SAMPLE INTRODUCTION

DẠNG ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet? Give reasons for your
answer and include some relevant examples from your own knowledge or experiences.

In recent years, the internet has been gaining its popularity at an amazing rate. Some people suggest
that the internet brings us a lot of benefits. But on the other hand, there are also many people who
strongly advocate (ủng hộ) that its drawbacks should not be ignored. In the following essay, both
pros and cons of the internet will be presented/ hoac analyzed in more detail.

DẠNG OPINION 1 PHÍA CÁCH 1: đi thẳng vào vấn đề.

Some people propose that smoking should be banned completely. What is your opinion?
Give reasons for your answer and include some relevant examples from your own knowledge
or experiences
Smoking is a social problem we are trying to solve. Some people suggest that the government should ban
smoking completely.They have the idea that smoking is harmful to people's health and it violates the
right and freedom of nonsmokers. However, in my opinion, smoking should not be totally banned for the
following reasons- phan doi
Hoac ung ho: In my opinion, I completely agree with this point of view because of the following reasons
DẠNG OPINION 1 PHÍA CACH 2:
Nowadays, there are more and more advertisment. Some people think that they have a
negative influence on people, and therefore should be restricted. Do you agree or
disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include:some relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experiences,

Everywhere, and almost at any times we find ourselves surrounded by all kinds of advertisements.
Some people suggest that there should be some restrictions on advertisements. But on the other hand,
there are also many people who strongly advocate that advertisements should not be limitted. In my
opinion, hoac For my part, I absolutely agree with the latter point of view ( quan điểm sau ) for the
folowing reasons
former point of view: quan điểm trước

DẠNG OPINION 2 PHÍA:

Should criminals be sent to prison or should they do something else as a punishment? Explain
your opinion and give your reasons. Hoac Discuss both views. Give reasons for your
answer and include some relevant examples from your own knowledge and experiences.
.
In recent years, the record of crime rate bas been constantly renewed . Quite a few hoac Some
people have the idea that we should send criminals to prison. Nevertheless towards the same
issue,hoac On the other hand, many others point out that the law offenders should be punished by
paying back to public. In this essay, I will look at both sides of such argument.
 Hoac In the following essay, both sides of this argument will be further discussed in more detail.

DẠNG CAUSE & SOLUTION:

It is generally acknowledged that families are 'now not as close as they used to be. Give
possible reasons and your recommendations, Give reasons for your answer and include
some relevant examples from your own knowledge and experiences.
In the past, family was a very important concept in people's minds, and it was the important concept
of many people's lives. Nowadays, however, the relationship between family members is. not as close
as before. What factors lead to this phenomenon and what we can do to solve the problem have
become a concern to many people. In my opinion, the following reasons need to be taken into
consideration .
Hoac: The following essay will presents some causes of this phenomenon and suggest some useful
solutions.
Nowadays it is difficul for university graduate to find a job. Analyze the individual and
social reasons and offer some solutions. Give reasons for your answer and.include some
relevant examples from your own knowledge or experiences.

The job market for college graduates is getting more and more depressing. The fact shows that
not all college graduates could find jobs that they are trained. It is crucial ( hoặc important) that
we analyze the causes of this disturbing issues and explore the effective solutions

MỞ BÀI
2 câu – paraphrase lại đề thi bằng cách dùng từ/cụm từ đồng nghĩa.

Some people argue that job satisfaction is more important than job security, while
others believe that they cannot always expect job satisfacton, and a permanent job is
more important. What is your opinion/ view?

