CONTENTS

Accounting 5

Computer Science 30

Hotel Management 41

सामाजिक अध्ययन तथा िीवनोपयोगी जिक्षा 47

Compulsory English 57

अजनवायय नेपाली 74

Tourism and Mountaineering Studies 98

Mathematics 103

Business Mathematics 118

Business Studies 131

Economics 136
 MODEL QUESTION SET I
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Business Studies P.M : 27
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP ‘A’
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. Explain management as a group activity.
2. Write any two major limitation of scientific management.
3. Write the different types of plan on the basis of time.
4. What is group decision making?
5. What is a geographic structure?
6. Define matrix organization.
7. What is autocratic leadership?
8. Define input control.
9. Mention any two role of supervisor.
10. What is positive motivation?
11. Enlist the conflict management process.
GROUP “B”
(Short Answer Questions) (8x5=40)
12. Describe why management is a profession.
13. Define scientific management theory and explain its principles.
14. Explain the major procedures of planning.
Or
Difference between centralization and decentralization of authority.
15. What is centralization? Explain its advantages.
16. Briefly explain about the leadership styles.
17. Draft an inquiry letter in English to A One Trading Concern Lalitpur on
behalf of Janakpur Trading concern about their new products and methods
of doing business.
Or
Explain the various types of communication.
18. Give a general outline of the structure of a business letter.
19. Explain any five techniques of employee motivation.
GROUP “C”
(Long Answer questions) (3x8=24)
20. Discuss the fundamental principle of organizing. How far are they
applicable in modern organizations? Write.
21. What is divisional organizational structure? Explain its advantages and
disadvantages.
22. Explain the Herzberg's dual factor theory of motivation of employees.
Or
What is communication? Explain its principles.
All the Best

131
 MODEL QUESTION SET II
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Business Studies P.M : 27
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP ‘A’
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. Enlist the hierarchy of management.
2. Write any two criticism of administrative theory.
3. What do you mean by operational plan?
4. Define programmed decision.
5. Write about decentralization.
6. What is network organization?
7. What is quality management?
8. What is negative motivation?
9. What is feedback control?
10. What is diagonal communication?
11. Define physiological needs.
GROUP “B”
(Short Answer Questions) (8x5=40)
12. Describe the functions of management with examples.
13. What are the major contributions of scientific management theory?
14. Discuss the process of rational decision making.
Or
Define participative leadership? Explain its advantages.
15. Discuss the limitations of planning.
16. Explain the qualities of good leadership.
17. Define controlling? Describe its features.
Or
Explain the level of management.
18. write an order letter in English for the supply of 40 pieces of table, 20
pieces of chair and 10 pieces of sofa to the M/S Mohan Store Jhapa.
19. Describe the major barriers to effective communication.
GROUP “C”
(Long Answer questions) (3x8=24)
20. What is delegation of authority? Elaborate its principle.
21. What is departmentalization? Discuss the various methods of
departmentalization in an organization.
22. "Business plan is a roadmap of commencement and operation of business."
Justify this statement.
Or
Describe the general principle of management.

132
 MODEL QUESTION SET III
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Business Studies P.M : 27
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP ‘A’
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. Why management is a universal activity?
2. State any two benefits of planning
3. Who are involved in basic decision and why?
4. Draw a functional organization structure.
5. Define vertical communication
6. Define motivation.
7. Who are supervisor?
8. State any four components of quality management.
9. What is talent management?
10. Why supply chain management is important for an organization?
11. State any two qualities of good business letter.
GROUP “B”
(Short Answer Questions) (8x5=40)
12. “Management is a science”. Explain.
13. Briefly discuss the Taylor’s scientific management theory.
14. Briefly describe the limitations of planning in a business organization.
Or
Why decision-making is important? Explain
15. What is departmentalization? Discuss the various bases of
departmentalization in an organization.
16. Analyze the managerial qualities of a leader.
17. Elucidate physical barriers of effective communication.
Or
Describe the types of control system used by modern organizations.
18. Discuss the importance of talent management for an organization.
19. Draft an application letter for the post of Receptionist required to the
unique concern.
GROUP “C”
(Long Answer questions) (3x8=24)
20. Why managers are reluctant to delegate authority to subordinates? State
any three differences between delegation and decentralization of authority.
(5+3)
21. What is Maslow’s need hierarchy theory? Explain each stage of Maslow’s
needs hierarchy theory. (2+6)
22. What is business plan? Explain the process of formulation of a rational
business plan. (2+6)
Or, Explain the steps in decision-making process.

