Data Source

Last Updated Date

Country Name/ YEAR 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981
Brazil 57.9
United Kingdom 28.8 29 27.9 27.6 27.1 27.2 27.4 28.5 29.7
Turkiye
United States 35.3 35.3 35.2 36.1
1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
58.4 59 58.4 55.6 58.5 59.7 61.4 63.3 60.5 53.2 60.1 59.6 59.9 59.8 59.6 59
29.9 29.8 29.2 30.4 31.9 33.9 34.3 33.4 35.7 35 35 35.1 36 35.5 35.3 35.7 36.6 36.8
43.5 41.3
37.3 37.9 38 38.2 38.2 37.2 37.7 38.2 38.3 38 38.4 40.4 40 39.9 40.3 40.5 40 40

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
Brazil
 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
58.4 58.1 57.6 56.5 56.3 55.6 54.9 54 53.7 52.9 53.4 52.7 52 51.9 53.3 53.3
38.8 37.1 35.1 34.9 34.8 35.5 35.9 34.4 35.4 35.1 33.7 33.2 33.1 32.7 33.1 33.3 33.1 32.6
41.4 42.2 41.3 42.6 39.6 38.4 39 39 38.8 40 40.2 40.2 41.2 42.9 41.9 41.4
40.1 40.6 40.4 40.8 40.3 41 41.4 40.8 40.8 40.6 40 40.9 40.9 40.7 41.5 41.2 41.1 41.2

Chart Title
70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
2019

Brazil United Kingdom Turkiye United States

2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
53.9 53.5 48.9 52.9
33.7 32.8 32.6
41.9 41.9
41.4 41.5 39.7
Country Code Region IncomeGroup SpecialNotes TableName
ABW Latin America & Cari High income Aruba
AFE 26 countries, stretch Africa Eastern and Southern
The reporting period
for national
accounts data is
designated as either
calendar year basis
(CY) or fiscal year
basis (FY). For this
country, it is fiscal
year-based (fiscal
year-end: March
20). Also, an
estimate
(PA.NUS.ATLS) of
the exchange rate
covers the same
period and thus
differs from the
official exchange
rate (CY).

In addition, the
World Bank
systematically
assesses the
appropriateness of
official exchange
rates as conversion
factors. In this
country, multiple or
dual exchange rate
activity exists and
must be accounted
for appropriately in
underlying statistics.
An alternative
estimate
AFG South Asia Low income (“alternative Afghanistan
AFW 22 countries, stretch Africa Western and Central
AGO Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Angola
ALB Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Albania
AND Europe & Central Asi High income Andorra
ARB Arab World aggregateArab World
ARE Middle East & North AHigh income United Arab Emirates
ARG Latin America & Cari Upper middle incomeThe World Bank systema Argentina
ARM Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Armenia
ASM East Asia & Pacific High income American Samoa
ATG Latin America & Cari High income Antigua and Barbuda
AUS East Asia & Pacific High income The reporting period fAustralia
AUT Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Austria
AZE Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Azerbaijan
BDI Sub-Saharan Africa Low income The World Bank systema Burundi
BEL Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Belgium
BEN Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Benin
BFA Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Burkina Faso
BGD South Asia Lower middle incomeThe reporting period fBangladesh
BGR Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Bulgaria
BHR Middle East & North AHigh income Bahrain
BHS Latin America & Cari High income Bahamas, The
BIH Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Bosnia and Herzegovina
BLR Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Data before 2015 were Belarus
adjusted to reflect the new denomin
BLZ Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Belize
BMU North America High income Bermuda
BOL Latin America & Cari Lower middle income Bolivia
BRA Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Brazil
BRB Latin America & Cari High income Barbados
BRN East Asia & Pacific High income Brunei Darussalam
BTN South Asia Lower middle income Bhutan
BWA Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income Botswana
CAF Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Central African Republic
CAN North America High income Fiscal year end: MarchCanada
CEB Central Europe and thCentral Europe and the Baltics
CHE Europe & Central Asi High income Switzerland
CHI Europe & Central Asi High income Channel Islands
CHL Latin America & Cari High income Chile
 On 1 July 1997 China
resumed its exercise
of sovereignty over
Hong Kong, and on
20 December 1999,
China resumed its
exercise of
sovereignty over
Macao. Unless
otherwise noted,
data for China do
not include data for
Hong Kong SAR,
China; Macao SAR,
China; or Taiwan,
China.