Opinion One side- 1 phía

It is argued by some people that job security is not as important as how satisfied we feel
with what we do, whereas others believe that we should do a job that frees us from
unemployment stress and ensures we have a stable income. I am personally in favour of the
viewpoint of the first group.- hoac

-hoac In my opinion, I agree with the former point of view because of the following
reasons.
-Hoặc From my point of view, I am convinced with the latter idea (bị thuyết phục bởi quan
điểm sau ) for the following reasons (vì những nguyên nhân / lí do sau)

Opinion ( 2 sides)= Discussion

Some people argue that job satisfaction is more important than job security, while
others believe that they cannot always expect job satisfacton, and a permanent job is
more important. Discuss both views/ sides and give your opinion

Bát buoc thao luan 2 phía

It is argued by some people that job security is not as important as how satisfied we feel
with what we do, whereas others believe that we should do a job that frees us from
unemployment stress and ensures we have a stable income. In the following essay, both
argurments hoac both views will be discussed in more detail. – 2 phía

Hoac In this essay, I will explore both sides of this argument. hoạc I will analyze both
views.
Hoac: In the following essay, both sides of this argument will be further discussed in
more detail.
. The following essay will analyze both sides/ views in more detail ( sẽ phân tích 2 khía
cạnh hoac quan điểm chi tiết hơn
(Một số người cho rằng sự đảm bảo, ổn định trong công việc không quan trọng bằng việc
chúng ta cảm thấy hài lòng như thế nào với những gì chúng ta đang làm, trong khi những
người khác tin rằng chúng ta nên làm một công việc mà giúp giải phóng chúng ta khỏi căng
thẳng của sự thất nghiệp và đảm bảo chúng ta có thu nhập ổn định. Cá nhân tôi ủng hộ quan
điểm của nhóm đầu tiên.)
KẾT BÀI

In conclusion, although some argue that a secure job is more important than a satisfying job, I
am of the opinion that we should always look for a job that brings us happiness and
fulfilment rather than stability.

(Tóm lại, mặc dù một số ý kiến ​cho rằng một công việc an toàn quan trọng hơn một công việc
khiến mình hài lòng, tôi cho rằng chúng ta hãy luôn tìm kiếm một công việc mang lại cho
chúng ta hạnh phúc và sự thỏa mãn hơn là sự ổn định.)

Từ vựng

● job security: sự đảm bảo, ổn định trong công việc

● frees somebody from something: giải phóng ai đó khỏi cái gì
● a stable income: thu nhập ổn định
● today’s cut-throat labour market: thị trường lao động cạnh tranh gay gắt ngày nay
● face unemployment: đối mặt với thất nghiệp
● annually = every year: hàng năm
● switching jobs: chuyển đổi công việc
● the increasingly competitive job market: thị trường việc làm ngày càng cạnh tranh
● the most important consideration: sự cân nhắc quan trọng nhất
● experience temporary unemployment: trải qua thất nghiệp tạm thời
● a higher level of job satisfaction: mức độ hài lòng trong công việc cao hơn
● primary breadwinners: trụ cột chính
● a rewarding job = a satisfying job: một công việc khiến mình hài lòng
● a stable monthly paycheck: mức lương ổn định hàng tháng

THỰC HÀNH DẠNG ƯU NHƯỢC ĐIỂM

What are the advantages and disadvantages of social media?

1. In recent years, ………..has become a broad issue to the general public.

hoac
Nowadays, ……….has become a popular widespread in modern society.
0. Some people believe that…………..
0. On the other hand, some others may think that…………
0. In the following essay, both pros and cons of…...will be be analyzed/ hoac presented
in more detail.
The use of cell phones (mobile phones) has increased rapidly in the twenty-first century.
Additionally, cell phones can now be used for many purposes besides making phone calls.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of cell phones?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own
knowledge or experience.

Advantages of mobile Phones: Disadvantages of mobile phones:

Communication: Wastage of time:
It is the best source of communication. When we use mobile phones without limits then this
android phone waste our time.
Access Internet:
Cause of Cancer:
You can access internet service even in simple
mobiles now. When we use android phones without limits then
radiation emits from android phones which became
Send text messages:
the cause of cancer.
You can send text messages with the help of android
Cause certain Diseases:
phone.
Mobile phone cause certain disease when we use
Call:
android phones without limit.
It is the best source of communication to call
Reduce focus in sports:
someone may be friend or family.
People play games online today which reduces the
Easy to use:
focus in daily real sports.
It is simple and easy to use.
Addiction:
The major problem of android phone is
addiction.People became mobile addicted when they
use android phones without limit.

