National and Regional

Collaboration

SAND2018‐4296 TR
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Approaching International
Obligations Regionally
• All UN Member Countries are responsible for implementing UN Sanctions under Chapter
VII, Article 41 of the UN Charter
• https://www.un.org/sc/suborg/en/sanctions/information
• It falls to law enforcement to
actively enforce sanctions “In many cases, transnational law
• Open borders enforcement cooperation remains at the
• Ports‐of‐entry developmental stage. Such cooperation is
• Interior of country crucial, however, especially when several
• Coordination with neighbors States of the same region are exposed to
aids in enforcing sanctions the same terrorist threat”
‐ UNSC Counter‐Terrorism Committee
Cooperative Security
• All countries have the sovereign right and
responsibility to guarantee their own security
• However, many security threats and challenges
are transnational
• Terrorism
• Illicit trafficking
• Migration
• Environmental crises
• Border disputes
• WMD proliferation

Cooperative Security
A process whereby countries with common interests work jointly
through agreed mechanisms to reduce tensions and suspicion,
resolve or mitigate disputes, build confidence, enhance economic
development prospects, and maintain stability in their regions.

Law enforcement common interests may include:

• Countering terrorism
• Stopping illicit trafficking
• Facilitating travel, trade, and other economic activity
 Enforcing Sanctions Regionally
Where is threat coming from?
• Seaport
• Airport
• Overland border with port of entry
• Overland open border
• Existing criminal smuggling networks

Cooperative Security Spectrum

Unofficial Non‐sensitive Confidence‐Building Operational
Integrated Security
Exchanges Official Cooperation Measures Coordination
• Citizen‐citizen • Diplomatic • Information and • Established lines • Common security
contacts dialogues data sharing of communication objectives and
• Civil society • Military‐to‐ • Notifications of • Information strategy
cooperation military dialogues militarily sharing • Legal and
• Track 2 dialogues • Economic significant • Coordinated regulatory
• Science diplomacy exchange activities deployments and harmonization
• Scientific, • Military site visits tactical decision‐ • Common or
technical, and and exchanges making shared capabilities
environmental • Military
cooperation transparency
measures
Unofficial Exchanges
• Often utilized when official diplomatic dialogues are
difficult or impossible
• Dialog is often not‐for‐attribution
• Offer an opportunity to discuss difficult problems, share
perspectives, and propose or test solutions
• Most effective when there is a conduit for ideas to reach
official channels

Visiting scholars in residence at the

Cooperative Monitoring Center,
Sandia National Laboratories

Non‐sensitive Cooperation
• Official endorsement of cooperation
facilitates more direct policy impact
• Progress is often facilitated by first addressing
less‐sensitive issues, such as trade and the
environment
• Examples include: India‐Pakistan Trade (Ekabhishek, Wikimedia Commons)

• “Science diplomacy”
• Diplomatic dialogues
• Economic exchange
• Emergency, disaster response
• Military‐to‐military dialogues

Disaster Relief in Pakistan (U.S. Dept. of Defense)

Confidence‐Building Measures

• Measures intended to reduce military tensions,

facilitate communication, and increase
predictability in state‐to‐state relations
• Over time, confidence‐building measures can
increase trust and build foundations for future
cooperation

Do you consistently work with a country where enhanced

cooperation would be mutually beneficial?

Operational Coordination
• Operational coordination can benefit law
enforcement and security
Operational
• Increase situational awareness Coordination
• Eliminate redundancies
• Cooperatively leverage scarce resources
• Reduce the potential for conflict
POE Procedural
• Information sharing and lines of Harmonization
communication provide the foundation for
effective operational coordination Lines of
Communication
Example – Integrated Border
Enforcement Teams

“Shiprider” Cooperation (RCMP) IBET Operating Regions (RCMP)

Integrated Security
Thank You
C. Alan Runyan‐Beebe
+1 505 844 9668
carunya@sandia.gov