The World Bank

systematically
assesses the
appropriateness of
official exchange
rates as conversion
factors. In this
country, multiple or
dual exchange rate
activity exists and
must be accounted
for appropriately in
underlying statistics.
An alternative
estimate
(“alternative
conversion factor” -
PA.NUS.ATLS) is thus
calculated as a
CHN East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income weighted average of China
CIV Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Côte d'Ivoire
CMR Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Cameroon
COD Sub-Saharan Africa Low income The World Bank systema Congo, Dem. Rep.
COG Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Congo, Rep.
COL Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Colombia
COM Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Comoros
CPV Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Cabo Verde
CRI Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Costa Rica
CSS Caribbean small states
CUB Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Cuba
CUW Latin America & Cari High income Curaçao
CYM Latin America & Cari High income Cayman Islands
CYP Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Cyprus
CZE Europe & Central Asi High income Czechia
DEU Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Germany
DJI Middle East & North ALower middle income Djibouti
DMA Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Dominica
DNK Europe & Central Asi High income Denmark
DOM Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Dominican Republic
DZA Middle East & North ALower middle income Algeria
EAP East Asia & Pacific (excluding high inco
EAR Early-dividend countriEarly-demographic dividend
EAS East Asia and Pacific East Asia & Pacific
ECA Europe & Central Asia (excluding high
ECS Europe and Central AsiEurope & Central Asia
ECU Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Ecuador
The reporting period
for national
accounts data is
designated as either
calendar year basis
(CY) or fiscal year
basis (FY). For this
country, it is fiscal
year-based (fiscal
year-end: June 30)
for the years 1980
and after. The data
from 1973 to 1979
refer to the calendar
year data. Also, an
estimate
(PA.NUS.ATLS) of
the exchange rate
covers the same
period and thus
differs from the
official exchange
rate (CY).

In addition, the
World Bank
systematically
assesses the
appropriateness of
official exchange
rates as conversion
factors. In this
country, multiple or
dual exchange rate
activity exists and
must be accounted
EGY Middle East & North ALower middle income for appropriately in Egypt, Arab Rep.
EMU Euro area aggregate. Euro area
ERI Sub-Saharan Africa Low income The World Bank systema Eritrea
ESP Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Spain
EST Europe & Central Asi High income The following irrevoc Estonia
ETH Sub-Saharan Africa Low income The reporting period fEthiopia
EUU European Union aggreEuropean Union
FCS Fragile and conflict-a Fragile and conflict affected situations
FIN Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Finland
FJI East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income Fiji
FRA Europe & Central Asi High income The following irrevoc France
FRO Europe & Central Asi High income Faroe Islands
FSM East Asia & Pacific Lower middle incomeFiscal year ends on SeMicronesia, Fed. Sts.
GAB Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income Gabon
GBR Europe & Central Asi High income United Kingdom
GEO Europe & Central Asi Upper middle incomeIncludes self-governe Georgia
GHA Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Ghana
GIB Europe & Central Asi High income The DEC conversion isGibraltar
GIN Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Guinea
GMB Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Gambia, The
GNB Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Guinea-Bissau
GNQ Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income Equatorial Guinea
GRC Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Greece
GRD Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Grenada
GRL Europe & Central Asi High income Greenland
GTM Latin America & Cari Upper middle incomeThe World Bank systema Guatemala
GUM East Asia & Pacific High income Guam
GUY Latin America & Cari High income Guyana
HIC High income group agHigh income
HKG East Asia & Pacific High income On 1 July 1997 China Hong Kong SAR, China
HND Latin America & Cari Lower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Honduras