Advantages
● Brings you closer to the outer world
● Keeps you connected to your friends and
family whom you can’t reach
● News about the world
● Keeps you entertained by movies, games,
music etc
● Gets your work done within a few touches
● Lets you record memories
Disadvantages;
● You are not present mentally
● Keeps you distracted
● You are busy recording the moment rather
than living it
● Lowers confidence in a way that you get
so stuck with only writing behind your
phone and not speaking up yourself
Introducti
on to the
topic

Advantages There are several obvious benefits, such as ……….Itn fact,……..This means that…….For
example,……In addition,…..

Another positive aspect is

Disadvatages
The impact has pot all been positive

The most criticsim is

Another negative effective is

A final drawback is

Summary/
To sum up/ In conclusion…
Conclusion
and own
opinion
I believe…….

The advatage hoặc disadvantages outweigh the disadvantages hoặc advantages

THỰC HÀNH DẠNG OPINION ESSAY-OPINION 1 PHÍA

MỎ BÀI
Over the past few years,………… .is becoming increasingly serious in many nations

(Trong vài năm ………………dần trở thành vấn đề gia tăng nghiêm trọng ở nhiều quốc
gia.)
There is a popular belief that……………quan diem
1………………………………However, hoac On the other hand, others claim
that……………………quan diem 2………………………………………

(Hâu hết người ta tin rằng…………Tuy nhiên, những người khác kêu lên rằng………….)

In my opinion, I agree with this former (quan diem truoc) hoac latter ( quan diem sau)
statement because the following reasons. (Theo quan điểm của tôi, tôi đồng ý với quan
điểm trước hoặc quan điểm sau vì những nguyên nhân sau đây)

THÂN BÀI- ít nhất 2 lí do

First and foremost, people should recognize that (Điều đầu tiên và quan trọng nhất , moi
người nên nhận ra rằng)………

In the first place, (Trước tiên)

………………………………………………………………………..

In the second place, (Thứ nữa

là)……………………………………………………………………

This is because of the fact that (Điều này là bởi thực tế

là……………………………………………

On the other hand, there are several arguments supporting the statement
that………(Mặt khác, có một vài sự lập luận ủng hộ cho quan điểm rằng…..).

In fact, people have this opinion because……(Thực tế là mọi người có quan điểm này là
bởi vì………………….

KẾT LUẬN

Considering all arguments put forward, it can be concluded that ……………

(Xem xét tất cả lập luận đưa ra, người ta có thể kết luân rằng……
The above mentioned facts have created a dilemma when people discuss the impact of
this problem

(Những sự thực đã được đề cập trên đã tạo ra một điều nan giải khi mọi người thảo luận
sự ảnh hưởng của vấn đề này.)

Hence, everybody should have further considered of this issue. (Chính vì vậy, mọi người
nên cân nhắc thêm về vấn đề này.)

Mobile phones have brought mostly benefits to our personal lives. Do you agree or
disagree?

INTRODUCTI In recent years, the world has witnessed a booming number of mobile phones. They are
ON dramatically changing the way people contact to each other. It is apparent that mobile
phones has had a profound influence on personal lives. However, not all the effects
of them have been positive.

POSITIVE To begin with, using mobile phones is one of popular methods for people to
ASPECT communicate, relax and do business. By using call or video phone, text message, we are
able to keep in touch together despite a long distance. These days, with the significant
developement of cell phones, they enable users to entertain such as surfing the internet,
sending photos or downloading videos and games. According to a research, the number
of people accessing the web through mobile phones is now accounting for well over
15% of worldwide internet usage. Furthermore, some Office applications for mobile
phones, for example, Miccrosoft Office are helping employees do their business more
effectively.

