APM3711/101/0/2024

Tutorial letter 101/0/2024

NUMERICAL METHODS II
APM3711

Year module

Department of Mathematical Sciences

IMPORTANT INFORMATION:
Please activate your my Unisa and myLife e-mail account and
make sure that you have regular access to the myUnisa module
website APM3711-24-Y, as well as your group website.

Note: This is a fully online module. It is therefore, only available on my Unisa.

university
Define tomorrow. of south africa
 CONTENTS

Page

1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................4
1.1 Getting started......................................................................................................................4
2 CURRICULUM TRANSFORMATION ..................................................................................4
2.1 What does it mean to study online? .....................................................................................4
3 PURPOSE AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE ............................................................5
3.1 Purpose ................................................................................................................................5
3.2 Outcomes .............................................................................................................................5
4 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS ..........................................................................6
4.1 Lecturer(s) ............................................................................................................................6
4.2 Department ..........................................................................................................................7
4.3 University (contact details) ...................................................................................................7
5 MODULE RELATED RESOURCES ....................................................................................7
5.1 myUnisa ...............................................................................................................................7
5.2 Joining myUnisa ...................................................................................................................7
5.3 Prescribed book(s) ...............................................................................................................8
5.4 Chapters from the Prescribed Books ...................................................................................8
5.5 Recommended books ..........................................................................................................9
5.6 Electronic reserves (e-reserves) ..........................................................................................9
5.7 Library services and resources ............................................................................................9
6 STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES .....................................................................................10
6.1 Study groups ......................................................................................................................11
7 MODULE–SPECIFIC STUDY PLAN..................................................................................12
7.1 HOW TO STUDY ONLINE?................................................................................................12
7.2 Suggested Study Programme ............................................................................................12
7.3 myUnisa tools .....................................................................................................................12
8 ASSESSMENT...................................................................................................................13
8.1 Assessment plan ................................................................................................................13
8.2 Assignment numbers..........................................................................................................13
8.2.1 Due dates of assignments..................................................................................................14

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8.3 Submission of assessments...............................................................................................14

8.4 The assessments ...............................................................................................................15
8.5 Other assessment methods ...............................................................................................15
8.6 EXAMINATION ...................................................................................................................15
8.7 Examination admission. .....................................................................................................15
8.8 Examination Paper .............................................................................................................16
8.9 Supplementary ...................................................................................................................16
9 ACADEMIC DISHONESTY................................................................................................17
9.1 Plagiarism...........................................................................................................................17
9.2 Cheating .............................................................................................................................17
9.3 For more information about plagiarism, follow the link below: ............................................17
10 STUDENTS LIVING WITH DISABILITIES ........................................................................17
11 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS................................................................................17
12 SOURCES CONSULTED...................................................................................................17
13 IN CONCLUSION...............................................................................................................18

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1 INTRODUCTION
Welcome to module APM3711 on Numerical Methods 2. I hope you will find it both interesting and
rewarding. This module is offered as a year module. You will be well on your way to success if you
start studying early in the year and resolve to do the assignments properly.
This tutorial letter contains important information about the scheme of work, resources and as-
signments for this module as well as exam admission. We urge you to read it carefully before
working through the study material, preparing the assignment(s), preparing for the examination
and addressing questions to your lecturers.
Right from the start we would like to point out that you must read all the tutorial letters you
access from the module site immediately and carefully, as they always contain important and,
sometimes urgent information.
Because this is a fully online module, you will need to use my Unisa to study and complete the
learning activities for this course. Please visit the website for MAT1503 on myUnisa frequently for
announcements, new material and resources. The website for your module is APM3711-24-Y.

1.1 Getting started

Owing to the nature of this module, you can read about the module and find your study material
online. Go to the website at https://my.unisa.ac.za and log in using your student number and pass-
word. Click on ”myModules” at the top of the web page and then on ”Sites” in the top right corner.
In the new window, click on the grey Star icon next to the modules you want displayed on your
navigation bar. Close the window in the top right corner. Then select the option ”Reload to see
your updated favorite sites”. Now go to your navigation bar and click on the module you want to
open.

We wish you every success with your studies!

