Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the module, participants should be able to:
Energy Policy
Energy Committee
Organization
Preparation Set up EM Component
Awareness Training
Accreditation Scheme
System Integration
Integrate to ISO/ TPM
Procedural 3Training
Benchmarking in Building
WHAT IS BEI ? LABEL CONCEPT
• A benchmarking tool in monitoring building energy Star range:
performance by indicating the intensity of energy used per 1 Star: Highly inefficient
meter square area of the building 5 Star: Most efficient
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Tools for Energy Monitoring
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Requirements need to comply
Primary
- Safety and legislations
General - Data confidentiality
- System and equipment standard
Rules - Competency of teams
Secondary
- Energy Efficiency
- Material Efficiency
- Manpower Efficiency
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Energy Audit Definition
• A systematic inspection and analysis of
energy use and consumption of audited
object(s) to identify energy flows, potential
opportunities and monitoring & verification
for improving energy performance and
reporting them.
• Objectives of Energy Audit
- To understand current energy management practices
- To reduce the energy consumption without
compromising safety, comfort, and quality of the
facilities
- To understand energy consumption in the
building/industry
- To establish baseline energy performance
- To identify area of energy wastage and potential
energy improvement 8
Energy Audit Needs and Types
Type Description
-Evaluating energy consumption in general
-energy bill analysis and determining EEI (BEI/SEC)
Walk-through/
-Identifying areas for potential savings in general using experience
Preliminary audit
and ‘rule of thumb’
-No systematic measurement
-Using input from preliminary audit
-Identification of energy sources and end-users and apportionment
-Determination of equipment and system performance
Detailed audit -Performance evaluation with reference to design/standards
-Investigation and measurement to identify potential savings
-Analysis of saving measures using and technical and economic
evaluation.
-Input from detail audit
-Involve high cost, complex system
Investment -Require financing
Grade Audit -Perform ROI, IRR and risk analysis
-Longer period for investigation and monitoring 9
Execution steps of preliminary energy
audit
• 1-2 days
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Execution steps of detailed energy
audit
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Determining type of audit needed
Question to help you determine your If your answer is “YES” the we If your answer is” NO” then we
audit needs recommend . . . recommend . . .
Do you want to evaluate the overall Detailed Energy Audit Walk-through/preliminary or selected
opportunity potential in your facility? system/equipment energy audit
Have some energy efficiency projects Perform M&V to verify the actual Walk-through/preliminary energy audit
been installed? saving. If the energy target is not
achievable medium/high cost ECM
will be considered
Do you have limited funds to spent on Walk-through/preliminary energy Detailed Energy Audit
an audit? audit
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Resources needed for energy audits
Instruments
Permanent and portable
Auditors
Company staff or
external auditor
Energy records
Overall co-ordination
and support
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Methods and
Approaches in
Energy
Auditing
Cont. 17
(1) Kick-off Meeting
(1) Kick-off Meeting
• Objectives
• Scope / Boundary
Energy Audit Kick Off
• Timeline
• Deliverable
• Report Format
• Requirement (Safety & Document Confidentiality)
• Contact Person
• Walk through audit to the facility
Purpose of Kick-off meeting
The purpose of the kick off meeting is to:
• Brief the client about the audit process.
• Introduce energy auditing team members to the client and request members from
client side.
• Present to the client a list of document, manuals, records, drawings required for
conducting the desk-top data collection.
• Obtain permission for the team members to have access to the client’s facilities.
• Familiarize the audit team members with the client’s safety procedures.
• Agree on the process of coordinating the Energy Auditing team activities and data
collection. It is recommended to appoint one technical person from the client’s side
and one from the energy auditing team’s side to coordinate all auditing activities. This
would help to smoothen the Energy Auditing process.
• Provision of office area for the auditing team.
• Agree on a detailed time schedule for carrying various outside Energy Audit activities.
• Inspect the client’s facilities to establish strategies for field inspections, data collection
and measurements.
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(2) Desktop Data Collection
Desktop Data Collection
The purpose of desktop data collection is to minimize the field
energy related data collection by using all available facility
data. It would be advisable during the initial process to collect
preliminary building energy related data using a Facility Detail
Audit Form for better understanding for planning stage.
– E.g. Mechanical & Electrical Diagram, Architectural
drawings, Process flow diagram, Energy bill historical
data, lighting drawings, air conditioning system drawing
and design manuals, load control systems including
timers, automation System if any and others.
