The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]
 Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The
Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]
 The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
  Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
1. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
2. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
3. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
4. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
5. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
6. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
7. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
8. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
9. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
10. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
11. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
12. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
13. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
14. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
vvvvvvThe quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for
Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
1. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
2. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
3. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
4. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
 5. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
6. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
7. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
8. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
9. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
10. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
11. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
12. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
13. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
14. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
1. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
2. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
3. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
4. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
5. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
6. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
 7. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
8. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
9. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
10. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
11. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
12. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
13. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
14. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
1. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
2. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
3. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
4. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
5. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
6. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
 7. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
8. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
9. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
10. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
11. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
12. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
13. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
14. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
21 languages
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing
presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
15. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
16. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
17. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
18. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
19. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
20. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
21. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
22. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
23. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
24. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
25. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
26. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
27. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
28. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
vvvvvvThe quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages
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 Edit
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Tools

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]
 Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The
Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]
 The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
  Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
15. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
16. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
17. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
18. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
19. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
20. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
21. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
22. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
23. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
24. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
25. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
26. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
27. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
28. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
15. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
16. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
17. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
18. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
19. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
20. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
21. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
22. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
23. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
24. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
25. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
26. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
27. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
28. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools
 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
15. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
16. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
17. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
18. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
19. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
20. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
21. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
22. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
23. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
24. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
25. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
26. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
27. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
28. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

21 languages
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 














From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
29. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
30. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
31. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
32. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
 33. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
34. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
35. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
36. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
37. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
38. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
39. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
40. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
41. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
42. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
vvvvvvThe quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing
presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
29. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
30. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
31. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
32. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
33. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
34. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
35. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
36. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
37. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
38. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
39. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
40. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
41. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
42. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses
(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
29. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
30. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
31. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
32. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
33. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
34. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
35. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
36. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
37. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
38. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
39. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
40. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
41. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
42. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435
External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses
(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
29. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
30. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
31. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
32. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
33. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
34. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
35. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
36. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
37. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
38. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
39. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
40. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
41. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
42. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
21 languages
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools

















From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]
 Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The
Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]
 The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
  Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
43. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
44. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
45. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
46. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
47. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
48. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
49. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
50. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
51. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
52. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
53. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
54. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
55. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
56. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
vvvvvvThe quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages
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 Talk
 Read
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Tools

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for
Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
43. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
44. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
45. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
46. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
 47. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
48. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
49. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
50. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
51. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
52. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
53. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
54. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
55. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
56. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
43. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
44. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
45. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
46. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
47. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
48. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
 49. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
50. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
51. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
52. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
53. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
54. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
55. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
56. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
43. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
44. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
45. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
46. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
47. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
48. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
 49. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
50. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
51. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
52. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
53. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
54. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
55. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
56. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

21 languages
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools

















From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing
presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
57. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
58. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
59. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
60. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
61. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
62. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
63. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
64. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
65. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
66. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
67. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
68. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
69. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
70. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
vvvvvvThe quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]
 Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The
Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]
 The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
  Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
57. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
58. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
59. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
60. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
61. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
62. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
63. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
64. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
65. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
66. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
67. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
68. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
69. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
70. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
57. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
58. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
59. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
60. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
61. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
62. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
63. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
64. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
65. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
66. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
67. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
68. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
69. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
70. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools
 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
57. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
58. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
59. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
60. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
61. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
62. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
63. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
64. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
65. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
66. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
67. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
68. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
69. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
70. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

21 languages
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 














From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
71. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
72. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
73. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
74. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
 75. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
76. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
77. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
78. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
79. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
80. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
81. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
82. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
83. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
84. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
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dog
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing
presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
71. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
72. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
73. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
74. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
75. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
76. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
77. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
78. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
79. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
80. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
81. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
82. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
83. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
84. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses
(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
71. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
72. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
73. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
74. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
75. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
76. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
77. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
78. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
79. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
80. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
81. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
82. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
83. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
84. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435
External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses
(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
71. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
72. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
73. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
74. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
75. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
76. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
77. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
78. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
79. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
80. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
81. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
82. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
83. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
84. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
21 languages
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools

















From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]
 Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The
Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]
 The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
  Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
85. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
86. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
87. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
88. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
89. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
90. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
91. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
92. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
93. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
94. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
95. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
96. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
97. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
98. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
vvvvvvThe quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for
Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
85. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
86. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
87. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
88. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
 89. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
90. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
91. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
92. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
93. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
94. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
95. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
96. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
97. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
98. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
85. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
86. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
87. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
88. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
89. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
90. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
 91. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
92. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
93. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
94. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
95. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
96. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
97. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
98. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
85. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
86. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
87. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
88. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
89. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
90. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
 91. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
92. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
93. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B. Tauris & Co.
Ltd. p. 225.
94. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
95. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-05-28.
Retrieved 2021-06-08.
96. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
97. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
98. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