NEGATIVE Although it is true that people are now getting a number of advantages from mobiles,
ASPECT these communication technologies also have several negative impacts. Firstly, using
cell phones too much will probably be harmful for human's health as it can increase the
risk of brain cancer. In addition, children are spending a lot of their free time on using
mobiles with the purpose of chatting or playing games. This is time consuming and
affect negatively on their studies. Lacking of face-to-face communication is also the
result of using mobiles. Instead of going out or dating, many people prefer to stay at
home and use their cell phones to connect to others.
CONCLUSION In general, mobile phones have both pros and cons to our society. They make the
people's lives and works become more convinient. Yet, mobile phones still impact badly
on health, time and communication of individuals. To advoid these problems, each
person should manage the time of using mobiles reasonably. Besides, the awareness of
people about the disadvantages of mobile phones should be improved.
The use of social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, is replacing face-to-face contact in
this century. Do you think the advantages of this way outweigh the disadvantages?
Từ đồng nghĩa, trái nghĩa:
social media = social network = social networking/ site
 replace = substitute = supersede = take the place of
face-to-face contact = real interaction

Advantages of social media Disadvantages

1. Social media has helped to connect with 1. Because of lots of fake users in social
our friends and families to share our media there is an activity of sharing
events and photos videos etc. porn images and vulgar comments.
2. Lots of lost family members has been 2. And also sharing wrong information in
returned by connecting through social social media in order to mislead the users.
media. 3. Fake Advertisements etc
3. It has given an opportunity for poor
people and talented people to show their
talents.
4. It has also helped small and medium scale
business to grow by promoting their brand
for small budget which is affordable for
them.
1. Its a great platform to get connected o different 1. Its addictive. Once you get comfortable
people around the world. with it , you get stuck.
2. To have conversations with your near and dear 2. You may loose your privacy by one or
ones. other means.
3. You may get tangled into flattering words
3. Share your views and check other’s opinions . of unknowns. Be aware ! .
4. Get the latest updates and happenings in the 4. You get Isolated from the society. You start
world giving more time to media than your
parents .
5. You may find that one person , you may be
looking for . . 5. It also causes many injurious health related
problems also Porn addiction is one of its
sub elements .
Gợi ý: Dạng bài Opinion, trong đó người viết PHẢI phân tích cả lợi ích và bất lợi của
việc giao tiếp qua mạng xã hội và các phương tiện truyền thông trước khi đưa ra quan
điểm của mình. Bài gợi ý dưới đây thiên về hướng tiêu cực của xu hướng này.

INTRODUCTION

Đoạn 1: Lợi Ý 1: Media technologies lift up any geographical barriers as people are enabled to
ích của việc giao interact 24/7 with more people than ever before.
tiếp qua mạng xã
→ E.g. Facebook and Twitter have become so popular that over 3 billion people
hội và các phương
around the world can be connected with a click of the mouse.
tiện truyền thông
→ Old friends who have been out of touch for ages can be linked on an international
social network and exchange pleasantries.
 → One can effortlessly find others sharing the same interest and thoughts regardless
of where they are, which was previously rather intricate.
(Các công nghệ truyền thông phá bỏ bất kỳ rào cản địa lý nào khi mọi người có thể
tương tác 24/7 với nhiều người hơn bao giờ hết. → ví dụ: Facebook và Twitters đã
trở nên phổ biến tới mức hơn 3 tỷ người trên khắp thế giới có thể được kết nối bằng
một cú nhấp chuột. → Những người bạn cũ đã mất liên lạc của nhau trong một thời
gian dài có thể được liên kết trên một mạng xã hội quốc tế và trò chuyện. → Một
người có thể dễ dàng tìm thấy những người khác chia sẻ cùng một quan tâm và suy
nghĩ bất kể họ đang ở đâu, điều mà trước đây là phức tạp.)
Ý 2: Social networking sites are powerful tools to accelerate the flow of information
→ E.g. Breaking news is up to the minute and available for free.
→ Keeping abreast of what is happening around us has never been simpler.
(Các mạng xã hội là công cụ mạnh mẽ để đẩy nhanh luồng thông tin → ví dụ: Tin
tức được cập nhật đến từng phút và miễn phí. →Việc nắm bắt được những gì đang
xảy ra xung quanh chúng ta chưa bao giờ đơn giản hơn)

