to fight as hard as they can to win the war.

3. Short-response prompt (15 points)

Read the following passage from Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Fireside Chat 19, which Roosevelt

delivered via radio on December 9, 1941 — two days after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor:

The course that Japan has followed for the past ten years in Asia
has paralleled the course of Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and in
Africa. Today, it has become far more than a parallel. It is actual
collaboration so well calculated that all the continents of the world,
and all the oceans, are now considered by the Axis strategists as
one gigantic battlefield.

In 1931, ten years ago, Japan invaded Manchukuo — without

warning.
In 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia — without warning.

In 1938, Hitler occupied Austria — without warning.

In 1939, Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia — without warning.

Later in '39, Hitler invaded Poland — without warning.

In 1940, Hitler invaded Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium,

and Luxembourg — without warning.

In 1940, Italy attacked France and later Greece — without warning.

And this year, in 1941, the Axis Powers attacked Yugoslavia and
Greece and they dominated the Balkans — without warning.

In 1941, also, Hitler invaded Russia — without warning.

 And now Japan has attacked Malaya and Thailand — and the United
States — without warning.

It is all of one pattern.

Write a short argument to answer the following question: Is the structure of the passage

effective? In your argument, consider what Roosevelt's central idea is and whether the structure

of the passage helps convey that idea clearly, persuasively, and memorably. You are writing an

argument, so make sure to include a clear claim and to respond to at least one counterclaim.

Also be sure to use specific details from the passage to develop your claim and counterclaim.

I think that none of these countries should have been attacked by Hitler because I do not think

that we did anything to him at all. I think that Roosevelt's central idea was the battle between the

good and evil strategies because Hitler was the one who started all of this he wanted to gain more

power like Hitler invading Austria without warning also Hitler invading Czechoslovakia and also

Hitler again invading Poland other countries I think that Hitler was the main problem. I am

saying yes that this passage is effective to me because of Hitler he was the one invading the

countries not us we did not do anything to him.