Marath Empic (I700-181a)

1704 Auvangub dath

Declie e Mughauy
eMaathag
Relahve ise in he posihon

maoatha emplie had the

the poknbat
Pctohs
In many wayS the
( tin Hoalel
,but this fhay fil
Came h nent fn-1ntkion empie
to do, due to he
mtue ek the Maatha
poli y
poli hy

itse(f Distuss

Stuchue eMaraha tmpîe

Revenue ol echonleta
IPouhcal adminishaion Asmy
L Th thevahy u
1- ing Systum e goniSahon e myt
2 - Peshuua evenue Collechen Wod Xtaby
3 mavaha Sasdans Similayo ths e the mughead
Jagdhoy system whith he
ora i Maha Clledo
ualios: Tndoe
Schiodas Hol ks Bhorsle Savan jon Sy steM
NO Significant impovenen n pkuchuy
a) Afler 6 0 S me So rom Agmuu
800S oudds thac un bittes
fachomlism blw Moatha Sadans(schinda,tolbar, Bheyle)
Same a Ioni Turani Hirduste in
the mugho
A moj Cnhal tabness Mavathy uy that Fhe
he
failed to establi a divect adnioiite psesente in egions
Oudside mahavash tq. Thus in egions oudside mahondshba,
ttei? aLest waud 9e g0 eyond chauth
Scndeshmuthi ( 4Ye foy vevenle Share)
 the decth e Auang2eb he
.that hough,attex
evarhuo
evertua decline e Cenhal mughalythe baloaCe et
i1Hted in tk favour maathag nabed
Powe
Evenia s e COnveting em to the
theiY Novthen
poe-eminent
powe e Centsal dia thy failed hold
on to thiY

Thi's wos due tb he undeying poli bal 2

etenomial Shuchral weakness diussed aov uhiuh we

Simila t mughaly
in man

Howe e a (vihtal Shovtoing whth Jed to theiv

Ste ep decline wa thu inabili to Maintun

adminisbahve pekne n gions duttide mahavash ha 4
uhen faced by a Shong etewod plauye Sudh a
thus
the afghan invaders Theuy Suffeed a huge defcat in
Panipat in 1961

Note
nughal atleat Muntained Sgme adsinisha hiv pente unlike
left the vegions thej wV to the alie
th
the maxtha But maotho)
,

nevey bothond abt then.

Timeine

163 O Shivaji des

Son

Sammj Rasaydm
Sutedd Shij i) Csuceeded Sanbyi) kut kad in l610

Son 1aBa bhcu (in te name e, his Jon Shivnay l1)

Sahu in 1690

l709 aftx aubaagreb deat.

Succession diute in
Sahu Tara bhai
Tooabha wn uleb hn l62- 140t: Sahu Wo Sent bo ul
 Sahu wog ecd hom Saul inn19 04 aftev Quroay
unony2e
d initate Succesion dipde b) Toabha o
dea a
Sahu Blot the mughl oeve uantd tvabha to Suldue mugho,
vho wee M akey Posihon Uith the deah e auang
So To (xae Cun intemal dkpute Sahu ub leo
o Jai
This dpde Camcd on bll 04-17IS

Sahu emengd victoviousb SMOMthos StHled suttes

Dputt
)

+IS Sahu vido

Balayi visharinath Peshua (Pivne miniykes) Plagd
a key ole in the viCy
Maghals offiüally ognid maato le
Oves maharash b
mughaly

1719 Signed deal with Mavathoy giving themlmupd

a Conb oveY mautha and a chauth 2 Scndeshmul
xMau egi6n

Balayi vishwancrth dies aur he ade peshuashp

hcoed itary

172 0 Bayi Rad Son et Ralaji) Be Lomes the

PCshwq

72 Sahu dieJ
PeghtuaS Covm
Boji Rao Coume the ules
720 (740 a i Boyi Kad e
eb.maaatha
Maatha's Ueve ot theiY Peak
duning This
Pes huashi? Picd ule
 1 Baloy Bay Rao dics (1140-61)

Anglb Mavatha WaYs

Rad Dies 1n 1201

%6 Balaji Bayi
betame the Pejua in t972
Navuna a hid to, be
by his untle
2 Na»ayan Rao udaasasingled
Raghunath Rao in an attemp to beCome the
NR
xt eshwa ( is not dead )

174 Manatha Savdhas loanthed an atfaek tb

Caphue Raghunath R

TAnglo Maatha c C775-1782

havaha
Bnkuh
VS
Sadhars Ragunarth Rao

Ragunath Rald aftey fotseing the atack Catha sadhay-

asted the Bihshe f help. he Bnhsh sesenle ay dvady
heve in Salsette
gi(mumbai) oast So ty agwed
to this

