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Most Essential Learning Competencies

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Solve rational equations and inequalities
Solve problems involving rational equations

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 Example No. Z
Example No
. 3 solve for X
Solve the rational equation
↓

X - S
=
2x
+
+ =
x + 7 E
I
STEP
LCD =
4X
STEP/(X + 7) (17) LCD
STEP & S STEP 3

=) (= )(4x)
STEP

(4x)(ix
2
=
+

-j(x
X - S
(x 7) (17) -
+ 7) (17)

=
#
2
x 7 -
-
1
+

(17) (X 5) 5(x 2 + 5X 12
7)
= =
+
-

=
2 + 5X
O 5X 2

4
2 2
-
+ + = 12 -

2
*=
+ 5X =
12
17X 85 = 5x + 35 5x =
12 -

2
STEP 3
-

X - 2
17X 5x 85 + 35 5X 10
-
- = =

=
12 x
X =
2
12

X 10
=
↓
4 Le+
=
STEP x =
2 +
zx

STEP 4
let
S
X = 10
+
=
i
X -

* E
x + 7 E
+ =
3/2
=T
5

5 M 5
4/4 = 3/2

3/2 % 3/2
# T
=
 STEP 2 Multiply LCD to both side

Eliminating Extraneous Solutions

.

x2y) (x Ex 3) (X
I
(x -

x(x -

1(x -

3
+ =

+
-

3)(X 1) -

Solve the equation

3)( 1)
2(x
-x3
3)(X 1)
I 2 (x
f(x 3)/XD(2X)
- -

2x
-

t -

X -

3 X -

1 x2 -

4x + 3
= x2 -
4x + 3
x1

STEP / Find the least common

denominator
- STEP3 (X -

1) + (X 3)(2x)
-
=
2

x 1 +
(2X2 6X) 2
-

- =

2
x 4x + 3 + (X -

3)(X -

1) X -1 + 2x2 -

4X =
2
factors
2x 2 - 6x + X- 1
-
2 =
0
LCD (x 3)(x 1
= -

2x2 - 5X -

3 =
0 2
= +
x
-2
-

STEP 4
=
Le + x
=
x

(2x
4x 3
3(X
3 X +

3)
-

+ 1 -
=
0

5 23(37 - 4(3
2
+ -

3-

2 2x + 1 0 >
-

x
I
=
2x =
2

t
+ -

q 12 + 3
-

X -

3 x -

1 x2 -

4x + 3 X -

3 = 0 + X 3 -
=
↑
2((z) 2
↳ under
I
-

+ =

1 2
)
-
3
(((z) -

1 ( 12) 4(- -

2) + 3
The solution X =
9 Is

solution
-

27 + 43 = an extraneous
of the given rational equation
8/2 /8/21
 Solution

Practice Problems
. I 3x + 1
3 I
(3x + 5)
3x + 1
=
5(3X +5)
-5 3x + 5

3x + 5 3x + 1 = 15x + 25
13x + 1
-5 1
LCD :
3x + 5
-

25 + 1 =
15X -
3X
3x + 5
-

24 = -

12x
2
Multiply LCD both side :

4X -
3 17 x =
-

2
- 3x + 1
(3x + 5) 5(3x +5)
18
=

Z 4x -
2 3x + 5

4 3x + 1
- 5 -
6 + 1
3x + 5 = G
x + 3 I 1 -

6 + b
= =

3(- 2) + 1
5
x 4
-
+
3 4
=

+
* * 3( 2)

=
-
+S

x + 3 I 1
= =

- =

3 x +
4 * x +
4
TRUE
4X -
3 17
solution X /
-

:
- =

Z 4x 2 18 extraneous X
solution 4
-
: = -

using cross
multiplication note

-I +
x4 =
* there will
17 be cases where
4x -
3
-

18 a rational equation may

4x

,
2

x
-

= show an extraneous solution

using a
different method for
18(4x -
3) = 17)4X -
2)
x +
4
- solving X
12x 54
-
- =
68X -
34 x+ 4 X
72x 68x
34
-

=
54 -
In this case
, X = 1 is the
I
I -
-
solution but X = -4 is the
4X =
20 X
extraneous solution
.
X = 5
X E I
 interval notation set -
Builder Notation

K = 1 . 5 [ 1 .
5] 2k/k = 1 .

