Professional Documents
Culture Documents
KHAMMAM
UNIT: V
SUBJECT: NURSING MANAGEMENT
GUIDED BY: Dr. Mrs. Ratna Philip, Principal DATE:
PRESENTED BY: Mrs. Udaya Sree.G, M.Sc. (N) II year TIME:
HUMAN RESOURCE FOR HEALTH
Introduction
Human resource management is the process of acquiring and retaining the
organization's human resource.
Acquisition of human resource includes human resource planning, recruitment, selection
and orientation. Retention activities include performance appraisal, placement, training
and development, discipline and corrective counseling, compensation and benefit.
STAFFING
Introduction
Staffing is an orderly systematic process based upon sound rationale applied to
determine the number and kind of nursing personnel required to provide nursing care of
predetermined standard to group of patients in particular setting.
Too few or an improper mixture of nursing personnel will adversely affect the quality
and quantity of work performed. Such situation can lead to high rates of absenteeism and
staffs turn-over resulting in low morale and dissatisfaction.
Definition
Staffing is the process of determining and providing the acceptable number and mix of
nursing personnel to produce a desired level of care to meet the patients’ demand.
Purpose
The purpose of all staffing activities is to provide each nursing unit with an appropriate
and acceptable number of workers in each category to perform the nursing tasks
required.
Elements of staffing
Staffing or human resource process consists of a series of steps which are given below:
1. Procurement: Employment of proper number and personnel is the first function of
staffing. This involves:
a) Manpower planning.
b) Recruitment.
c) Selection.
d) Placement
Manpower planning is the process of determining current and future
manpower needs in terms of the number and quality of personnel.
Recruitment implies locating sources of acceptable candidates.
Selection involves choice of right type of people from the available
candidates.
Placement means assigning specific jobs in the selected candidates.
5. Maintenance: It involves provision of such facilities and services that are required to
maintain the physical and mental health of employees.
These include measures of health, safety, and comfort of employees.
Various welfare services may consist of provision of cafeteria, restrooms,
counseling, recreation club etc.
Staffing process
Staffing is logical operation that consists of several independent actions:
Identify the type and amount of nursing care needed by the patient.
Determine personnel categories that have the knowledge and skills to perform needs.
Predicting the number of personnel in each job category that will be needed to meet
anticipated care demands.
Obtaining budgeted positions for the number in each job category needed to care for
the expected type and number of patients.
Recruiting personnel to fill available applicants.
Selecting and appointing personnel from available applications.
Orienting personnel to fulfill assigned responsibilities.
RECRUITMENT
Introduction
One of the important responsibilities of the personnel department in a hospital is to
recruit and select the right persons for the right jobs. Recruitment, selection and
induction are crucial complex and continuing functions of the personnel department.
Every organization should pay maximum attention to evolve attractive staffing polices.
Recruitment is the first step in the process of filling a vacancy. Recruitment is a process
of searching for prospective employee. The purpose of recruitment to provide a pool of
potentially qualified job candidates.
DEFINITIONS
Recruitment is a process of securing applications to fill vacant positions. It covers
both the filling of new and replacement of previously established posts which fall
vacant.
Recruitment is a process to discover the source of manpower, to meet the
requirements of the staffing schedule and to employ effective measures, attracting
the manpower in adequate numbers to facilitate effective selection of an efficient
working force.
-Acc to Yoder
RECRUITMENT POLICY
It has been accepted that there is need for a sound recruitment policy, because faculty
recruitment policy inflicts a permanent weakness upon the administration the latter
virtually becomes a heaven for dull and incompetent. The basic elements of sound
recruitment policy should include the following:-
Discovery and cultivation of the employment market for posts/marketing a job in
the public/private services.
Use of attractive recruitment literature and publicity
Use of scientific tests for determining abilities of the candidates
Tapping capable candidates from within the service
RECRUITMENT PROCESS
It involves a systematic procedure from sourcing the candidates to arranging and
conducting the interviews and requires many resources and time.
