QUIZ #6

LESSON 6: THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES

1. Who is the author of the book "On the Origin of Species"? 12. Which of the following statements best describes Lamarck's
a. Charles Darwin theory of evolution?
b. Gregor Mendel a. Organisms acquire traits during their lifetime and
c. Alfred Russel Wallace pass them on to their offspring
d. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck b. Organisms change over time through random genetic
2. In which year was "On the Origin of Species" first published? mutations
a. 1859 c. Organisms evolve through natural selection acting on
b. 1872 heritable traits
c. 1900 d. Organisms adapt to their environment through
d. 1925 artificial selection
3. What is the central mechanism proposed by Darwin for the 13. What term describes the process by which species evolve into
evolution of species? new species over time?
a. Artificial selection a. Speciation
b. Genetic drift b. Convergent evolution
c. Natural selection c. Divergent evolution
d. Hybridization d. Adaptive radiation
4. Which term describes the process by which organisms better 14. What is the name of the concept proposed by Darwin to
adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce explain why some traits are more common in a population?
more offspring? a. Fitness
a. Genetic drift b. Adaptation
b. Natural selection c. Survival of the fittest
c. Gene flow d. Variation
d. Mutation 15. Which of the following is an example of artificial selection?
5. What is the concept of descent with modification? a. Farmers breeding cows for increased milk production
a. The idea that organisms evolve from a common b. Wolves evolving into dogs over thousands of years
ancestor and change over time c. Birds developing different beak shapes based on food
b. The idea that each species is created separately and availability
independently d. Polar bears adapting to a changing climate
c. The idea that acquired traits can be inherited by 16. What term describes the process by which different species
offspring evolve similar traits independently of each other?
d. The idea that species become less complex over time a. Convergent evolution
6. What is the name of the ship on which Charles Darwin sailed b. Divergent evolution
during his voyage around the world? c. Adaptive radiation
a. HMS Victory d. Natural selection
b. HMS Beagle 17. What type of selection favors individuals at both extremes of a
c. HMS Endeavour phenotypic range?
d. HMS Challenger a. Stabilizing selection
7. What important observation did Darwin make about finches in b. Directional selection
the Galapagos Islands? c. Disruptive selection
a. They had similar beak shapes and sizes d. Artificial selection
b. They were all the same species 18. What is the term used to describe the total collection of alleles
c. They were adapted to different diets based on their in a population?
beak shapes a. Phenotype
d. They were all migratory birds b. Genotype
8. Which scientist independently formulated a theory of natural c. Allelic frequency
selection around the same time as Darwin? d. Gene pool
a. Gregor Mendel 19. Which of the following statements best describes the concept
b. Alfred Russel Wallace of biogeography?
c. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck a. The study of the geographic distribution of species
d. Thomas Malthus b. The study of the fossil record
9. What is the term used to describe structures that have lost c. The study of the similarities and differences in the
their original function in an organism but have been retained structure of organisms
through evolution? d. The study of the genetic makeup of populations
a. Vestigial structures 20. What was the prevailing theory of species diversity before
b. Homologous structures Darwin proposed his theory of evolution?
c. Analogous structures a. Catastrophism
d. Convergent structures b. Uniformitarianism
10. Which of the following is NOT one of the principles of c. Lamarckism
Darwinian evolution? d. Special creation
a. Variation
b. Adaptation
c. Inheritance of acquired characteristics
d. Natural selection
11. What evidence did Darwin gather to support his theory of
evolution?
a. Fossil records
b. Comparative anatomy
c. Biogeography
d. All of the above