2 CURRICULUM TRANSFORMATION
Unisa has implemented a transformation charter based on five pillars and eight dimensions. In re-
sponse to this charter, we have placed curriculum transformation high on the teaching and learning
agenda. Curriculum transformation includes the following pillars: student-centred scholarship, the
pedagogical renewal of teaching and assessment practices, the scholarship of teaching and learn-
ing, and the infusion of African epistemologies and philosophies. These pillars and their principles
will be integrated at both programme and module levels as a phased-in approach. You will notice a
marked change in the teaching and learning strategy implemented by Unisa, together with how the
content is conceptualised in your modules. We encourage you to embrace these changes during
your studies at Unisa in a responsive way within the framework of transformation.

2.1 What does it mean to study online?

At Unisa, studying fully online entails the following:

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• All your study material and learning activities for online modules are designed to be
delivered online on myUnisa.

• All your assignments (assessments) must be submitted online. This means that you
will do all your activities and submit all your assignments on myUnisa. In other words, you
do NOT post your assignments to Unisa using the South African Post Office. You do NOT
send assignments by email as such will not be considered for marking or a zero mark will be
awarded.

• All communication between you and the University happens online. Lecturers will com-
municate with you via e-mail and Chats, Discussions, Blogs, and use the Announce-
ments, the FAQs, the Discussion Forums and the Questions and Answers tools. You can
also use all of these platforms to ask questions and contact your lecturers.

3 PURPOSE AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE

3.1 Purpose
The compulsory pre-requisite for this module is APM2613 (Numerical Methods I).

The purpose of this module is to provide numerical techniques for the approximate solution of
initial and boundary-value problems of ordinary differential equations as well as partial differential
equations. A minimal prerequisite in differential and integral calculus, differential equation theory,
basic analysis and linear algebra are assumed on addition to Numerical Methods I. The course
focuses on mathematical theory and numerical analysis to ensure that students understand the
concepts that underpin each algorithm that we consider. There will also be a significant component
of programming in this course. Students can program in any language of their choice, but Matlab,
Mathematica or Maple are recommended because they have plotting facility within the program.

3.2 Outcomes
By the end of this module, students should

2.2.1 be competent in using Taylor’s method of order 2 and higher to approximate the solution of
an initial-value problem.

2.2.2 be able to use Euler and modified Euler methods on initial-value problems.

2.2.3 demonstrate fluency in Runge-Kutta methods and their error control.

2.2.4 must know how multistep methods work and their relative merits.

2.2.5 when given a function, they should be able to find a Pade approximation.

2.2.6 be able to use the Chebyshev polynomials to find the Chebyshev series and estimate the
maximum error of the Chebyshev series over the interval [−1, 1].

2.2.7 be able to economise the given power series.

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 2.2.8 be able to apply Gerschgorin’s circle theorems in finding eigenvalues and hence the corre-
sponding eigenvectors.

2.2.9 be competent in calculating the dominant eigenvalue and the smallest absolute value using
the power method.

2.2.10 be able to use the shooting method to solve a boundary-value problem both theoretically and
numerically.

2.2.11 be competent in solving characteristic-value problem using finite difference method.

2.2.12 be able to model a steady-state heat by Laplace’s equation and approximate it by the 5-point
difference formula and hence obtain the solution numerically.

2.2.13 be able to apply the iteration formula for S.O.R. on Laplace equation and hence find numerical
solution.

2.2.14 have a thorough grasp of the alternating-direction-implicit method (ADI) for solving Laplace/Poisson
equation and do this numerically.

4 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS

4.1 Lecturer(s)
The primary lecturer for this module is:

Lecturer: Dr LC Masinga
Department: Mathematical Sciences
Room No: C6-045 GJ Gerwel Building
Telephone: 011 670 9153
E-mail: masinlc@unisa.ac.za

A notice will be posted on myUnisa if there are any changes and/or an additional lecturer is ap-
pointed to this module.
All queries that are not of a purely administrative nature but are about the content of this module
should be directed to me. Email is the preferred form of communication to use. If you phone me
please have your study material with you when you contact me. If you cannot get hold of me, send
me an email message with your questions included. Please clearly state your name and student
number. Please raise questions when well prepared with specific questions that indicate your own
efforts to have understood the basic concepts involved.
Whenever you contact a lecturer via e-mail, please include your student number and the module
code in the subject line to enable the lecturer to help you more effectively.

