Brake Systems

Year / Level: Tow / P 2

ASS.Prof. Ashraf Salah
Helwan University
Faculty of Engineering
Automotive and Tractors
Engineering Department
2023
 Brake Systems

New Cairo Technological University Faculty of Industry and Energy Technology

Couse Name:
Brake Systems
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 Brake Systems
Electronic Braking Systems

 ABS (Anti-lock Braking System)

 EBD (Electronic Brake-force Distribution)
 BA (Brake Assist)
 CBC (Cornering Brake Control)
 ESP (Electronic Stability program)
 TCS (Traction Control System)

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 Brake Systems

Anti-Lock Breaking System is an electronic system which monitor and control the skidding
of the vehicle during breaking or can say prevents the wheels from locking while braking.
Anti-lock braking systems were first developed for aircraft in 1929

Functions of ABS
1. Prevents the wheels from locking while braking.
2. Maintain steering control while braking .
3. Shorten braking distances on slippery surfaces like wet or icy surfaces.

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 Brake Systems

Types of an ABS systems

Four channel ABS: Four channel systems control the brake
force on each wheel independently.
Three channel ABS: Three channel systems control the
braking pressure on both front wheels independently but
control the rear wheels together as a single unit.
One channel ABS: Control the rear wheels together as a
single unit.
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 Brake Systems

ABS -Components

1. Wheel speed sensor

2. Electronic control unit
3. Hydraulic control unit

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 Brake Systems

1. Wheel speed sensor

 Electromagnetic device in conjunction with a

rotating toothed wheel
 Constantly monitors wheel performance
 Transmit the information to the ECU after
particular interval of time.

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 Brake Systems

2. Electronic Control Unit (ECU)

 A microcomputer that functions as the ``brain'' of the

ABS system.
 The ECU receives wheel performance data from each
wheel sensor.
 When the wheels try to lock, the ECU delivers
commands to the hydraulic valves to control brake
pressure.
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 Brake Systems

ABS control module

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 Brake Systems

3. Hydraulic valve
 Control valves that are actuated by the electronic control unit (ECU) to ensure each wheel
is optimally braked.
 Depending on the control signal from ECU it
1. Increases pressure at the affected wheel , thus increasing the breaking force at the
affected wheel
2. Decreases pressure at the affected wheel, thus reducing the braking force at the affected
wheel
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 Brake Systems

ABS system warning lamp control

 The ABS warning light indicates the self-test condition
and the ABS system malfunctions.

 The ABS warning lamp lights up under conditions:

1. During the start-up phase after turning on the
ignition (continuously for three seconds)
2. If the function of the ABS system is prevented due
to a malfunction
3. During the diagnostic mode

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 Brake Systems

ABS Operation modes

Normal mode

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 Brake Systems

ABS Operation modes

Normal mode

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 Brake Systems

ABS Operation modes

Decrease mode

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 Brake Systems

ABS Operation modes

Decrease mode

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 Brake Systems

ABS Operation modes

Increase mode

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 Brake Systems

ABS Operation modes

Increase mode

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 Brake Systems

2.EBD (Electronic Brake-force Distribution)

which changes the amount of braking force applied to each wheel based on road conditions,
speed and load, and often works with ABS.

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 Brake Systems

Electronic Brake Force Distribution Components:

1. Speed Sensors
2. Electronic Control Unit
3. Brake Force Modulators: The EBD system uses the brake
force modulators to modulate the braking force applied on each wheel.

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 Brake Systems

EBD system warning lamp control

 The EBD warning light indicates the self-test condition

and the EBD system malfunctions.

 However, if the parking brake switch or Low brake

fluid level, the EBD warning light illuminates
continuously regardless of EBD functions.

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 Brake Systems

BA (Brake Assist)
 It is a brake assist system that senses the emergency
braking state by measuring the speed of the pressure
on the brake pedal, and in the event of an emergency
braking, it reaches the maximum braking force to
compensate for the pressure of the non-driver.

 Brake Assist is based on the ABS technology of a

vehicle and will not be found on a vehicle without ABS.
 Some manufacturers also refer to the same system as
Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)
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 Brake Systems

BA (Brake Assist)

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 Helwan University
Faculty of Engineering
Automotive and tractors
Engineering Department
Email: ashrafgalab71@gmail.com
ashraf_mohamed@m-eng.helwan.edu.eg
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