Đoạn 2: Bất lợi Ý 1: A new set of communication barriers has been unexpectedly created by the
của việc giao tiếp employment of social media.
qua mạng xã hội
→ A number of people in present age often interact via messages with icon showing
và các phương
their emotions rather than actual tone of voice
tiện truyền thông
→ Misunderstanding is more likely to occur or anyone can hide behind the text.
(Một loạt các rào cản truyền thông mới đã vô tình được tạo ra bởi việc sử dụng các
phương tiện truyền thông xã hội. → Nhiều người ngày nay thường tương tác thông
qua các tin nhắn với biểu tượng thể hiện cảm xúc của họ chứ không phải giọng điệu
thực tế → Sự hiểu nhầm có nhiều khả năng xảy ra hoặc bất cứ ai có thể giấu mình
phía sau những dòng tin nhắn.)
Ý 2: Social media equipment presents an unprecedented paradox. With all the
powerful social technologies at our fingertips, we are more connected and also
potentially more disconnected.
→ As everyone is approachable online, it is no longer a demand for visiting friends
and relatives to get updated of one another.
→ An increasing number of people face loneliness in today’s widely connected
world.
(Các thiết bị phương tiện truyền thông tạo ra một nghịch lý chưa từng có. Với tất cả
các công nghệ xã hội mạnh mẽ trên tay, chúng ta được kết nối nhiều hơn và cũng có
khả năng bị tách biệt hơn. → Vì mọi người đều có thể được tiếp cận trực tuyến,
không còn nhu cầu đến thăm bạn bè và người thân để cập nhật tin tức của nhau. →
Ngày càng nhiều người đối mặt với sự cô đơn trong thế giới kết nối ngày nay.)

CONCLUSION
SAMPLE WRITING

INTRODCTION Nowadays, the constant growth of technology has given rise to social media
applications such as Facebook and Twitter. Consequently, there is now considerable
concern for face-to-face interaction. However, I believe the benefits overshadow
the drawbacks of the rise of social media.

NEGATIVE It is apparent that more time spent on social media equals less time for social
POINT interaction. In other words, people whose social media’s usage is heavy face
shortage of real human face-to-face contact, which causes negative impacts to their
emotional development. A recent experiment from New York University has proven
this. The experiment involved two starved groups of people who frequently used
social media apps and those who rarely used them. There was 35% of the people
who constantly used social media apps refused to share their assistance food to
others, but there was 80% of the people who rarely used social media apps agreed to
share. This experiment should indicate that social media can negatively affect
people’s emotional intelligence, especially their sympathy and empathy.

POSITIVE However, the benefits that social media users earn are countless by eliminating the
major constraint the world has faced for a long time: geographical distance. First,
people from over the world are brought closer together, which is the base of
relationship formation. For example, Pew Research Center reported that in 2017,
there were 40 million Americans using online dating websites like Tinder and
OKCupid. In economic context, social media promotes online sales activities. Let’s
consider Amazon, the company that is so successful with online sales. It started with
the social media habits of most people in America, encouraged online shopping
routines and generated a lot of profit.

CONCLUSION All in all, it is explicable to say that the advantages of the rise of social media
outweigh the disadvantages. Although there might be some negative influence on
users’ social behavior, but the benefits are tremendous and able to compensate that.
Positives of Public Transport Negatives of Public Transport
● We need to reduce our dependence on cars; ● Public transport if often slow and unreliable;
● Parking a car can be extremely difficult in big ● Metro systems and trains are often dirty and
cities; crowded;
● Well-designed transport systems are ● People feel like sardines in a can;
comfortable and convenient; Cars are much more comfortable
● Modern public transport can be fast and
cheap;
● Public transport can help to reduce pollution
in cities;
● Investment in buses and trains will ease
traffic congestion;
● Buses can be given special lanes to avoid
traffic.

Road Safety

● Driving while tired or drunk is extremely dangerous;

● Mobile phones can be a dangerous distraction for drivers;

 ● They draw the driver’s attention away from the road;

● The use of phones while driving has been banned in many countries;

● Punishments are becoming stricter;

● Television campaigns are used to remind people to drive safely;

● Speed cameras have become more common;

● Speed bumps are another form of traffic calming;

● Many streets are designed with the aim of slowing traffic down.