The Heavily
Indebted Poor
Countries (HIPC)
refer to countries
that participated in
the HIPC Initiative,
launched in 1996 by
the IMF and World
Bank to reduce
external debt
burdens of the most
heavily indebted
poor countries at
that time to
sustainable levels.
To date, the
majority of the
countries completed
the program,
receiving 76 billion
in debt-service relief
over time. For more
details, visit
https://www.imf.org
/en/About/Factshee
ts/Sheets/2016/08/
01/16/11/Debt-
Relief-Under-the-
Heavily-Indebted-
Poor-Countries-
Initiative.
Data are aggregates
HPC for HIPC. Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC
HRV Europe & Central Asi High income Croatia
HTI Latin America & Cari Lower middle incomeThe reporting period fHaiti
HUN Europe & Central Asi High income Hungary
IBD IBRD only group aggr IBRD only
IBT IDA and IBRD total gr IDA & IBRD total
IDA IDA total group aggre IDA total
IDB IDA blend group aggr IDA blend
IDN East Asia & Pacific Upper middle incomeFiscal year end: Marc Indonesia
IDX IDA only group aggregIDA only
IMN Europe & Central Asi High income Classification for ye Isle of Man
IND South Asia Lower middle incomeThe reporting period fIndia
IRL Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Ireland
The reporting period
for national
accounts data is
designated as either
calendar year basis
(CY) or fiscal year
basis (FY). For this
country, it is fiscal
year-based (fiscal
year-end: March
20).

The World Bank

systematically
assesses the
appropriateness of
official exchange
rates as conversion
factors. In this
country, multiple or
dual exchange rate
activity exists and
must be accounted
for appropriately in
underlying statistics.
An alternative
estimate
(“alternative
conversion factor” -
PA.NUS.ATLS) is thus
calculated as a
weighted average of
the different
exchange rates in
use in the country.
Doing so better
IRN Middle East & North ALower middle income reflects economic Iran, Islamic Rep.
IRQ Middle East & North AUpper middle income Iraq
ISL Europe & Central Asi High income Iceland
ISR Middle East & North AHigh income Israel
ITA Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Italy
JAM Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Jamaica
JOR Middle East & North ALower middle income Jordan
JPN East Asia & Pacific High income Fiscal year end: MarchJapan
KAZ Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Kazakhstan
KEN Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeFiscal year end: June Kenya
KGZ Europe & Central Asi Lower middle income Kyrgyz Republic
KHM East Asia & Pacific Lower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Cambodia
KIR East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income Kiribati
KNA Latin America & Cari High income St. Kitts and Nevis
KOR East Asia & Pacific High income Korea, Rep.
KWT Middle East & North AHigh income Kuwait
LAC Latin America & Caribbean (excluding
LAO East Asia & Pacific Lower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Lao PDR
LBN Middle East & North ALower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Lebanon
LBR Sub-Saharan Africa Low income National accounts datLiberia
LBY Middle East & North AUpper middle income Libya
LCA Latin America & Cari Upper middle income St. Lucia
LCN Latin America & Caribbean
LDC Least developed countries: UN classific
LIC Low income group aggLow income
LIE Europe & Central Asi High income Liechtenstein
LKA South Asia Lower middle income Sri Lanka
LMC Lower middle income Lower middle income
LMY Low and middle-incomLow & middle income
LSO Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeFiscal year end: MarchLesotho
LTE Late-dividend countri Late-demographic dividend
LTU Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Lithuania
LUX Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Luxembourg
LVA Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Latvia
MAC East Asia & Pacific High income On 20 December 1999Macao
C SAR, China
MAF Latin America & Cari High income St. Martin (French part)
MAR Middle East & North ALower middle income Morocco
MCO Europe & Central Asi High income Monaco
MDA Europe & Central Asi Upper middle incomeExcluding Transnistri Moldova
MDG Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Madagascar
MDV South Asia Upper middle income Maldives
MEA Middle East and NorthMiddle East & North Africa
MEX Latin America & Cari Upper middle income Mexico
MHL East Asia & Pacific Upper middle incomeFiscal year ends on S Marshall Islands
MIC Middle income group Middle income
MKD Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income North Macedonia
MLI Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Mali
MLT Middle East & North AHigh income A simple multiplier i Malta
 The reporting period
for national
accounts data is
designated as either
calendar year basis
(CY) or fiscal year
basis (FY). For this
country, it is fiscal
year-based (fiscal
year-end:
September 30).
Also, an estimate
(PA.NUS.ATLS) of
the exchange rate
covers the same
period and thus
differs from the
official exchange
rate (CY).