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(3) Field Data Collection
List of activities during on-site survey
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(3) Field Data Collection
• Field Data Collection
– Completing the missing data, which the Auditor could not
find during the desktop data collection process
– Verifying the accuracy of desktop data
– Understanding closely the building operations, make
observations about energy wastes and building
maintenance status
– Carrying out load profiling and load apportioning
– Carrying out necessary field measurements required
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(3) Field Data Collection
1. Inspection of the energy and utilities supply system
– Walk through inspection, note the location of the system in the
layout plan to identify points where to conduct measurements
– List of process and utility areas to be checked and audited:
• Boiler house • Water supply and water treatment
• Energy intake stations for electricity facilities
and natural gas • Distribution systems for electricity,
• Compressed air stations steam compressed air and other
• Refrigeration systems media
• Lighting and large ventilation • Milling equipment/other
systems equipment
• Motors/Fans • Cooling tower
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(3) Field Data Collection
2. Inspection of the process units
– Draw a simple block diagram for each element of the process flow
(process unit). Then, identify material and energy flows during
the inspection tour.
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(4) Data Analysis & Finding
3. Cross Checking of Load Demand Data
– Energy management finding i.e Energy matrix
– Technical finding
• i.e. load apportioning, COP chiller, air ratio, steam trap
– Propose Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs)
– Financial plan
– Implementation plan
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Sample End-Load Apportioning
Annual Consumption (kWh)
Lighting
13.9% AHU + FCU
13.5%
Sample of technical finding : Losses in
Process/System/ Equipment
-Steam System
Convection loss
Process
Air
Combustion loss
Fuel
Leakage loss
Blowdown loss Condensate loss
Types of energy saving measures
Measures Example
33
Energy review output
• Energy use and consumption
– current energy sources;
– past and present energy use and consumption analysis;
• Areas of significant energy use (SEU)
– identify the facilities, equipment, systems, processes and personnel working for, or on behalf
of, the organization that significantly affect energy use and consumption;
– identify other relevant variables affecting significant energy uses;
– determine the current energy performance of facilities, equipment, systems and processes
related to identified significant energy uses;
– estimate future energy use and consumption;
• Prioritized and recorded opportunities for improving energy performance.
• The energy review shall be updated at defined intervals, as well as in response
to major changes in facilities, equipment, systems, or processes.
• Energy baseline
• Energy performance indicators
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Guideline to Energy Manager to kick-start the
implementation
• Step 1 – Analyse & evaluate propose ECM
• Step 2 – Present to EMC to get approval
• Step 3 - Immediately implement no/low cost measures
• Step 4 – Consider EPC for high cost investment
• Step 5 – Perform M&V for pre and post retrofitting project
• Step 6 – Monitoring energy performance indicator and
reporting to EMC
• Step 7 – Management review for system and energy saving
achievement
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Sample of GOOD Report by ESCO
1. Energy Audit Report follow
Format provided in Technical
Specification
2. Complete information provided in
report
3. Good analysis and findings
4. Recommendation provided with
clear explanation and required
action or guidance to client on
how to implement the
recommendation
5. Availability of Implementation of
Action Plan, Priority, Schedule,
Sustainability and Financial Plan
in the report
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Sample of Propose ECM by ESCO
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Sample Reporting Format to Energy
Management Committee
By ESCO Monitoring
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Basic Equipment for Measurement and
Monitoring
Equipment How it look Function Application
Portable To measure Measure electrical
Energy electrical parameter in any electrical
Analyser parameters installation
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Sample of CLIENT Information Survey
42
Sample of CLIENT Information Survey
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What is Energy Performance Contracting
(EPC)?
• Financing tool for energy efficiency project
• Profit gain through cost saving from the project
• Transfer the risk from the building owner to Energy Service
Company (ESCO) based on the performance guarantee of the
energy efficiency project
• Service contract provided by the ESCO to the client to implement
energy efficient project
• The service inclusive of consultation, energy audit and project
implementation
• Appointment of ESCO based on the competency, expertise,
technical and financial capability
How EPC Works for ECMs implementation?
Electricity Bil,
RM
RM 100,000 baseline
Payment to ESCO Savings to Owner
(RM 20,000) (RM 20,000)
80,000kwH
Timeline
0 Before During 5 year After
(Years)
implementation implementation implementation
of EPC of EPC of EPC
(Subject to the same Tariff)
46
Sharing of cost savings through EPC Concept
Electricity Bil,
RM Baseline
time
Before implementation of During implementation of After implementation of (year)
EPC EPC EPC
47
Benefits of EPC to the Company/Industry
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