133
 MODEL QUESTION SET IV
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Business Studies P.M : 27
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP ‘A’
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. Mention the features of management.
2. What do you mean by tactical plan?
3. Define non-programmed decision.
4. Draw a figure of matrix organization structure.
5. Define horizontal communication.
6. Who propounded two-factor theory?
7. Define autocratic leadership.
8. Define family business management.
9. Define intrapersonal conflict.
10. What is the meaning of role incompatibility?
11. Mention four significance of business plan.
GROUP “B”
(Short Answer Questions) (8x5=40)
12. Why management is referred to as an art? Explain.
13. Briefly, discuss H.Fayol’sadministrative management theory.
14. Why top managers are unwilling to delegate authority? Discuss
Or
Explain the types of managerial decisions.
15. Discuss the need for planning.
16. Analyze the personal qualities of a leader.
17. Explain the principles of effective communication.
Or
Explain the essentials of effective control.
18. Define quality management. Discuss its components.
19. Discuss the qualities of good business letter.
GROUP “C”
(Long Answer questions) (3x8=24)
20. Define organizing. Explain in brief, organizing process.
21. Explain the Herzberg’s dual factor theory of motivation of the employees.
Discuss the similarities and dissimilarities between Maslow and Herzberg.
(4+4)
22. Formulate a business plan including its major elements.
Or
What is conflict management? What do you think, what could be the cause
of conflict in an organization? (2+6)

134
 MODEL QUESTION SET V
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Business Studies P.M : 27
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP ‘A’
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. Why management is multidisciplinary in nature?
2. State any two importance of decision-making.
3. Define delegation of authority.
4. Who are responsible for the formulation of strategic plan?
5. What is diagonal communication?
6. Why motivation is important for employee?
7. What do you mean by leadership?
8. State any two features of family business management.
9. What is quality management?
10. Why talent management is important for an organization?
11. Write any two significance of business plan.
GROUP “B”
(Short Answer Questions) (8x5=40)
12. What are levels of management? Explain the functions of top level of
management.
13. Briefly discuss the Fayol’s scientific management theory.
14. Briefly describe the guidelines for effective delegation of authority.
Or
Define planning. Explain its benefits.
15. Discuss the steps in decision-making process.
16. Discuss the essentials of effective control.
17. Define communication and show the importance of communication in
business.
Or
Explain the various factors of governing effective supervision.
18. What do you mean by family business? Explain the importance of family
business management.
19. Draft a complaint letter in English to the sales manager of Lumbini Store for
the supply of 30 defective bulbs and 15 damaged fans.
GROUP “C”
(Long Answer questions) (3x8=24)
20. What are the functions of managerial leadership? Explain
the advantages and disadvantages of democratic leadership.
(4+4)
21. Describe about the procedures of planning.
22. Explain the contents or elements of a rational business plan.
Or
Explain the importance of communication to operate modern business. Explain
its types with diagram. (3+5)

135
 MODEL QUESTION SET I
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Economics P.M : 30
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP "A"
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. What is opportunity cost?
2. If total revenue of a firm in Rs. 6000 and total cost is Rs. 4800, then find
the total profit by using formula.
3. What is Central Bank?
4. Write any two examples of indirect tax.
5. Mention any two importance of human resources for the economic
development.
6. What is Word Trade Organization?
7. Write any two problems of Nepalese foreign trade.
8. Write any two uses of statistics in economics.
9. Why census method of collecting data is more expensive than sampling
method.
10. Find the value of 'x' if the mean of given data is 22
Income : 15,20,x,12,30,35
11. If Q3 is 9 and Q1 is 3, Find quartile deviation of the data.
GROUP “B”
(Short Answer Questions) (8x5=40)
12. Explain the concept of Production Possibility curve using diagram.
Or
What is Capitalist economy? Explain its features.
13. Explain the Uncertainty bearing theory of profit. Mention its weakness.
14. Answer the following questions based on the given table.
Units of Price in Total Revenue Marginal Average
good sold No. (TR) Revenue (MR) Revenue (AR)
1 20 - - -
2 16 - - -
3 12 - - -
4 8 - - -
a. Complete the given table.
b. Draw average and marginal cost curves from the completed table.
15. Let the cost function TC = 20 + 2Q2 and demand function P = 100-4Q.
Find profit maximizing quantity, price and maximum profit.
16. What is monetary policy? Explain its types.