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4.2 Department
You can contact the Department of Mathematical Sciences as follows:

Department of Mathematical Sciences

Departmental Secretary: 011 670 9147 (RSA) +27 11 670 9147 (International)
e-mails: mathsciences@unisa.ac.za or swanem@unisa.ac.za

4.3 University (contact details)

If you need to contact the University about matters not related to the content of this module, please
consult the publication My Study @ Unisa that you received with your study material.

This brochure contains information on how to contact the University (e.g. to whom you can write
for different queries, important telephone and fax numbers, addresses and details.
Contact addresses of the various administrative departments appear on the Unisa website:
http://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Contact-us/Student-enquiries
Please include the student number in all correspondence with the university.

5 MODULE RELATED RESOURCES

5.1 myUnisa
All resources can be accessed through the myUnisa learning management system. The myUnisa
learning management system is Unisa’s online campus that will help you to communicate with
your lecturers, with other students and with the administrative departments of Unisa all through the
computer and the internet.
To go to the myUnisa website, start at the main Unisa website, www.unisa.ac.za, and then click
on the ”myUnisa” link below the orange tab labelled ”Current students”. This should take you to
the myUnisa website. You can also go there directly by typing my.unisa.ac.za in the address bar of
your browser.

5.2 Joining myUnisa

The myUnisa learning management system is the University’s online campus which will help you
communicate with your lecturers, other students, and the administrative departments within Unisa.
To claim your myUnisa account, please follow the steps below:

1. Visit the myUnisa website at https://my.unisa.ac.za/portal

2. Click on the ”Claim Unisa login” link on the top of the screen under the orange user ID box.

3. A new screen will load, prompting you to enter your student number. Please enter your
student number and click ”continue”.

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 4. Enter your surname, your full name, your date of birth and, finally, your South African ID
number (for South African citizens) OR your passport number (for foreign students). Then
click ”continue”. Remember to enter either an ID number or a passport number, NOT
both.

5. Please read through the guidelines and click all the check boxes to acknowledge that you
have read all the information provided. Once you are done, click the ”Acknowledge” button
to redirect you to the final page in the process.

6. The final page will display your myLife e-mail address, and your myLife AND myUnisa pass-
word. This password will also be sent to the cellphone number displayed on the page for
safekeeping.

7. Please note that it can take up to 24 hours for your myLife e-mail account to be created

Remember, the password provided is your myUnisa AND myLife password.

5.3 Prescribed book(s)

The prescribed textbooks are

Title: Numerical Analysis Applied Numerical Analysis

Author(s): Richard L Burden & J. Douglas Faires Gerald Wheatley
Publishers: Cengage Learning Pearson
Edition: Tenth Edition Seventh Edition
Year: 2016 2004
Print Book ISBN: ISBN-13: 978-1-305-25366-7 ISBN-10: 0-538-73564-3

Please refer to the list of official booksellers and their addresses in the my Studies @ Unisa
brochure. Prescribed books can be obtained from the University’s official booksellers. If you have
difficulty in locating your book(s) at these booksellers, please contact the Prescribed Book Section
at Tel: 012 429-4152 or e-mail vospresc@unisa.ac.za.

5.4 Chapters from the Prescribed Books

1. Numerical Analysis by Richard L. Burden, J. Douglas Faires: 9th edition
Chapter 5: 5.1 – 5.7
Chapter 8: 8.3 – 8.5
Chapter 9: 9.1 – 9.3
Chapter 11: 11.1 – 11.4
Chapter 12: 12.1

2. Applied Numercial Analysis by Gerald Wheatley: 7th edition

Chapter 4: 4.1 – 4.2
Chapter 6: 6.1 – 6.8
Chapter 8: 8.1 – 8.2

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5.5 Recommended books

There are no recommended books for this module. You may use any book which covers the
outcomes listed in this Tutorial Letter.
It may not be possible or necessary to buy both textbooks. Since the textbook by Burden and
Faires is prescribed for AMP2613, you need not purchase another book. If you have access to the
textbook by Wheatkey you may consider accessing the 9th edition of Burden and Faires online.
However, if you use the 9th edition note that there may be some updates in the newer edition that
are different from the 9th edition. However the content is more or less the same.