A general recruitment process is as follows:-
a) Identifying vacancy:- The recruitment process begins with the human resource
department receiving requisitions for recruitment from any department of the
company. These contain:-
Posts to be filled
Number of persons
Duties to be performed
Qualification required
b) Preparing the job description and person specification.
c) Locating and developing the source of required number and type of employees
(Advertising) etc.
d) Short listing and identifying the prospective employee with required
characteristics
e) Arranging the interviews with the selected candidates.
f) Conducting the interview and decision making.
RECRUITMENT METHODS
Health agencies use multiple methods to recruit needed employees as follows:
A) ADEVERTISING: - By giving advertisements in newspapers local, regional, national
and international levels and also journal advertisements. The advertisement
should be designed in such way that it arouses the interest of potential candidate.
The media of advertisements should be selected carefully. It is always better
inserted in a newspaper or journal.
B) CAREER_ DAY PROGRAMME:- In some places nursing schools and colleges hold,
annual career –day programmes during which recruiting officers from local health
agencies inform senior students about employment opportunities in those
organizations.
D) EMPLOYEE REFERRALS:- Is the method in which the present staff recruit their
nurse-acquaintances i.e. recruiter who wishes to fill positions in a particular
nursing unit should ask employees in the unit to recruit nurses with whom they
have worked comfortably on other settings.
After calling for an application for the positions, through notifications or
advertising or any method, the recruiter receives applications from applicants.
When recruitment activities are unusually effective, several candidates may apply
for a single position.
Next step is to screening of applications for short listing through scrutinizing
applications. Next step is calling for applicants to appear for interview, by fixing
the date, time, and venue etc.
After conducting pre employment interview and pre employment tests, selection
decisions are made with an eye towards satisfying specific organizational goals. In
making a selection decision, the manager must pay close attention to the candidates
present abilities and interests on the other hand, placement is the process of choosing,
from several positions, to one best suited for a particular candidate, and placement
decisions are made with an eye to satisfying specific employee goals.
SOURCES OF RECRUITMENT
Every organization has the option of choosing the candidates for its recruitment process
from two kinds of sources: internal and external sources. The sources within the
organization itself (like transfer of employees from one department to other.
Promotions) to fill a position are known as the internal sources of recruitment.
Recruitment candidates from all the other sources (like outsourcing agencies etc.) are
known as the external sources of the recruitment.
Sources of recruitment
INTERNAL EXTERNAL
2. Promotions: The employees are promoted from one department to another with
more benefits and greater responsibility based on efficiency and experience.
Others are upgrading and demotion of present employees according to their
performance.
3. Retired and retrenched employees: may also be recruited once again in case of
shortage of qualified personnel or increase in load of work, recruit such people save
time and costs of the organizations as the people are already aware of the
organizational culture and the policies and procedures.
The dependents and relatives of deceased employees and disabled employees are also
done by many companies so that the members of the family do not become dependent on
the mercy of others.
APPOINTMENT
In some hospitals, the selection committee consists of one person from the personnel
department, the department heads and one representative of the head of the hospital.
After interviewing all candidates the selection committee submits its
recommendations for approval to the head of the hospital who is generally the hiring and
firing authority.
Medical examination: - The selection of the right type of employee requires a thorough
knowledge of his physical capacities and handicaps. No employee should be placed on
the job unless he has been declared medically fit.
ORIENTATION
Orientation is the process of acquiring a new worker with the work environment so that
she or he can relate quickly and effectively to new surroundings. The purpose of
orientation is to make the new employee feel wanted and needed by co-workers and
supervisors and to convince the employee that her or his presence is important to
achievement of (health) agency goals.
The preliminary aspect of orientation is indoctrination or induction training.
Induction training includes introduction to rules, regulations, policies and
procedures that apply to all agency employees.