136
17. Evaluate the efforts made by government for the reduction of poverty in
Nepal.
18. Explain SDG in contest of Nepal.
19. Find the standard deviation from the given data and interpret the result.
Wages No. No. of labour
7 4
11 5
13 3
16 5
18 2
Or
Find Paasche's price Index number from the given data and interpret the
result.
Commodities 2005 2010
Price Quantity Price Quantity
Rice 2 8 4 2
Wheat 5 10 6 6
Maize 4 14 5 13
Millet 2 19 2 20
GROUP "C"
Long answer questions (3x8=24)
20. Consider the given table to answer the following questions:
Output TFC TVC TC AC MC AVC
0 100 0 100
1 100 24 24
2 100 72 86
3 100 140
4 100 324 81

a. Complete the table by computing the total, average and marginal costs.
(2)
b. Draw the AC, MC and AVC curves from the completed table. (6)
21. Why Public finance is considered important in an economy? Explain.
22. Analyze the relationship between decent work and economics growth in
Nepal.
Or
Explain the causes of Unemployment in Nepal and Solution for reducing
Unemployment in Nepal.
Best f Luck

137
 MODEL QUESTION SET II
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Economics P.M : 30
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP "A"
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. What is socialist economy?
2. If total cost is Rs. 2000 and total revenue is Rs. 2400, find the total profit
by using the formula.
3. Define money market.
4. Write the meaning of free trade.
5. What is unemployment?
6. Write full form of SAFTA.
7. Write the meaning of economic growth.
8. Write any two uses of statistics in economics.
9. Why primary data is more reliable than secondary data?
10. Find the value of 'x'. If the mean of given data is 8.
Income : 4,6,8,x,14
11. Find standard deviation if S  fx = 100, N=20 and Sfx2 = 4000
GROUP “B”
(Short Answer Questions) (8x5=40)
12. Explain the features of mixed economy.
Or
Explain the scarcity and choice with example.
13. Describe the Risk bearing theory of profit with diagram.
14. Answer the following questions based on the given table.
Units of Price in Total Revenue Marginal Average
good sold No. (TR) Revenue (MR) Revenue (AR)
1 10 - - -
2 8 - - -
3 6 - - -
4 4 - - -
a. Complete the given table. (2)
b. Draw TR, AR and MR. (3)
15. What is Monopoly? How are equilibrium price and output determined
under it in short run?
16. Evaluate the Government of Nepal has not been able to create employment
opportunities inside the country.
17. Explain the process of plan formulation in Nepal.

138
18. Explain causes of not achieving goals of planned development in Nepal.
19. Calculate the standard deviation from the following
Income 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100
families 2 2 3 2 5
Or
Calculate the Price Index number by using Laspeyre's method.
Commodities 2005 2010
Price Quantity Price Quantity
Rice 2 8 4 2
Wheat 5 10 6 6
Maize 4 14 5 13
Millet 2 19 2 20
GROUP "C"
Long answer questions. (3x8=24)
20. Consider the given table to answer the following questions:
Output TFC TVC TC AC MC AVC
0 30 0 30
1 30 45 45
2 30 60 90
3 30 100
4 30 200 50
a. Complete the given table. (2)
b. Draw the AC, MC and AVC curves from the completed table. (6)
21. Why Capital expenditure plays vital role for the economic development
of the country? Describe.
22. Explain causes of poverty and methods to reduce poverty in Nepal.
Or
"Remittance plays vital role to reduce poverty in Nepal." Justify.

Best f Luck

139
 MODEL QUESTION SET III
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Economics P.M : 30
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP "A"
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. Write any two features of Command economy.
2. If total Profit is 500 and total cost is Rs 3500 then find the total revenue.
3. What is Government revenue?
4. Write any two differences between balance of trade and balance of
payments.
5. Write any two basic components of Human Development Index.
6. What is Protection trade?
7. Write any two negative impact of foreign employment in Nepalese
economy.
8. Explain the meaning of Absolute Poverty.
9. Compare real wage and nominal wage.
10. Find the median from the given data
6, 4, 2, 1, 5, 3, 7
11. Find the value of ‘x’ if the mean of given data is 16.
10, 12, X, 18, 26
GROUP "B"
Short Answer questions (8x5=40)
12. What is allocation of resources? Discuss about the problem of allocation
of resources.
Or
What is Market economy? Explain its features.
13. Explain classical theory of interest.
14. Answer the following question based on the given table:
Units of Price in Rs Total Marginal Average
goods sold revenue revenue revenue
1 10
2 20
3 30
4 40
- Complete the given table 2
- Draw marginal and Average revenue curves from the completed table 2
- Interpret the market 1

140
15. Derivate short run total cost curve.
16. Describe the process of budget formulation in Nepal.
17. Evaluate causes of increasing unemployment in Nepal.
18. What measures do you suggest to prepare skilled human resources in
Nepal.
19. Find the standard deviation from the given data and interpret the result.
Wages (Rs) 15 22 26 32 35
No of Labour 4 5 3 6 2
[Or]
Find Paasche’s Price Index Number from the given data and interpret the result
Types of 2070 BS 2077 BS
Goods Per unit Price Quantity of Per unit Quantity of
in Rs goods in Kg Price in Rs goods in Kg
A 8 12 15 15
B 9 22 12 19
C 12 11 18 19
D 5 20 10 25
GROUP "C"
Long answer questions (3x8=24)
20. How equilibrium price and output are determine in short run by firm using
MR–MC approach under Perfect Competition Market? Explain.
21. Why Government borrowing is important for Nepalese economy? Give
reasons.
22. Explain the composition of Nepalese Foreign Trade.
Or
“Contribution of Foreign Employment can’t be ignored while discussing
Nepalese Economy” Justify.