54
↳ I I I >
-
r
I
1 5
2
.
-

① I 2
k 1 5
> (1 5 &
3
.

& k)k > 1 5

.

, .

1 0-
i
!

- I
1 -
5 d

Locating a number on
K < 1 S ( 0 1 5)
2k/k
-
.

53
.
,
< 1
number line &
.

its interval and 1-e

-5 3
i
-

Set-builder notation .
-2 y I d

K7/ 15
[1 .
5
, 2) & k/k >, 1 .

54
-T >
Liz i
I I

y I 1 5
. d
K 4 1 . 5 ( - 0
,
1 .

57 & k/k < 1 .

57
< ⑳ >
Liz i
I I

y I 1 5
- d

K + 1 5 . (
-
0
, 1 .
5) U (1 , 5
, 3) & k/k = R ,
k * 1 .

53
1..< ..-
-2 i y I
1 .
5 d
Solving rational inequalities
Example NO . 1 :

x O

solve the inequality

STEP I
* >
-
x -
1
O
x+
4 X+ 2

For numerator j For denominator

④ x -

1
=
0 x + 4 = 0

STEP
Z

X -

1 = 0 x + 4 =
0
* 1
=
x 4
-
=

the critical numbers are -

4 and I

STEP 3
O ⑳
12]

1
- O I

The intervals are (4 ,

-4) (-4 , 1) , (1 , 2)
,
STEP 4
G Example No
. 2
x*2 2
solve the
inequality
STEP I
Interval (4 , -4) (4 1),
(1 , 2)
Test number
-
5 O 2 4 4
-

27 , 2 -
x
-

270
x+ + 2
(X -

1) -
6- -

I I

(X + 4)
-

1- 4 C
4 2(x +

2),
x + 2

X 1
"4 Y6
-

6
-

4
+ 4
- 2x -

x +
4 x + 2

solution Zx
-
-

set X Y x+ 2
O

STEP 2

For the #Or the denominator

numerator

STEP 5 Write the solution set -

2x = 0 X + 2 =
0

i
-

2x =
O X =
-

2
-
2 -
1 0 1 X =
G
-

4 O I
critical values are 2 and O
The solution (4 1)
-

set is ,
STEP 3 STEP S

-
I ↑ ( . & C
↳ I 1 ( · I I & -

4
-

3 -

2
-
1 ↳ I 2

3 I ↳ I
4 I 2
-
- - -

The solution set is the interval (-2 , 0

The intervals are
- 2 .
-

2)
,
( 2
, 0] and [0 x) ,

EXAMPLE 3 x + 3
O
Solve the inequality X 4
2 -

5X +

STEP 4

Interval ( - a ,
-

2) ( 2, 07 [0 , a) STEP I

Test number 3 I I x + 3
O
- -

-
2x G 2
-

2 X
2 -

5X + 4
x + 2 -
I & 3
STEP 2
-
2x 2
-
G Z
x+ 2 3 For numerator For denominator
solution X
2
5x + 4 =
0
x+ 0
-

3 =
set
* / X
(X -

1)(X -
4) =
0
e x = -

3
X +2
7
X 1 X 4
;
= =
 STEP 3

STEP S

-234 -
3 -
2 -
I Do-
3 -
2 - 23 4

The intervals are The solution set is the interval

l -
a ,
-

3) (3 , 1) (1 4) and (4 2)
.
,
, ( - 0
.
3]U(1 , 4)
,

STEP 4

TRY THIS OUT

amerisiois" ( e & * 7 5
> 5
*

x + 3
2
2x + 10
2
(x -

47(X 1)
-

> D
2x + 16X + 14
solution
set
1 X / X