SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGIES AND

SYSTEMS ( ES61002 )
LTP- 3-1-0

Chirodeep Bakli
Assistant Professor
School of Energy Science & Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
Email: chirodeep@iitkgp.ac.in

1
Tutorial 1.
Solve the following by using a calculator first. Follow it up by writing an interactive code on MATLAB.

1. Calculate the shadow length cast by the tower at 11.00a.m. January 21 in Kharagpur. The height of tower is 5m. Repeat the same
for following date and time.
1. 14th February @ 9.00a.m
2. Summer solstice @ Solar noon
3. 21st August @ 3.00p.m.

2. Determine the length of the shadow of an overhang of length L=1 m over a south-facing window with a height H. Assume the width
of the window and the overhang are both 2 m. Determine the dimensions of shadow cast by the overhang at noon of May 1 and Nov 1.
What fraction of the window area would be shaded? What will be the value of the fraction at 10 am and 2 pm of the same days. All
times are solar. Assume S=0 for initial calculations.
Location: Kharagpur, India

3. Use the browser tool to verify your code.

Function output and input
function shadowLength = calculateShadowLength(towerHeight, day, month, hour, minute,
latitude, surfaceAzimuthAngle, surfaceInclinationAngle)
Day of the month= n (no. Of days from Jan 1)
For ex. For feb 17 n= 31+17
For march 21 n= 31+28+21

Rest all angle Values; according to the given conditions

 Solar declination angle
• % Calculate declination angle
• x1 = (360/365) * (284 + n);
• declinationAngle = 23.45 * sind(x1);
• fprintf('\nDeclination angle: %d degrees', declinationAngle);
Hour angle
• % Calculate hour angle
• x2 = hour + (minute / 60) - 12;
• hourAngle = x2 * 15;
• fprintf('\nHour angle: %d degrees', hourAngle);
Incidence angle
• % Calculate incidence angle (replace with your actual formula)
• incidenceAngle = calculateIncidenceAngle(declinationAngle, latitude, surfaceAzimuthAngle,
surfaceInclinationAngle, hourAngle);

• function incidenceAngle = calculateIncidenceAngle(declinationAngle, latitude, surfaceAzimuthAngle,

surfaceInclinationAngle, hourAngle)
• % Example (use actual formula based on your requirement):
• incidenceAngle = acosd(sind(declinationAngle) * sind(latitude) * cosd(surfaceInclinationAngle) -
cosd(latitude) * cosd(surfaceAzimuthAngle) * sind(declinationAngle) * sind(surfaceInclinationAngle) +
cosd(surfaceInclinationAngle) * cosd(declinationAngle) * cosd(latitude) * cosd(hourAngle) +
cosd(declinationAngle) * sind(latitude) * sind(surfaceInclinationAngle) * cosd(surfaceAzimuthAngle) *
cosd(hourAngle) );
• end
Tower shadow length(From geometry)

• % Calculate tower shadow length

• towerShadowLength = towerHeight * tand(incidenceAngle);
TUTORIAL 2

1)What are the sunrise and sunset times relative to a south-facing wall in Kharagpur for the
following dates and how do they differ from the actual sunrise and sunset times observed in the
region.
1.31st January
2.21st March
3.21 June
st

4.21 December
st

2) What are the sunrise and sunset times for a surface inclined at 90° with a surface azimuth
angle of 175°, situated at a latitude of 17°, and experiencing a declination angle of 23°?