In addition, the
World Bank
systematically
assesses the
appropriateness of
official exchange
rates as conversion
factors. In this
country, multiple or
dual exchange rate
activity exists and
must be accounted
for appropriately in
underlying statistics.
An alternative
estimate
MMR East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income (“alternative Myanmar
MNA Middle East & North Africa (excluding
MNE Europe & Central Asi Upper middle incomeMontenegro declaredMontenegro
MNG East Asia & Pacific Lower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Mongolia
MNP East Asia & Pacific High income Northern Mariana Islands
MOZ Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Mozambique
MRT Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income National account dataMauritania
were adjusted to reflect the new bank
MUS Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle income Mauritius
MWI Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Malawi
MYS East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income Malaysia
NAC North America regionaNorth America
NAM Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle incomeFiscal year end: MarchNamibia
NCL East Asia & Pacific High income New Caledonia
NER Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Niger
NGA Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Nigeria
NIC Latin America & Cari Lower middle incomeThe World Bank systema Nicaragua
NLD Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Netherlands
NOR Europe & Central Asi High income Norway
NPL South Asia Lower middle incomeThe reporting period fNepal
NRU East Asia & Pacific High income The reporting period fNauru
NZL East Asia & Pacific High income Fiscal year end: MarchNew Zealand
OED OECD members
OMN Middle East & North AHigh income Oman
OSS Other small states
PAK South Asia Lower middle incomeThe reporting period fPakistan
PAN Latin America & Cari High income Panama
PER Latin America & Cari Upper middle incomeThe World Bank systema Peru
PHL East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income Philippines
PLW East Asia & Pacific Upper middle incomeFiscal year ends on S Palau
PNG East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income Papua New Guinea
POL Europe & Central Asi High income Poland
PRE Pre-dividend countriePre-demographic dividend
PRI Latin America & Cari High income Fiscal year end: June Puerto Rico
PRK East Asia & Pacific Low income Korea, Dem. People's Rep.
PRT Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Portugal
PRY Latin America & Cari Upper middle incomeThe World Bank systema Paraguay
PSE Middle East & North AUpper middle incomeNational accounts datWest Bank and Gaza
PSS Pacific island small s Pacific island small states
PST Post-dividend countri Post-demographic dividend
PYF East Asia & Pacific High income French Polynesia
QAT Middle East & North AHigh income Qatar
ROU Europe & Central Asi High income The World Bank systema Romania
RUS Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Russian Federation
RWA Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Rwanda
SAS South Asia
SAU Middle East & North AHigh income Saudi Arabia
SDN Sub-Saharan Africa Low income The World Bank systema Sudan
SEN Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Senegal
SGP East Asia & Pacific High income Fiscal year end: MarchSingapore
SLB East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income Solomon Islands
SLE Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Sierra Leone
SLV Latin America & Cari Upper middle income El Salvador
SMR Europe & Central Asi High income San Marino
SOM Sub-Saharan Africa Low income The World Bank systema Somalia
SRB Europe & Central Asi Upper middle incomeMontenegro declaredSerbiai
SSA Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high inc
SSD Sub-Saharan Africa Low income The reporting period fSouth Sudan
SSF Sub-Saharan Africa regSub-Saharan Africa
SST Small states (membersSmall states
STP Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income National account dataSão were
Tomé
adjusted
and Principe
to reflect the new bank
SUR Latin America & Cari Upper middle incomeThe World Bank systema Suriname
SVK Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Slovak Republic
SVN Europe & Central Asi High income A simple multiplier i Slovenia
SWE Europe & Central Asi High income Fiscal year end: June Sweden
SWZ Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeFiscal year end: Marc Eswatini
SXM Latin America & Cari High income Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
SYC Sub-Saharan Africa High income Seychelles
SYR Middle East & North ALow income The World Bank systema Syrian Arab Republic
TCA Latin America & Cari High income Turks and Caicos Islands
TCD Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Chad
TEA East Asia & Pacific (I East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD)
TEC Europe & Central AsiaEurope & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)
TGO Sub-Saharan Africa Low income Togo
THA East Asia & Pacific Upper middle incomeFiscal year end: Sept Thailand
TJK Europe & Central Asi Lower middle income Tajikistan
TKM Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Turkmenistan
TLA Latin America & the CLatin America & Caribbean (IDA & IBRD
TLS East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income Timor-Leste
TMN Middle East & North AMiddle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD
TON East Asia & Pacific Upper middle incomeThe reporting period fTonga
TSA South Asia (IDA & IBR South Asia (IDA & IBRD)
TSS Sub-Saharan Africa (I Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD)
TTO Latin America & Cari High income Trinidad and Tobago
TUN Middle East & North ALower middle income Tunisia
TUR Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Türkiye
TUV East Asia & Pacific Upper middle income Tuvalu
TZA Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income Tanzania
 The reporting period
for national
accounts data is
designated as either
calendar year basis
(CY) or fiscal year
basis (FY). For this
country, it is fiscal
year-based (fiscal
year-end: June 30).
Also, an estimate
(PA.NUS.ATLS) of
the exchange rate
covers the same
period and thus
differs from the
official exchange
rate (CY).

