What is AI?

Creation of intelligent agents or systems that can reason, learn and act autonomously. Used
from gaming to medical diagnosis.
Create machines that think/behave like humans- not identical but to perform tasks that are
perceived to require human intelligence.

Currently:
Auto speech recognition (ASR) transcribe spoken language to text – algorithms and
language models to analyse acoustic properties of speech and generate a response in
text or speech e.g. google speech recognition – algorithms to transcribe spoken
words in real time for applications e.g. search, virtual assistant. Amazon Alexa to
recognise spoken command with response. Become accurate over time and can
recognise accents, dialects
Customer service- scalable cost-effective solution to provide customer support
(efficient). Used for FAQ , NLP or natural language processing using machine learning
algorithms to interpret and respond in real time. Can analyse customer interactions
and feedback to identify patterns and optimize CS agent industry. Can if effective,
provide faster accurate personalised support and reduce cost.
Computer vision- enables interpretation and analysis of visual information- deep
learning algorithms and neural networks to teach machines to recognise patterns,
objects and images. Used in image and video recognition e.g. health, self driving cars
to recognise traffic signs, peds. Medical images to interpret and identify diease.
Retail to track customer behaviour.
Robotics- increased versatility and adaptive such as simple automation, exploration
and disaster relief. AI robots can adapt to environments based on data inputs. Can be
used in manufacturing to detect faults, assist surgical procedures and drones to
distribute disaster relief.

195
0s Alan Turing publishes Coputing Machinery and Intelligence- Can machines think? Introduced the Turing test or imitation game which was the benchmark of machine
Turi intelligence.
ng
Artificial intelligence coined
195 Phrase first used by John McCarthy in Dartmouth College USA Neewell, Saw and SImon create first ever running AI software program (Logic theorist)
6

First expert systems

196 AI answers questions and solves problems in a specific domain. eg ICON to validate techinical correctness of customer orders and assembly of orders
7

The back propation algorithm - Hinton and Rumelhard develop back propogation algorith- minmises error between predicted outpus and actual outputs
198
6

AL chess master- Deep Blue beats Kasparov- milestone

199
7

First self driving car at Stanford University in DARPA challeng

200
5

IBM 'Watson' defeat champions on Jeopardy gameshow

201
1

Googe XLab Algoritm capable of independently browsing youtube and idenfiying video of cats
201
2

AL Deepminds AlphaGO defets world champion on GO- chineses board game with millions of possible moves
201
5

Deepmind AlphaFold solves 50 year problem on protein folding predicting 3D strucutre of protein based solely on amino acide sequence
202
1

A! mainstream with AI tools and applications for general public eg AI serivces, systems and creative tools.
202
2
Advances and limits of AI

Deepmind beating Go in 2016 seen as a milestone , simpler system used in 2022 - it found
that AI knew millions of moves and how to respond but didn’t actually understand the
game! The less complex system had less information and didn’t get the game.