CONFIDENTIAL CS/FEB 2022/MAT523/Set 1

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FINAL EXAMINATION

COURSE : LINEAR ALGEBRA II

COURSE CODE : MAT523
EXAMINATION : FEBRUARY 2022
TIME : 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of seven (7) questions.

2. Answer ALL questions in English.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 5 printed pages

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CONFIDENTIAL 2 CS/FEB 2022/MAT523/Set 1

QUESTION 1
a) Consider the system

x + 2y + z = 3
ay + 5z = 10
2x + 7y + az = b

i.Find those value(s) of a for which the system has a unique solution.

ii.Find those value(s) of a and b for which the system has infinitely many solutions.
(8 marks)

b) Suppose a 3 x 5 coefficient matrix has 3 pivot columns. Does the corresponding system of
equations consistent? Justify your answer.
(2 marks)

QUESTION 2

An inconsistent system of linear equations A𝐱 = b is given as:

−2x1 + x2 =1
4x1 − 2x2 =7
1
x1 − x2 =4
2
3
3x1 − x2 =2
2

a) Does the least square solution of the above system is unique? Give a reason for your
answer.
(2 marks)

b) Find the least square solution for the above system and calculate the error vector.
(8 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 3 CS/FEB 2022/MAT523/Set 1

QUESTION 3

a) Given matrix A = 1 0 1
2 1 1

i- Find rank(A).

ii- Hence, find the generalize inverse of matrix A given that

1 rCr AT
Ci+1 = tr(Ci B) I − Ci B and Ag =
i tr(Cr B)

(10 marks)

b) Let x and y be vectors in an inner product space. Given that ⟨𝐱, 𝐲⟩ = 6, ∥𝐱∥ = 5, and ∥𝐲∥ =
√11, find

i- ⟨𝐱 − 2𝐲, 3𝐱 + 𝐲⟩

ii- d(𝐱, 𝐲)
(7 marks)

QUESTION 4

a) Use the Wronskian to show that the functions 𝐟(𝐱) = e , 𝐠(𝐱) = xe , and 𝐡(𝐱) = x e are
linearly independent vectors in C∞ (−∞, ∞).
(7 marks)

b) Consider the set R = {𝐫, 𝐬, 𝐭} in P2 where,

𝐫=1+x 𝐬=x+x 𝐭 = 2 + 2x + 4x

i- Show that R does not form a basis in P2 . Give the reason.

ii- Determine the vector(s) that need to be removed (if any) from R and the standard basis
to be added into R to form a basis in P2 .

iii- Let S be a nonempty set of vectors in a vector space V. Show that if S is a linearly
independent set, and if 𝐯 is a vector in V that is outside span(S), then the set S ∪ {𝐯} is still
linearly independent.
(16 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 4 CS/FEB 2022/MAT523/Set 1

QUESTION 5
0 a b
Consider a matrix A = c 0 d where A is diagonalizable by an invertible matrix P such
e f 0
that P−1 AP = D.

a) State one (1) common property of A and D.

(1 mark)

b) State the condition of the matrix A and the value of a, b, c, d, e and f so that A is orthogonally
diagonalizable.
(2 marks)

c) Let a = b = c = d = e = f = 1 such that

0 1 1 r 0 0 −1 −1 1
A= 1 0 1 ,D = 0 r 0 and P = 1 0 1 .
1 1 0 0 0 s 0 1 1

Find an orthogonal matrix Q that orthogonally diagonalizes matrix A and find the Q−1 .

(10 marks)

d) Using the information in c), find the eigenvalues of A represent by r and s in the diagonal
matrix D, where D = Q AQ.
(4 marks)

QUESTION 6
a+b
Let T: P → ℝ be a linear transformation defined by T[a + bx + cx ] → c with bases B =
a−b
1 0 2
{−1 + x , 3 + 2x, 2 + x − x } and B′ = 0 , 1 , 0 respectively.
0 1 1

a) Find the transformation matrix relative to basis B and B′.

(6 marks)

b) −3
Given [𝐱] = 2 , compute T(𝐱) indirectly.
−4
(6 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 5 CS/FEB 2022/MAT523/Set 1

QUESTION 7

Let T: M × →M × be the linear operator defined by

a b a −b
T =
c d −c d

a) Find the transformation matrix [T] relative to the standard basis M in M2×2 .
(4 marks)

b) Let N be another basis in M 1 −1 0 1 0 0 0 0

2×2 where N = , , , .
0 0 2 0 1 −1 0 1

Find the transition matrix from M to N, [U] , .

(4 marks)

c) [T] is said to be similar to [T] . Hence, find the trace and determinant of [T] .

(Hint: Do not find [T] )

(3 marks)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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