5.6 Electronic reserves (e-reserves)

E-reserves can be downloaded from the Library catalogue. More information is available at:
https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/request

5.7 Library services and resources

The Unisa Library offers a range of information services and resources:

• For a general Library overview, go to

https://www.unisa.ac.za/library/libatglance

Library @ a glance

• For detailed Library information, go to

https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Library

• For research support and services (e.g. the services offered by personal librarians and the
request a literature search service offered by the information search librarians), go to

http://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Library/Library-services/Research-support

• For library training for undergraduate students, go to

https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Library/Library-services/Training

The library has created numerous Library guides, available available at http://libguides.unisa.ac.za
Recommended guides:

• Request and find library material/download recommended material:

http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/request

• Postgraduate information services: http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/postgrad

• Finding and using library resources and tools:

Research Skills

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 • Frequently asked questions about the Library:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/ask

• Services to students living with disabilities:

http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/disability

• A-Z databases:
https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/az.php

Important contact information:

• Ask a librarian: https://libguides.unisa.ac.za/ask

• Technical problems encountered in accessing library online services:

Lib-help@unisa.ac.za

• General library-related queries: Library-enquiries@unisa.ac.za

• Queries related to library fines and payments: Library-fines@unisa.ac.za

• Social media channels: Facebook: UnisaLibrary and Twitter: @UnisaLibrary

6 STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES

The Study @ Unisa website is available on myUnisa: www.unisa.ac.za/brochures/studies
This brochure contains important information and guidelines for successful studies through Unisa.
If you need assistance with regard to the myModules system, you are welcome to use the following
contact details:

• Toll-free landline: 0800 00 1870 (Select option 07 for myModules)

• E-mail: mymodules22@unisa.ac.za or myUnisaHelp@unisa.ac.za

You can access and view short videos on topics such as how to view your calendar, how to access
module content, how to view announcements for modules, how to submit assessment and how to
participate in forum activities via the following link:
https://dtls-qa.unisa.ac.za/course/view.php?id=32130

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6.1 Study groups

It is advisable to have contact with fellow students. One way to do this is to form study groups. The
addresses of students in your area may be obtained from the following department:

Directorate: Student Administration and Registration

PO Box 392
UNISA
0003

Registered Unisa students get a free myLife e-mail account. Important information, notices and
updates are sent exclusively to this account. Please note that it can take up to 24 hours for your
account to be activated after you have claimed it. Please do this immediately after registering at
Unisa, by following this link: myLifeHelp@unisa.ac.za

Your myLife account is the only e-mail account recognised by Unisa for official correspondence
with the university, and will remain the official primary e-mail address on record at Unisa. You
remain responsible for the management of this e-mail account.

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7 MODULE–SPECIFIC STUDY PLAN
7.1 HOW TO STUDY ONLINE?
Studying fully online modules differs completely from studying some of your other modules at
Unisa.

• All your study material and learning activities for online modules are designed to be
delivered online on myUnisa.

• All your assignments (assessments) must be submitted online. This means that you
will do all your activities and submit all your assignments on myUnisa. In other words, you
do NOT post your assignments to Unisa using the South African Post Office. You do NOT
send assignments by email as such will not be considered for marking or a zero mark will be
awarded.

• All communication between you and the University happens online. Lecturers will com-
municate with you via e-mail and Chats, Discussions, Blogs, and use the Announce-
ments, the FAQs, the Discussion Forums and the Questions and Answers tools. You can
also use all of these platforms to ask questions and contact your lecturers.

7.2 Suggested Study Programme

Content Study plan
Outcomes 2.2.1 to 2.2.4 to be achieved by 01 April
Outcomes 2.2.5 to 2.2.7 to be achieved by 07 May
Outcomes 2.2.8 to 2.2.9 to be achieved by 14 June
Outcomes 2.2.10 to 2.2.14 to be achieved by 31 July

7.3 myUnisa tools

The main tool that we will use is the Lessons tool. This tool will provide the content of and the
assessments for your module. At times you may be directed to join discussions with fellow students
and complete activities and assessments before you can continue with the module.

It is very important that you log in to myUnisa regularly. We recommend that you log in at least
once a week to do the following:

• Check for new announcements. You can also set your myLife e-mail account so that you
receive the announcement e-mails on your cellphone.