Indoctrination begins with an explanation of agency’s history, purpose, and
structure and is followed by information about conditions of employment,
workers identification, working hours, holiday time, vacation allowance, sick
time, position classification, performance standards, performance evaluation,
pay days, parking facilities, eating facilities health services, laundry service and
educational opportunities.
PROBATION
During probation period, a close watch should be kept on the employee. If a new
employee is properly groomed by his immediate supervisor and head of the department,
he will prove to be an asset for the organization. The probationary report should be
given by department head, 15 days prior to the completion of probation period, which
should be just and fair.
SELECTION
Once the organizations recruitment activities have succeeded in attracting sufficient
number of relevant applicants from the external labour market the aim of the subsequent
selection activities is to identify the much suitable applicants and persuade them to join
the organization.
Selection procedure:
The selection techniques or methods are mainly depends upon the size of the
institutions, nature of the duty, kind and number of person to be employed, government
regulations to be followed.
g) Tests: Tests are conducted to measure the job related abilities and skills of
applicants. The tests may like psychological tests, performance tests.
h) Final interview: It is usually followed by the testing.
i) Final decision by the line manager: The manager concerned has to make the
final decision whether to select or reject a candidate.
j) Employment: After the final decision the institution has to intimate this decision
to the successful as well as unsuccessful candidates through the appointment
orders.
m)Induction: The final step in the selection process is that of induction of the new
employee into the social setting of his work, it mainly includes :
Introduction with supervisors and coworkers.
Tour of all departments.
Explaining job description.
RETENTION
Employee retention
It involves taking measures to encourage employees to remain in the organization
for maximum period of time.
Organizing is facing a lot of problems in employee retention these days.
Hiring knowledgeable people for the job is essential for an employer, but retention
is more important than hiring.
Employees stay and leave organizations for some reasons. The organizations are
becoming aware of these reasons and adopting many strategies for employee
retention.
PROMOTION
The word “promote” is derived from the Latin expression defines “promovere” meaning
“to move forward’. The dictionary meanings of promote are:
To excel in a situation, rank or honour, to elevate, to advance.
To contribute to growth or prosperity for something cause to perform further
To advance from a given grade or classes as qualified for one higher.
The term “promotion” refers to a change for better prospects from one job to another job
in deemed by the employee. The factors which are considered by employee as implying
promotion are
a. An increase in salary
b. An increase in job prestige
c. An upward movement in the hierarchy of jobs
d. Additional supervisory responsibility and
e. A better future.
The unions generally favour promotions on the basis of seniority and managements
usually favour promotion on the basis of merits. However, it is an ideal to have following
factors which must be the basis for promotion.
Outstanding service in terms of quality as well as quantity
Above average achievements in patient care and or public relations
Experience
Seniority
Initiative
Recognition by employees as a leader
Record of loyalty and co-operation.
Purpose of promotion:
Organizational needs - promotion helps organization to retain its talented human
resources.
Individual needs - the individual attach very high importance to status and job
responsibilities which they get out of promotion.
Promotion is a reward for better performance of an employee.
It attracts suitable persons in the organization.
It is done to put employees in a position where he will be more useful to the
organization.
CONCLUSION
Hence, every organization should pay maximum attention to evolve attractive staffing
polices. Recruitment is the first step in the process of filling a vacancy. Recruitment is a
process of searching for prospective employee.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BT Basavanthappa. The text book of Nursing administration, 1 st edition; Jaypee
brother publication, 2008.
Neelam Kumari. The text book of management of nursing service and education: P
V publications.
KHAMMAM
SEMINAR ON
HUMAN RESOURCE FOR HEALTH
SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
MRS. Dr. Ratna Philip. M.Sc (N), Ph.D., MRS.UDAYA SREE.G
Principal M.Sc. (N) II YEAR
MAMATA COLLEGE OF NURSING MAMATA COLLEGE OF NURSING
KHAMMAM KHAMMAM