Best of Luck

141
 MODEL QUESTION SET IV
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Economics P.M : 30
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP "A"
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. What do you mean by scarcity of resources?
2. Write the meaning of Average revenue.
3. Mention any four features of perfect competition.
4. Distinguish between nominal wage and real wage.
5. Mention any one difference between money & capital market.
6. Why is indirect tax convenient to the taxpayers?
7. What is human development index (HDI)?
8. Mention any two advantages of foreign employment and remittance.
9. Explain any two importance of mathematics in economics.
10. Find Mean from the following data:
X 10 20 30 40 50 60
f 2 8 9 2 3 1
11. Find the range from following data : 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30.
GROUP "B"
Short answer questions
Answer all the questions (8x5=40)
12. Write short note on shift in PPC.
Or,
Describe disadvantages of division of labour.
13. Describe "Ricardian theory of Rent."
14. Explain the importance of banking system.
15. Derive AR , MR and TR curves under perfect competition .
16. Write differences between BOT and BOP.
17. What is poverty? Explain the causes of poverty.
18. What is Human Resource? How to develop human resource in context of
Nepal.
19. Calculate the prime index number using laspeyre’s method from the
following:
Commodity Base Year (2005) Current Year (2010)
Price (RS) Quantity (KG) Price (RS) Quantity (KG)
Rice 20 8 40 6

142
 Commodity Base Year (2005) Current Year (2010)
Price (RS) Quantity (KG) Price (RS) Quantity (KG)
Wheat 50 10 60 5
Maize 40 14 50 16
Millet 20 19 20 18
Or,
Calculate standard deviation (SD) and interpret the result from the
following data: (5)
Marks 10– 20 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60
No. of students 2 10 11 8 15
GROUP "C"
Long Answer Questions
Attempt all questions (3x8=24)
20. How is price and output determined under Monopoly according to MR,
MC approach?
21. What is tax? Explain the characteristics of a good tax system.
22. Explain the causes of unemployment in Nepal with remedies to minimize
unemployment
Or
Evaluate why foreign employment and remittance has both advantages
and disadvantages in Nepalese economy.

Best of Luck

143
 MODEL QUESTION SET V
Grade : XII Time : 3 hours F.M : 75
Subject : Economics P.M : 30
Candidates are required to give their answer in their own words as far as practicable. The
figures in the margin indicate full marks.
GROUP "A"
(Very Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) (11x1=11)
1. What is production possibility curve?
2. If the total revenue of a firm from the sale of 20 ice cream is Rs. 1,250 and
21 ice cream is Rs. 1,500 respectively, find marginal revenue.
3. Define contractionary monetary policy.
4. Point out any four importance of government finance.
5. What is Human Development Index (HDI)?
6. Describe the concept of balance of payment.
7. What is remittance?
8. How many goals are there in SDGs?
9. Define statistics in plural sense.
10. Why sampling method is more economical than census method?
11. If standard deviation (σ) = 12.96 and mean (X) = 31, then find coefficient
of variation (CV).
GROUP "B"
(Short Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) [8 x 5 = 40]
12. What are the advantages of division of labour? Explain. (5)
(Or)
Explain choice & opportunity cost with example. (5)
13. Explain wage fund theory. (5)
14. Show the relationship between average cost (AC) and marginal cost
(MC). (5)
15. Calculate the equilibrium level of price and output from the following
information:
Demand function: P = 20 – Q
Cost function: (TC) = 2 + 8Q + Q2
16. Define proportional, progressive, regressive and digressive taxes. (5)
17. Explain the measures of poverty reduction. (5)
18. Describe any four disadvantages of foreign employment of Nepal. (5)
19. Calculate standard deviation (SD) and interpret the result from the
following data: (5)
Marks 0 – 20 20 – 40 40 – 60 60 – 80 80 – 100
No. of students 8 20 50 70 80
(Or)

144
 Find out the mean deviation from mean and its coefficient from the data
given below: (5)
Class 0-3 3-6 6-9 9-12 12-15 15-18 18-21
Frequency 2 7 10 12 9 6 4
GROUP "C"
(Long Answer Questions)
(Attempt All Questions) [3X8=24]
20. Derive and explain the short-run average cost curves. (8)
21. What is commercial bank? Explain its functions. (1+7=8)
22. Examine the growth and composition of Nepalese foreign trade. (4+4=8)
Or
What is the impact of remittance and foreign employment in Nepal

Best of Luck

145