• Check for new Chats. You can also set your myLife e-mail account so that you receive the
chats on your cellphone.

• Do the Discussion Forum activities. When you do the activities for each learning unit, we
want you to share your answers with the other students in your group. You can read the
instructions and even prepare your answers offline, but you will need to go online to post your
messages.

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• Do other online activities. For some of the learning unit activities you might need to post
something on the Blog tool, take a quiz or complete a survey under the Self-Assessment
tool. Do not skip these activities because they will help you complete the assignments and
the activities for the module.
We hope that by giving you extra ways to study the material and practise all the activities, this will
help you succeed in the online module. To get the most out of the online module, you MUST go
online regularly to complete the activities and assignments on time.

8 ASSESSMENT
There are FOUR assignments (formative assessment) and one examination (summative assess-
ment) for this module.

8.1 Assessment plan

Please note that this module has a total of FOUR written assignments.
• To complete this module, you will be required to submit four (4) formative assessments (as-
signments) and a summative assessment (exam).
• All information about when and where to submit your assessments will be made available to
you via the myModules site for your module.
• Due dates for assessments, as well as the actual assessments are available on the myMod-
ules site for this module.
• An average of all these assignments will contribute to the year mark. Please make sure that
you answer all these questions. When marking the assignments, constructive comments
will be made on your work, which will then be returned to you. The assignments and the
comments on these assignments constitute an important part of your learning and should
help you to be better prepared for the next assignment and the examination. Please do
not wait until you receive the initial assignment back before you start working on the next
assignment.
• To gain admission to the examination, you will be required to submit at least one compulsory
assignment.
• The assignment weighting for the module is 20 %.
• The examination will count 80% towards the final module mark.
• You will receive examination information via the myModules sites. Please watch out for an-
nouncements on how examinations for the modules for which you are registered will be con-
ducted.

8.2 Assignment numbers

There shall be four written assignments, generally numbered as 01 to 04. The scope of these
assignments is as shown below. The unique numbers for the assignments are given on the my-
Modules site of the module.

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8.2.1 Due dates of assignments
The due dates for the submission of the assignments in 2024 are:

Assignment Content Due date

01 Outcomes 2.2.1-2.2.4 15 April
02 Outcomes 2.2.5-2.2.7 see myUnisa
03 Outcomes 2.2.8-2.2.9 see myunisa
04 Outcomes 2.2.10 to 2.2.14 see myUnisa

8.3 Submission of assessments

• Unisa, as a comprehensive open distance e-learning institution (CODeL), is moving towards
becoming an online institution. You will therefore see that all your study material, assess-
ments and engagements with your lecturer and fellow students will take place online. We use
myUnisa as our virtual campus.

• The myUnisa virtual campus will offer students access to the myModules site, where learning
material will be available online and where assessments should be completed. This is an on-
line system that is used to administer, document, and deliver educational material to students
and support engagement between academics and students.

• The myUnisa platform can be accessed via https://my.unisa.ac.za. Click on the ’myModules
2023’ button to access the online sites for the modules that you are registered for.

• The university undertakes to communicate clearly and as frequently as is necessary to ensure

that you obtain the greatest benefit from the use of the myModules learning management
system. Please access the announcements on your myModules site regularly, as this is
where your lecturer will post important information to be shared with you.

• When you access your myModules site for the module/s you are registered for, you will see
a welcome message posted by your lecturer. Below the welcome message you will see
the assessment shells for the assessments that you need to complete. Some assessments
may be multiple choice (Quiz), some tests, others written assessments (assignments), some
forum discussions, and so on. All assessments must be completed on the assessment shells
available on the respective module platforms.

• It is advisable to have possession of or access to a desktop computer or laptop when you

register for this module since it a computationally intensive module. You will also need the
computer to write your examination.

• For the assessments, please note the due date by which the assessment must be submitted.
Ensure that you follow the guidelines given by your lecturer to complete the assessment.
Click on the submission button on the relevant assessment shell on myModules. You will
then be able to upload your written assessment on the myModules site of the modules that
you are registered for. Before you finalise the upload, double check that you have selected
the correct file for upload. Remember, no marks can be allocated for incorrectly submitted
assessments.

