3w Unit Two

SOFTWARE

A. READING SKILL
Warm-up. Pair/ Individual work.
Study the following images and answer these questions.
1. Can you name the icons in the images? See the example.
2. What can you do when you double click these icons?
3. What applications do you often use? What for?
4. What do you know about software and hardware?

Mozzila Firefox

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 Recycle

Comprehension Check
Cleverbox Software: Problems & Options _ vấn đề và sự lựa chọn
Executive Summary
Talking Software_phần mềm nói carried out_tiến hành thực hiện an analysis_một sự
phân tích on the IT estates_khu đất(địa điểm) of the two businesses_kinh doanh and
the high-level summary_tóm tắt is as follows_như sau: Problems: Talking Software
has noted_cho thấy that:
i. The IT infrastructure_cơ sở hạ tầng of the two businesses requires_yêu cầu
consolidation_sự củng cố into a single data centre and database_cơ sở dữ liệu.
There is an opportunity_cơ hội to reduce cost_giảm giá through server
consolidation. Communications infrastructure is compatible_tương thích (MPLS-
based) but will require some capacity_khả năng(dung lượng) increases_sự gia
tăng on certain links_ở những kết nối nhất định to ensure_đảm bảo that the end-
users‟ experience_kinh nghiệm of using the applications is acceptable_có thể
chấp nhận được.
ii. Server Operating_vận hành Systems are incompatible_không tương thích being
Windows and Linux. Desktop Operating Systems are also a problem because
Windows and Mac OS are used.
iii. Software Licenses_giấy phép: All departments_phòng ban(khoa) have been
purchasing_mua their own licenses and there are lots of agreements_sự tán
thành(đồng ý) with lots of vendors_máy bán hàng tự động and no volume
discounts_giảm giá. There are no coordinated_được kết hơp upgrades_sự nâng
cấp leaving some users and departments without_mà không the software
functionality_chức năng they need. This is all leading to_dẫn tới high numbers of
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 calls to the IT Helpdesk_bàn giúp đỡ and significant_nổi bật(đáng chú ý) training
costs.
iv. At a departmental level there are the following issues_vấn đề:
a) Human Resources_nguồn(tài nguyên): Cleverbox uses HR Pro as its HR
application_ứng dụng(áp dụng) in real time, whilst_trong khi Smart Route runs their
HR(Human Resources) activities using Microsoft Excel updated_nâng cấp(cập nhật)
monthly.
b) Finance_tài chính: Cleverbox Finance is struggling_đấu tranh vật lộn to
integrate_tích hợp with your own HR, Sales and Procurement_quá trình applications
due to_do vì different data formats_định dạng dữ liệu and scheduling_lập lịch trình.
This is leading to delays_trì hoãn in Payroll_thanh toán for your own staff_nhân
viên, late billing_lập hóa đơn to your clients_khách hàng and late invoice_hóa đơn
payments to suppliers_nhà cung cấp. Smart Route uses the Sage Release 2.0 which
you will not be able to integrate to.
c) Manufacturing_sản xuất: Cleverbox uses a self-developed_tự mình phát triển
application that integrates well within the business but will be completely_hoàn toàn
incompatible with Smart Route. Although it is integrated, the functionality is limited
and it provides very little management_quản lý information.
Options: Given the observations above_phía trên, we believe the options for
Cleverbox management are to:
1. Invest_đầu tư in Smart Route to change their operating system and
replace_thay thế their applications to mirror Cleverbox. A second stage_giai đoạn
would then consolidate_củng cố the information of both businesses into a single
database. This solution_giải pháp will support your business for the next three years.
The Cost of Option 1 will be one years profit and it will take two years to
execute_mất 2 năm để thực hiện.
2. Scrap_bỏ đi all the legacy software_phần mềm vốn có in both businesses and
invest_đầu tư in an off-the-shelf_mới tinh ERP (Enterprise_doanh nghiệp
Resource Planning) system. This will provide a common_chung database and
synchronized_đồng bộ data across the combined_kết hợp business. Modular_thuộc
về mô đun software applications for each department allow every department to
store_lưu trữ and retrieve_thu hồi standardized_tiêu chuẩn hóa data in real-time. This
option is future proof_bằng chứng. Option 2 will cost 2 years of profit_lợi nhuận and
take one year to implement_thực thi(thực hiện) and will support your business for
seven years.