In addition, the
World Bank
systematically
assesses the
appropriateness of
official exchange
rates as conversion
factors. In this
country, multiple or
dual exchange rate
activity exists and
must be accounted
for appropriately in
underlying statistics.
An alternative
estimate
(“alternative
UGA Sub-Saharan Africa Low income conversion factor” - Uganda
UKR Europe & Central Asi Lower middle income Ukraine
UMC Upper middle income Upper middle income
URY Latin America & Cari High income Uruguay
USA North America High income United States
UZB Europe & Central Asi Lower middle income Uzbekistan
VCT Latin America & Cari Upper middle income St. Vincent and the Grenadines
VEN Latin America & Caribbean Venezuela, RB
VGB Latin America & Cari High income British Virgin Islands
VIR Latin America & Cari High income Virgin Islands (U.S.)
VNM East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income Vietnam
VUT East Asia & Pacific Lower middle income Vanuatu
WLD World aggregate. World
WSM East Asia & Pacific Lower middle incomeThe reporting period fSamoa
XKX Europe & Central Asi Upper middle income Kosovo
YEM Middle East & North ALow income The World Bank systema Yemen, Rep.
ZAF Sub-Saharan Africa Upper middle incomeFiscal year end: MarchSouth Africa
ZMB Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle incomeNational accounts datZambia
 National Accounts
data are reported in
Zimbabwean Dollar
(ZWL). Before 2017,
one ZWL is set to be
equal to one USD.

The World Bank

systematically
assesses the
appropriateness of
official exchange
rates as conversion
factors. In this
country, multiple or
dual exchange rate
activity exists and
must be accounted
for appropriately in
underlying statistics.
An alternative
estimate
(“alternative
conversion factor” -
PA.NUS.ATLS) is thus
calculated as a
weighted average of
the different
exchange rates in
use in the country.
Doing so better
reflects economic
reality and leads to
more accurate
cross-country
comparisons and
ZWE Sub-Saharan Africa Lower middle income country Zimbabwe
tern and Southern

stern and Central

ab Emirates

nd Barbuda
d Herzegovina

rican Republic

urope and the Baltics

n small states
 & Pacific (excluding high income)
mographic dividend

Central Asia (excluding high income)

Central Asia

d conflict affected situations

g SAR, China

debted poor countries (HIPC)

rica & Caribbean (excluding high income)

rica & Caribbean

eloped countries: UN classification

ddle income
ddle income

ographic dividend

(French part)

st & North Africa

st & North Africa (excluding high income)

Mariana Islands
graphic dividend

m. People's Rep.

and small states

ographic dividend

ran Africa (excluding high income)

and Principe

ten (Dutch part)

 Caicos Islands

& Pacific (IDA & IBRD)

Central Asia (IDA & IBRD)

rica & Caribbean (IDA & IBRD)

st & North Africa (IDA & IBRD)

a (IDA & IBRD)

ran Africa (IDA & IBRD)
ddle income

t and the Grenadines

INDICATOR_CODE INDICATOR_NAME
SI.POV.GINI Gini index
SOURCE_NOTE
Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among indiv
SOURCE_ORGANIZATION
World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government st
hodology, please see http://pip.worldbank.org.