21 languages
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools

















From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing
presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
99. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
100. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
101. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal.
Label & Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
102. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald.
[microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5.
Retrieved 2021-11-16.
103. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London:
Pearson. p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
104. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes.
p. 12.
105. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
106. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
107. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B.
Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 225.
108. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
109. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-
05-28. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
110. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
111. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived
from the original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
112. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor,
2001, ISBN 0385722435
External links[edit]
vvvvvvThe quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]
 Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The
Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]
 The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
  Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
99. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
100. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
101. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal.
Label & Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
102. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald.
[microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5.
Retrieved 2021-11-16.
103. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London:
Pearson. p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
104. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes.
p. 12.
105. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
106. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
107. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B.
Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 225.
108. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
109. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-
05-28. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
110. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
111. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived
from the original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
112. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor,
2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
99. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
100. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
101. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal.
Label & Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
102. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald.
[microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5.
Retrieved 2021-11-16.
103. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London:
Pearson. p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
104. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes.
p. 12.
105. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
106. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
107. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B.
Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 225.
108. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
109. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-
05-28. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
110.^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
111.^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
112.^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools
 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
99. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February 10,
1885. p. 1.
100. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
101. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal.
Label & Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
102. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald.
[microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5.
Retrieved 2021-11-16.
103. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London:
Pearson. p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
104. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes.
p. 12.
105. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
106. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
107. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B.
Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 225.
108. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
109. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-
05-28. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
110.^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
111.^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived from the
original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
112.^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor, 2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]

The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

21 languages
 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools
 















From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]
 The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
  Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
113. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts.
February 10, 1885. p. 1.
114. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
115. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal.
Label & Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
116. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald.
[microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5.
Retrieved 2021-11-16.
117. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London:
Pearson. p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
118. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes.
p. 12.
119. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
120. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
121. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B.
Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 225.
122. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
123. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-
05-28. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
124. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
125. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived
from the original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
126. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor,
2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
vvvvvvThe quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing

presses (image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.

History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The

Boston Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]

Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for

Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]

Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]

Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram
With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".

See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period

References[edit]
113. ^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts.
February 10, 1885. p. 1.
114. ^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
115. ^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal.
Label & Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
116. ^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald.
[microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5.
Retrieved 2021-11-16.
 117. ^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London:
Pearson. p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
118. ^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes.
p. 12.
119. ^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
120. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
121. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B.
Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 225.
122. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
123. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-
05-28. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
124. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
125. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived
from the original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
126. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor,
2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
113.^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February
10, 1885. p. 1.
114.^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
115.^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
116.^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
117.^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
118.^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
 119.^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
120. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
121. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B.
Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 225.
122. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
123. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-
05-28. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
124. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
125. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived
from the original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
126. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor,
2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy
dog
21 languages

 Article
 Talk
 Read
 Edit
 View history
Tools


 


From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The phrase shown in metal moveable type, used in printing presses

(image reversed for readability)
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog" is an English-language pangram –
a sentence that contains all the letters of the alphabet. The phrase is commonly used for touch-
typing practice, testing typewriters and computer keyboards, displaying examples of fonts, and other
applications involving text where the use of all letters in the alphabet is desired.
History[edit]

Item from the February 9, 1885, edition of The Boston

Journal mentioning the phrase "A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
The earliest known appearance of the phrase was in The Boston Journal. In an article titled "Current
Notes" in the February 9, 1885, edition, the phrase is mentioned as a good practice sentence for
writing students: "A favorite copy set by writing teachers for their pupils is the following, because it
contains every letter of the alphabet: 'A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.'" [1] Dozens of other
newspapers published the phrase over the next few months, all using the version of the sentence
starting with "A" rather than "The".[2] The earliest known use of the phrase starting with "The" is from
the 1888 book Illustrative Shorthand by Linda Bronson.[3] The modern form (starting with "The")
became more common even though it is slightly longer than the original (starting with "A").
A 1908 edition of the Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine records that when the New York
Herald was equipping an office with typewriters "a few years ago", staff found that the common
practice sentence of "now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of the party" did not
familiarize typists with the entire alphabet, and ran onto two lines in a newspaper column. They write
that a staff member named Arthur F. Curtis invented the "quick brown fox" pangram to address this. [4]
 Pictorial depiction of the pangram from Scouting for Boys (1908) [5]