C. Từ vựng cho chủ đề Transport

● Pedestrian (n): người đi bộ;

● Dangerous drivers: những người lái xe nguy hiểm;

● Raise people’s awareness: nâng cao ý thức con người;

● Pose a serious threat to…: gây ra sự đe dọa nghiêm trọng cho…;

● Congestion pricing = congestion charges: việc thu phí ùn tắc giao thông;

● Licence suspension: việc tịch thu bằng lái;

● Reduce traffic accidents: giảm thiểu tai nạn giao thông;

● Cycle lanes = bike lanes: những tuyến đường dành cho người đi xe đạp;

● Pedestrian (n): người đi bộ;

● Run a red light: vượt đèn đỏ;

● Commute/travel long distances to…: đi quãng đường dài tới… .

THỰC HÀNH VIẾT BÀI LUẬN OPINION DẠNG 2 PHÍA

The users of social media, such as Facebook, Twitter, are replacing face-to-face contact
in this century. Do you think the advantages of this way outweigh the disadvantages?

INTRODUCTI Social media has long been regarded as the technological innovation in the mordern
ON world. Today, people tend to spend most of their time on social media and the way they
interact with the whole community may be altered. The following essay will discuss
the pros and cons of this phenomenon in depth.
ADVATAGES To begin with, depending too much on mass media may not totally free from
drawbacks. The primary problem is that lacking some essential skills such as
communication and problem solving may result from this tendency. To be more precise,
when addicted to social media, people may lose their interaction with the genuine
 world. As the certain result, people may have difficulties in expressing their mind and
emotion. On the other hand, this trend may also lead to the meaningless life in the long
run. In other world, hardly can people realize the true meaning of their life without life
experiences that virtual world cannot bring to them. Hence, although social media is the
great innovation with many convenience but it cannot replace the role of face-to-face
conversation
DISADVATAG It is, however, evident that the mass media also brings enormouse benefits for us if
E used properly. Firstly, media plays the vital role in helping people keep up with the
wheel of life. In fact, thanks to technological innovations as social media, people may
not get into trouble with the unceasing change in the fast changing world. Besides,
social media has the ability to bridge the gap between people. To be more specific, with
these innovations, people can communicate with each other in easier ways regardless of
distance so that they can mantain long distance relationship. Therefore, if using social
media with adequate awareness, people can receive many advantages from them.
CONCLUSION To sum up, all things contain within them both merits as well as drawbacks and social
media is not the exception but it seems that the disadvantages may far outweigh its
advantages. No matter what innovations appear, they cannot change the traditional
method people use to communicate to each other.

Mobile telephones have brought many benefits but they have also had negative
effects.Do the disadvantages of having mobile phones outweigh the advantages? Give
reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge and
experience. You should write at least 250 words.

Introducti Nowadays, the development of mobile telephones gives people many advantages. However,
on there are a lot of disadvantages brought when people use mobile phones. In this essay, I am
going to examine this question from both points of view and then give my opinion on the
matter.

Positive On the one hand, there are several positive effects on using mobile phones. Firstly, the
cutting-edge technology like mobile phones can offer opportunities for people to be better
educated. This is because that people are able to study online subjects on websites in their
domestic or another country. Besides, documents can be found easily through the mobile
phone connected the Internet. Secondly, some functions on mobile phones can assist people to
relax. People can listen to music or watch videos whenever they desire.

Negative On the other hand, this idea has a few fundamental drawbacks. One problem is that the
concentration can be decreased. For example, the person who is working or studying cannot
focus on what he is doing if his phone bell ring many times. Another issue is that having
mobile phones can make people lonelier. This is due to that most people contact with each
other through their phone. Hence, the face-to-face communication is not usually used. In
addition to this, many children and teenagers who are addicted game online stay at their home
regularly instead of meeting or going out with their friends.

Conclusio In conclusion, having mobile phones does not only bring convenience but also negative
n influences. Overall, I believe that there is a balance in benefits and drawbacks when people
use mobile phones. 263 words
 THỰC HÀNH DẠNG DISCUSSIVE ESSAY

Introductio The world has witnessed a significant growth of mobile phones in the recent years, which
n changed the way people contact remarkably. However, there has been much debate about the
positive and negative impacts of mobile phones on users. It seems to me that mobile phones
have greatly affected its users in both sides and this essay will grant us a chance to discuss
both sides in detail.

