GRACE MISSION COLLEGE

Catiningan, Socorro, Oriental Mindoro

e-Mail: grace.missioncollege@yahoo.com

“For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also”
-Matthew 6:21

Name: ____________________________________ Date: ______________

Grade and Section: __________________________ Score: _____________

Mathematics 7
Quarter 3 Week 4

Lesson/Topic: Adding and Subtracting polynomials and Laws of exponent

Competency: The learner identifies which algebraic expressions are polynomials and which are not
Lesson Objective/s: The learner should be able to:
1. combine similar terms
2. classify each polynomial as a monomial, binomial, or trinomial
3. solve the given problems by adding and subtracting polynomials

Key Concept

General rule in adding and subtracting polynomials

1. removed the grouping symbols by performing the operations inside them.
2. Combine similar or like terms.
3. Arrange the answer in standard form.

Adding and Subtracting Polynomials horizontally

Example:
1. Add 4ab + a2b – 5 and 12a2b – 5 – 8ab
Solution:
(4ab + a2b – 5) + (12a2b – 5 – 8ab)
= 4ab – 8ab + a2b + 12a2b – 5 – 5
= -4ab + 13a2b – 10
= 13a2b – 4ab – 10 -------- standard form
2. Subtract 5mn + n2 + 3m2 from 7n2 – 6m2
Solution:
(7n2 – 6m2) – (5mn + n2 + 3m2)
= 7n2 – 6m2 – 5mn - n2 - 3m2
= 7n2 – n2 – 6m2 – 3m2 – 5mn
= 6n2 – 9m2 – 5mn
= -9m2 -5mn +6n2 --------- standard form

Laws of Exponents
- If a is a real number and if it is multiplied by itself n times, then a. a. a……. a = a n
The variable n denotes the number of times the base is used as a factor. Note that, in the example, n is a positive
integer or a whole number and it is called the exponent of the base a.
- The exponent n is also called power. Multiplying a number or variable n time means that the number or
variable is raised to the nth power. With this, the expression an is read as “a to the nth power” or “a
raised to the nth power.”
1. The Product Law (ax + ay) = ax + y
 GRACE MISSION COLLEGE
Catiningan, Socorro, Oriental Mindoro
e-Mail: grace.missioncollege@yahoo.com

- Suppose that a is used as a factor x times and another expression states that a is used as a factor y times.
If two expressions are multiplied, then the total number of times you end up using a as factor is x + y.
EXAMPLE:
- (a2 . a5)
= a.a.a.a.a.a.a
= a7
2. The Power of Power Law (ax)y = axy
- If real number b, which is raised to the xth power, is again raised to the yth power, then the number of
times b is used as a factor is x.y or xy
EXAMPLE:
- (b2)4
= b8
3. The Power of a Product Law
- If the product ab is raised to the xth power, then the number of times a and b are used as factors is both
x.
EXAMPLE:
- (ab)3
= a3b3
4. The Quotient Law
- If a raised xth power divided by raised to the yth power, then the remaining number of times a is used as
a factor is x – y.
6
a
- 4 , where a ≠ 0
a
= a6 – 4
= a2
5. The Power of the Quotient Law
- This is similar to the power of product law. However, you are dealing with the ratio of two variables in
this case. Rewriting the expanded form of the expression as one fraction helps to determine the number
of times the variables both in the numerator and the denominator are used as a factor.
EXAMPLE:
- ( ab )5

5
a
- 5
b
The negative exponent
1
- If a is a real number and not equal to 0 and n is a positive integer, then a -n = n
a
The zero exponent
- If b is a real number not equal to 0, then b0 = 1
Applying the Laws of Exponents in Simplifying Algebraic Expressions
Again, an algebraic expression is in simplified form if the grouping symbols are removed, the similar
terms are combined, and each base appears only once.
Examples:
Simplify the following algebraic expressions:
1. -5x * (-2x3)
= (-5) (-2) (x) (x3) Group the constants and the variables.
1+3
= 10x x = x1, so (x) (x3) = (x1) (x3) = x1+3
= 10x4 Product Law
 GRACE MISSION COLLEGE
Catiningan, Socorro, Oriental Mindoro
e-Mail: grace.missioncollege@yahoo.com

Activity 1:

Classify each polynomial has a monomial, binomial, or trinomial. Write your answer on the blank.
1. x2 – y2 _____________
3 2 3
2. 6x y – xy -xy _____________
3. 27 – y3 _____________
4. 110 _____________
10
5. -x _____________
3 3
6. 6(x – y ) _____________
1
7. y3 + 3y2 _____________
3
8. x 3 + 9x2y + 27y3_____________
9. 2x5y3z – x4y2z + y5z5_____________
10. ax + by +c, where a, b, and c are constant _____________

Activity 2:
Compute the degree of each number in Activity 1.
1. _____________
2. _____________
3. _____________
4. _____________
5. _____________
6. _____________
7. _____________
8. _____________
9. _____________
10. _____________

Activity 3:

Answer each question completely.

1. What will happen if the sum of a polynomial and its additive inverse is added to the given
polynomial.
2. What is the perimeter of a square if a side measures 21xy – 8 meters?
3. What is the perimeter of a polygon with n number of equal sides if a side measures 7a + 1?
4. What is the resulting polynomial if each term of the polynomial x3 – 5x2 – 8x + 1 is added by
2?
5. What is the resulting polynomial if each term of the polynomial x3 + x2y + xy2 + y3 is added by
real number n?
 GRACE MISSION COLLEGE
Catiningan, Socorro, Oriental Mindoro
e-Mail: grace.missioncollege@yahoo.com

Performance Task
Answer each question completely.
1. What will happen if the sum of a polynomial and its additive inverse is added to the given
polynomial?
2. What is the perimeter of a square if a side measures 21xy – 8 meters?
3. What is the perimeter of a polygon with n number of equal sides if a side measures 7a + 1?
4. What is the resulting polynomial if each term of the polynomial x 3−5 x 2−8 x+ 1 is added by 2?
5. What is the resulting polynomial if each term of the polynomial x 3 + x 2 y + x y2 + y 3 is added by
a real number n?

Aldrin M. Castillo
 GRACE MISSION COLLEGE
Catiningan, Socorro, Oriental Mindoro
e-Mail: grace.missioncollege@yahoo.com

Cp no. 09464944041

Answer key

Activity 1

Activity 2

Activity 3

Performance Task
(Answers may vary.)

References
• Mathematics for the 21st Century learners, Marilou Geruela, Lovely Airein, et.al.,page 3-
26
• byjus.com/maths/venn-diagrams/

Prepared by: Inspected / Checked by:

Aldrin Castillo Babylyn M. Mendoza

Subject Teacher Principal
Date:___________