As the use of typewriters grew in the late 19th century, the phrase began appearing in typing lesson
books as a practice sentence. Early examples include How to Become Expert in Typewriting: A
Complete Instructor Designed Especially for the Remington Typewriter (1890),[6] and Typewriting
Instructor and Stenographer's Hand-book (1892). By the turn of the 20th century, the phrase had
become widely known. In the January 10, 1903, issue of Pitman's Phonetic Journal, it is referred to
as "the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet". [7] Robert Baden-
Powell's book Scouting for Boys (1908) uses the phrase as a practice sentence for signaling.[5]
The first message sent on the Moscow–Washington hotline on August 30, 1963, was the test phrase
"THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPED OVER THE LAZY DOG'S BACK 1234567890". [8] Later, during
testing, the Russian translators sent a message asking their American counterparts, "What does it
mean when your people say 'The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog'?"[9]
During the 20th century, technicians tested typewriters and teleprinters by typing the sentence.[10]
It is the sentence used in the annual Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Competition, a cursive
writing competition which has been held in the U.S. since 1991.[11][12]
Computer usage[edit]

The phrase being used in a BBC Ceefax test from 1972.

The phrase used to preview a computer typeface

In the age of computers, this pangram is commonly used to display font samples and for
testing computer keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and
encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic character set
compatibility.[citation needed]
Microsoft Word has a command to auto-type the sentence, in versions up to Word 2003, using the
command =rand() , and in Microsoft Office Word 2007 and later using the
command =rand.old() .[13]

Cultural references[edit]
Numerous references to the phrase have occurred in movies, television, books, video games,
advertising, websites, and graphic arts.
The lipogrammatic novel Ella Minnow Pea by Mark Dunn is built entirely around the "quick brown
fox" pangram and its inventor. It depicts a fictional island off the South Carolina coast that idealizes
the pangram, chronicling the effects on literature and social structure as various letters are banned
from daily use by government dictum.[14]
Other pangrams[edit]
Main article: Pangram

With 35 letters, this is not the shortest pangram. Shorter examples include:

 "Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex." (28 letters)

 "Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow." (29 letters)
 "How vexingly quick daft zebras jump!" (30 letters)
 "Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs." (32 letters)
If abbreviations and non-dictionary words are allowed, it is possible to create a perfect pangram that
uses each letter only once, such as "Mr. Jock, TV quiz PhD, bags few lynx".
See also[edit]
 Filler text
o Etaoin shrdlu – Common metal-type printing error
o Lorem ipsum – Placeholder text used in publishing and graphic design
 Thousand Character Classic – Chinese educational poem that uses exactly 1,000
characters, each appearing once
 Iroha – Early Middle Japanese pangram poem, composed before 1079 in the Heian
period
References[edit]
113.^ "Current Notes" (PDF). Boston Journal (morning ed.). Boston, Massachusetts. February
10, 1885. p. 1.
114.^ "Search for 'quick brown fox'". Newspapers.com. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
115.^ Bronson, Linda Pennington (1888). Illustrative Shorthand. San Francisco: Cal. Label &
Maccabe Litho. Co. p. 76.
116.^ Los Angeles Herald Sunday Magazine (1908-11-08). "Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel]
(Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, November 08, 1908, Image 51". p. 5. Retrieved 2021-11-
16.
117.^ Jump up to:a b Baden-Powell, Robert (1908). Scouting for Boys (PDF). London: Pearson.
p. 76. ISBN 0-665-98794-3.
118.^ Barnes, Lovisa Ellen (1890). How to Become Expert in Typewriting. A.J. Barnes. p. 12.
 119.^ "The Fox Typewriter". Pitman's Phonetic Journal. January 10, 1903.
120. ^ "Washington Moscow Hotline". Cryptomuseum.com. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
121. ^ Rusk, Dean (1991). As I Saw It: A Secretary of State's Memoirs. London: I.B.
Tauris & Co. Ltd. p. 225.
122. ^ Vegter, Wobbe (June 2007). "Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot". ThemNews. 8 (2).
Retrieved 2013-09-21.
123. ^ "Students Compete To See Who Has The Best Cursive Writing". NPR.org. 2021-
05-28. Retrieved 2021-06-08.
124. ^ "About the Zaner-Bloser National Handwriting Contest". www.zaner-bloser.com.
Retrieved 8 June 2021.
125. ^ "kb212251 Microsoft support". Support.microsoft.com. 2011-09-18. Archived
from the original on 2012-07-15. Retrieved 2013-09-21.
126. ^ Ella Minnow Pea: A Novel in Letters, by Mark Dunn, Anchor,
2001, ISBN 0385722435

External links[edit]