Positve On the one hand, mobile phones increase the speed of communication, which allows people
to get connected, relax and do business with ease. As a result, cell phones users are able to
keep in touch with their relatives and friends at a great distance. Moreover, the significant
development of smartphones and its applications provide users with a plethora of
entertainment such as, gaming, surfing the Internet, along with listening to music. Last but
not least, a further advantage of using mobile phones in business is that its office application
(Microsoft Office) helps employees do their business more effectively and professionally

Negative On the other hand, it is acknowledged that mobile phones have numerous negative effects
on users. From a medical point of view, frequent exposure to radiation created by high
frequency could be harmful to human’s health, or particularly increase the risk of cancer.
Also, it is believed that if children spent more time on their phones to chat or play games
rather than study, their performance at school would drop notably. Finally, although mobile
phones increase the speed of communication, the lack of face to face communication due to
the excessive use of mobile phones can worsen certain relationships.

Conclusion In conclusion, mobile phones bring both pros and cons for the users. It is my belief that
every phone user should use them wisely to take full advantages.

THỰC HÀNH VIẾT BÀI LUẬN PROBLEM-SOLUTION

The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed but it has also
created problems that did not exist before. What are the most serious problems
associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest?

INTRODUTIO The enormous growth in the use of the internet over the last decade has led to radical
N changes to the way that people consume and share information. Although serious
problems have arisen as a result of this, there are some effective solutions
PROBLEMS One of the first hoac main problems of the internet is the ease with which children
can access potentially dangerous sites. For example, pornography sites are easily
accessible to them because they can register with a site and claim to be an adult.
There is no doubt that this affects their thoughts and development, which is a negative
impact for the children and for society. Another major problem is the growth of
online fraud and hacking. These days, there are constant news stories about
government and company websites that have been hacked, resulting in sensitive
information falling into the hands of criminals.
SOLUTIONS It is important that actions are taken to combat these problems. Government should
ensure that adequate legislation and controls are in place that will prevent young people
from accessing dangerous sites, such as requiring more than simply confirming that you
 are an adult to view a site. In addition, parents also have a part to play. They need to
closely monitor the activities of their children and restrict their access to certain sites,
which can now be done through various computer programs. Finally, companies must
also improve their onsite its security systems to make fraud and hacking much more
difficult by undertaking thorough reviews of their current systems for weaknesses.
CONCLUSION In conclusion, the internet is an amazing technological innovation that has
transformed people's lives, but not without negative impacts. However, with the right
actions by individuals, governments and businesses, it can be made a safe place for
everyone.
Traffic Problems
● Traffic congestion is caused by commuters travelling to work;
● Most people live in the suburbs outside city center;
● Commuters tend to travel at the same time of day;
● They tend to travel alone;
● Cars and road space are not used efficiently;
● This causes traffic jams during the rush hour.
Traffic Solutions
● In order to reduce traffic we should change our working habits;
● The internet can now be used to connect people;
● More people could work from home;
● Meetings can be held as video conferences;
● Workers could be given flexible timetables;
● Another solution would be to tax drivers;
● Workers should share their cars and travel together;
● In London, for example, there is a congestion charge;
● This helps to raise money for better public transport;
● Public transport needs to be reliable and efficient.
THỰC HÀNH VIẾT BÀI LUẬN CAUSE-SOLUTION
In some parts of the world, the rate of divorce has increased dramatically over the past few
decades. Explain some possible reasons for this problem and suggest some solutions.
The divorce rate is a problem, but it can be solved.
OUTLINE YOUR WRITING
Introduction
S Breakdown of the
extended
Past – family help
with child care
Past – family help
with expenses
Now – people don’t
have this
Stress in the workplace
 Less time with
family
Feel tired and
irritable
Family life is
unhappy