But Maxatha Sa»dhass nd ET

lake attenpted to each
odead hus uay thR inConcusie Toclye Puendan(1
But Brhh agted the monathoy Aot to ll Ragunceh Ras
blaus tey neves ud to be Seen uke they
descated Cleave) his Pastney mid-uay.
The Tealy wo inohusive Ond

Sumpted
n
1739- eattle Wadgaon
W Maxaha Saddhas S Bn huh
 hsh lst
Masathal OsA he batfle.
in 1782 made
The Bnhih no b o n l a l t ed
whith
bith the Mbathaj

Teaby et Salabai

in the egion
bo 1992-1802
Srught peace
Blw
mavathal the Bnbish
behoeen the tuo
No Futher autheak hoshliles
Camps
the Bitish doe a Ch lal
Wjth the teaty
thut in Case Oukbeak
assuance fro maoathas
MoYathay Jad
eb hoshbbeg wih myse
aJo, the mavatto
Suppo Bhsh Bcor in 2d Anglo-mySoe
bohsh So Bnt wadel to tu to
SuPpovted Myses aguny
Mabathay inb heis favcus
1
flashbae t
the vChvy Mavat
In the Butfe e oadgaon
GGdhax Dos Made
Gnd theuniy b the Mavafa
Nana Fadnavis loe o he ovdhax)
Fossible onlyby
Fadnavis cane he 9ad lous the
Peuey aftex the
Anglo-manath wa 4 made the POsiien e
Pe shuial vi tually PoutvlesS

1800 fadnavtS dies

1802 HiS Son Bayi Ran o to Powe
upratd Cfrd
b
Schiodias HoTka s
Stavted Plundenng ecyi Rao's
teysitnS arond POona
 N
the Biksh f help
Raoll àppiached
Baji
eSubsidiay alliag:1aj Bassein
pon signin4
Mchatha tiay 1802-18os
TT Anglo-
VS Holtass (one e moathe ardhas)
Bnhsh

Byi Rao TL

CThtaly t
eusin
L foud maathal jnto a Sublidiay allione
thmanafka hxd noMal Poue

Bnhsh on Holkas lol

+3BatHk Panipt (1461)

Battle eh puipa
I is often aqued thod the 3
feahux tha Shaped the
tun a ky defining
hisbod 1gth Conhuny ndia. Disuis
a favtunte battle goud
why Panipau
PEgh .pania dnbol gMa thas)
0delhi(mughal
bu, indivect
fnvadess Panipat Foie plauns Cud
neaxcr to the Cenee Poury r Delhi
Mavuthog

Motho-) i lGng to entend their empre

till delhi 4 infact &elh unde ter ind'nh
Control
Afgho wilbng to inude delh
i0vadey
So borh e then Coume iq a nahoal Conftrt
 Novh enh
NOY
Contol extended
to R Cenha
1760-> Masatho
Cantaincd under mughal
the ue
India though who were Sponsj
(onlyinDen) the maa tha
Symbel. I t ua
mug hal muler fom any
t (enbal
to pvotech hi's clahonship
Cukside 09gesion
Subsequent
blmuighaly marathaj
e ted given the
Sardeshmukh
Continuc) Ppayment chauh
Cenbal mug hai ule Manathaj

Paniput (761)
3 Battle
AhmadShoh Abdali
Afghan in vCtdex* Ctnkol Mughal ue
VS +
Rulex e Rohila khan Majo mil Boj vole
Way ndev

Nauiab e Awadh
CShuja -ud - duala)

Maatha Solgiens wne led dund

Mos than SODD6
also alost hal the topP militund leadeship e
Mavathod Sucumbed in the wad

Signhlan deoie vich fo Afghan jocers

Signihlante ethe Rattle

.
The hu ilita
huo Settoc e aatho Sealed theiv fade
2the declire eMasaas began aft» he 3d attk-
Tn Many S ,thus The * Battle aos SigniHiant
beCouse given the huge milihary t batkit betame
clea ,tha mavatha tooulá not bccome the
Nott Pa-Lnd nne
 b this maatha defpot
The Indintc bnihiGoi 9
we he Bvihsh twho were also establis hng thi pxence
in Bengal 2 Hdeaabud by his ime CI760-63) 4 the

mctatha defeat aw the lanc CPow

South Asio slouly but Susely shif hing in e
dint chon d Bhsh.