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• You only submit your assignments electronically via myUnisa. Assignments can not be
submitted by fax or e–mail nor by post as such will not be considered for marking.

• PLEASE NOTE: Although students may work together when preparing assignments, each
student must write and submit his or her own individual assignment. In other words, you
must submit your own calculations in your own words. It is unacceptable for students to
submit identical assignments on the basis that they worked together. That is copying (a
form of plagiarism - see the relevant section below) and none of these assignments will be
marked. Furthermore, you may be penalised or subjected to disciplinary proceedings by the
University.

8.4 The assessments

There may be no assignments included in this tutorial letter. Assignments and due dates will be
made available to you on myModules for this module. We envisage that the due dates will be avail-
able to you upon registration.

Make sure that you do the correct assignments.

Solutions will be available on myUnisa under Additional Resources before the examination date.

8.5 Other assessment methods

There may be other assessment methods for this module. These will be communicated in the
course of the delivery of the course.

8.6 EXAMINATION
This module has a summative assessment.

8.7 Examination admission.

To be admitted to the examination vou must submit the compulsory assignment, i.e. Assignment
01, by the due date.

Please note that lecturers are not responsible for examination admission, and ALL enquiries about
examination admission should be directed by e-mail to exams@unisa.ac.za
Examination information and details on the format of the examination will be made available to you
online via the myUnisa site. Look out for information that will be shared with you by your lecturer
and e-tutors (where relevant) and for communication from the university.

If you are registered for this module in 2024 then you will write the examination in October/November
2024.

Please note:

• The exam is a two hour examination.

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 • The use of a (nonprogrammable) pocket calculator is permitted during examination. You are
NOT allowed to use a programmable calculator or the computer during the examination.

• The university uses online invigilation tools to invigilate the examination session. These tools
require that you have access to a computer or laptop. So you are advised to ensure that you
have access to a laptop with a webcam in advance before the examinations.

8.8 Examination Paper

The textbook forms the basis of this course. The study outcomes are listed under Section 2.2 of
this tutorial letter. The examination will be a single written online paper of two hours duration.

Refer to the Study @ Unisa brochure for general examination guidelines and examination prepa-
ration guidelines.
You are allowed to use a calculator in the exam.

8.9 Supplementary
If you are registered for this module in 2024 then you will write the supplementary examination in
January/February 2025.

During the course of the year, the Examination Section will provide you with information regarding
the examination in general, examination websites, examination dates and examination times and
that including the supplementary examination.

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9 ACADEMIC DISHONESTY
9.1 Plagiarism
Plagiarism is the act of taking the words, ideas and thoughts of others and presenting them as your
own. It is a form of theft. Plagiarism includes the following forms of academic dishonesty:

• Copying and pasting from any source without acknowledging the source.

• Not including references or deliberately inserting incorrect bibliographic information.

• Paraphrasing without acknowledging the original source of the information.

9.2 Cheating
Cheating includes, but is not limited to, the following:

• Completing assessments on behalf of another student, copying the work of another student
during an assessment, or allowing another student to copy your work.

• Using social media (e.g. WhatsApp, Telegram) or other platforms to disseminate assessment
information.

• Submitting corrupt or irrelevant files, this forms part of examination guidelines

• Buying completed answers from so-called ”tutors” or internet sites (contract cheating).

9.3 For more information about plagiarism, follow the link below:
https://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/myunisa/default/Study-@-Unisa/Student-values-and-rules

10 STUDENTS LIVING WITH DISABILITIES

The Advocacy and Resource Centre for Students with Disabilities (ARCSWiD) provides an oppor-
tunity for staff to interact with first-time and returning students with disabilities.

If you are a student with a disability and would like additional support or need additional time for
assessments, you are invited to contact your lecturer to discuss the assistance that you need.

11 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

The Study @ Unisa brochure contains an A-Z guide of the most relevant study information.

12 SOURCES CONSULTED
The prescribed textbook and various university guidelines were consulted in preparing this tutorial
letter.

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13 IN CONCLUSION
Do not hesitate to contact us by e-mail if you are experiencing problems with the content of this
tutorial letter or with any academic aspect of the module.

We wish you a fascinating and satisfying journey through the learning material, and trust that you
will complete the module successfully.

Enjoy the journey!

APM3711 Team
Department of Mathematical Sciences

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