Solution:Ways to solve this

problem
Live closer to
extended
Find a less
demanding job

Conclusion

SAMPLE
Introduction
Breakdown of the extended
Past – family help with child
care
Past – family help with expenses could be shared in times of financial difficulty. These
expenses
Now – people don’t have this workplace is another cause of divorce. These days, people are often
Stress in the workplace
Less time with family
Feel tired and irritable
The divorce rate is increasing in many places. I believe that the
breakdown of the extended family and the stresses of work are the
major causes of this situation. Fortunately, although these issues
have led to a rise in the divorce rate, there are ways we can solve
this problem.
The biggest cause of divorce is the breakdown of the extended
family. In the past, a family was made up of parents, grandparents,
children, and other relatives. This meant that there was always
somebody available to help with child care. It also meant that
days, people often don't have this kind of support from their
families, and this puts more stress on a marriage. Stress in the
expected to work longer hours than they did in the past. This means
they spend less time at home with their families. It also means that
when they are at home, they are tired and probably irritable, too. All
of this adds up to an unhappy family life.

Family life is unhappy

Ways to solve this problem Fortunately, there are things that can be done to solve some of these
problems if people really want to. People can decide to live closer
Live closer to extended
to their extended family. They can invite their elderly parents to live
 Find a less demanding job with them or look for a job closer to their relatives' homes. People
can also look for less demanding jobs or decide to have one parent
stay at home instead of working. These things require changing
one's lifestyle in some big ways, but they can lead to a happier
marriage and family life.
Conclusion To sum up, there are a lot of demands in modern life that place
stress on a marriage and lead to divorce. However, people can
choose to make changes to their lifestyle that can result in a better,
stronger marriage.

THỰC HÀNH VIẾT BÀI LUẬN CAUSE-EFFECT

What are the cause and principle effects of the increase in fast-food consumption
in the big cites. ?

This is the pattern This is how the sample outline looks

INTRODUCTION
Introduction of general topic -Background of traditional diet and recent changes in big cities
Specific areas to be covered in this essay -This essay will cover first causes, then effects.

CAUSES Causes of increased fast food consumption

Cause 1 Changes in commercial practice
Cause 2 ▪ Power of advertising
▪ Loss of local shops
Changes in lifestyles
▪ Longer working hours
▪ Two working parents

EFFECTS Effects of increased fast-food consumption

Effect 1 Vitamin deficiencies
Effect 2 a)
Effect 3 b)
Obesity (beo phi)

Loss of food culture

CONCLUSION Increase in fast food consumption generally=negative

(summary of main points and look to Possible changes to impove diet in the future.
future)

SAMPLE WRITING

INTRODUCTION In the past, people in the big cities used to eat healthy, freshly prepared food with
their familes at home Today, however, many people, in particular, young people
Background of
prefer to eat fast food such as hamburgers, fried chicken, or pizza. There are many
traditional diet
reasons why this change has occurred, but fast food also has some serious
and recent changes
effects on individuals and society.
in big cities
CAUSES There are many reasons for the popularity of fast food. One of the main reasons is
the change in lifestyle. In fact, many people in big cities are working long hours,
shifts, or extended school days. They, therefore, don’t have time to find ingredients
or prepare good food. Moreover, women are now starting to work in big cities, and
this can result in less time being available for preparing family meals.. Another
factor is advertising. Big cities are very modern, free market, with all forms of
media, such as the Internet and satellite televison, and people like to try new
products and different kinds of fast food.
EFFECTS On the other hand, / However, this change in diet can have some serious effects.
One effect is on health. There is a fact that many individuals in big cities are
becoming obese. That is, these people will be less productive and have conditions,
such as heart disease and diabetes. A clear illustration is that children and adults
rarely eat together now, and thus get less opportunity to talk. A further impact is
economic. Although fast food is not very expensive, it is more expensive than
cooking properly for yourself. In addition to this, many of the fast food companies
are franchisees of foreign cooperations, so profits leave the country.
CONCLUSION In conclusion, fast food, although it is convenient and a tasty addition to a diet, can
have serious health and social effects. People should learn to choose fast food
carefully and remember the pleasure of eating good food in good company.