factos kd to
Masatha Dfeat

Theis clatve lac peo ke in wmjave in plou

cgion Civen the fact tha mavata pshue loy in
gusuella waskwe ) The tpagaphy Ponpat ay
Pokaps Somcthng that did not Sut Mathou Sbategy
2) Afghay foy uee a mac Supcmor fighhng unit he

had Signihcant in fyhng in t planu eu

Sup
3)The log Suy ine souley for maathes in the
Battle PunipatE given their latk e Pemhent Plente
hcxe also Contibuted to thus defeat

Note
Cnuenlla uasfare Maxathay aIye vey 4ocd at this

A miGtooy Shategy that Uabea milituo Smalley

fole to Subdue a much bigge CPponent by vidhe
6thiY nowledge abou th topogophy tb fhe gin
T Tovoves aa Clemen C upise lEading to deleat
efke CPpOnent
Ltgeneully is Usehl in fedaeoy Gnd the magenty

Mavothas prijo i he
 favaude Bettle Yond
why Panipat is a

Panipatadjouming Delbi Wee he meyo Cunte

uhch any entemal Powes wau ha u
thntugh fasHade
0tented plundey No th 10dia ,
it thy
the ferble& prduchive plain Canga

Thus the fghan oftn faund theselver involvd

in
Was aypund Panigak

Placeit in a jnei tabe poshon a he

fose hot tMany ucS

3 3d Batte e panipat wheve the (panding mavattay

Seeking to bning Novth Tndia under heY ontol
found them sclws, toing an incvitble situahontht
Pitted them agains Afghan inNadens aso Seeting
W
to plundev the dame

3d Anglo- Mdoatha war (IS19-19)

X

Baji Rao L Bitsh e1C

(Nava tha Cnpeo
VS
Ho) Ear tydena ad (Asaf Jai n1)
Bhonsle
Schindiw
Pindan(mestra) woY
Atter inting the B»bih Supdued
he Peshoas hiP
 until no,
the Bhh chly puasuing indiset ontel
bu after his a they
thomugh Subikay culbantt
changed it to Di>ect e

Tadivttt Divect Pule

Subsidiay alliante)

inG ple faanountoy marathoy

tould have to offially
5klog nize thev Suba diatahn
to the ihsh

a
Signihcasle the Anglo-Maradha

Tt cventually poved the way fhe Bhsh tukeovet

Indid gien that no ojoY giona POwe whth

Cauld have Gentested bnhsh pene wee left

2Folltwing9 the wa peshuandip was abolshes & the

Bnbsh Signalled the mduthon ek pudes aymec at
Sukodinahing Lodian states cBihsh Phesente This
wa efkcted in the Prinaple Pulidy Prvamouinly
Sugem auhenay) adoPred affer the d Aglo-mayaha
to Ldian Princely Stotes
The deine eh the mavathas though bcome nui
with he 3 battle Ponipat 1t t h e
ndeying
underlying

Sbuchoal asons uhith ueoe the ral Polem Maathg

yule Disus

Though the declne ek Madthas begdn wi Fd

Battle e Panipat I t uaj twnbually Conple hed by

the thivd Anglo Manatha ua DiSCuS

Recap t Manatha

toundahio et Maatha Stale by

Shivaji Shivaji'S death in 1680o follbud
by ntensL Fachenalism

Bnef uk yshvans Son's

Fis Sambhyi 4
then RajaxamThis a
Pensà
Canhnu.os ottle ith te mughal amu

16 90- Raja»am dies Hu een tnabau began

to uk in the nant t thiY infaSen
Shiva 2

JL
Releode shivayi's qundion Sahu frum mughal
Pmsion n
70. Two ival Contrday Kov
Monaha Thoore Ied to
intene Confuct C1101-15
 Shahe backrd b Peswa CP)
Bala vishuanath aultimately
Ciheged vichoiuy C(718-19)

In 1919, by helping the Sayyid bsters in

instolling muhamed Shah a a PuppeteMpesoy
in delhi Balayi vishwanath seutd a mughl
Ondes agni2ing Shahu's ight t chau
Savdeshmubh in the 6 mughal povin(y C
Deccan Chauth maluo 4 ujand ond
an idegerden StahU on mahanashthu

Then thc ic e Peuhuty

Bala Rayi Rat molt Successhl peJhuwa (Ho ut)

Ttahy et Puwdev t9?Intonduaiv)

tattie c ucdgaon 19 } Nana edocols,avdhau

Tseahy osalabu 2 (Bougt Peale hil 180)

1802 186S 2 waY dBatt le e panu p

Bntwon, Holkass lo) Afghe VS Mancitha

Mug hd

Tveaty 4 Bassein Afghan won

1819 3 MOsathe Se lohoy
dead
Bnt wn Mathc tmflt ke