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Dịch bài:
Phần mềm giao tiếp tiến hành một sự phân tích về IT của 2 ngành kinh daonh và bản
tóm tắt mức độ cao như sau:
Vấn đề: phần mềm giao tiếp đã cho thấy rằng:
i. cơ sở hạ tầng IT của 2 ngành kinh doanh yêu cầu sự cùng cố vào trung tâm dữ liệu
đơn lẻ và cơ sở dữ liệu. Đó là cơ hội để giảm giá thông qua sự củng cố máy chủ. Cơ
sở hạ tầng truyền thông tương thích nhưng sẽ yêu cầu một vài sự gia tăng dung lượng
ở những kết nối nhất định để đảm bảo rằng kinh ngiệm dùng ứng dụng của người
cuối cùng là chấp nhận được.
ii. Hệ thống quản lý máy chủ hiện tại không tương thích với Windows và Linux. Hệ
thống quản lý màn hình cũng có 1 vấn đề bởi vì windows và mac os đã được sử dụng
iii. Giấy phép phần mềm: tất cả phòng ban đã mua họ sở hữu giấy phép và có nhiều
sự tán thành với nhiều máy bán hàng tự động và không giảm giá khi mua nhiều.
Không có nâng cấp phối hợp mang tới một vài người dùng và phòng ban không có
chức năng phần mềm họ cần. Đó là tất cả dẫn tới số lượng lớn cuộc gọi tới bàn hỗ trợ
IT và nổi bật là giá luyện tập
iv. Ở một cấp độ phòng ban có những vấn đề như sau:
a) Nguồn nhân lực: Cleverbox sử dụng HR Pro như ứng dụng HR của nó trong thời
gian thực trong khi Smart Route chạy các hoạt động HR của họ đang dùng Microsoft
Excel cập nhật hàng tháng.
b) Tài chính: Cleverbox finance đang đấu tranh để tích hợp với HR của bạn, bán
hàng và ứng dụng quán trình do định dạng dữ liệu khác nhau và lập lịch trình. Cái
này dẫn tới những sự trì hoãn ở Payroll tới nhân viên của bạn, chậm thông báo hóa
đơn tới những khách hàng của bạn và chậm thanh toán hóa đơn tới nhà cung cấp.
Smart Route sử dụng Sage Release 2.0 thứ mà bạn sẽ không thể tích hợp vào.
c) Sản xuất: : Cleverbox sử dụng một ứng dụng tự mình phát triển nó tích hợp tốt
trong kinh doanh nhưng sẽ không tương thích hoàn toàn với Smart Route. Mặc dù nó
có tích hợp, chức năng có giới hạn và nó cung cấp rất nhiều thông tin quản lý
Lựa chọn: Nhất định sự quan sát phía trên, chúng tôi tin lựa chọn cho quản lý
Cleverbox là:
1. Đầu tư vào Smart route để thay đổi hệ thống quản lý của họ và thay thế ứng dụng
của họ tới sự phản chiếu Cleverbox. Giai đoạn thứ 2 sẽ củng cố về thông tin của cả 2
ngành kinh doanh thành cơ sở dữ liệu đơn. Giải pháp này sẽ hỗ trợ ngành kinh doanh
của bạn trong 3 năm tới. Chi phí của lựa chọn 1 sẽ là 1 năm lợi nhuận và nó sẽ mất 2
năm để thực hiện.
2. Bỏ đi tất cả phần mềm sẵn có trong cả 2 doanh nghiệp và đầu tư vào hệ thống mới
tinh ERP(kế hoạch nguồn doanh nghiệp). Nó sẽ cũng cấp 1 cơ sở dữ liệu chung và
đồng bộ dữ liệu qua sự kết hợp ngành kinh doanh. Ứng dụng phần mềm ở dạng mô
đun cho mỗi phòng ban cho phép tất cả phòng ban tới cửa hàng và truy hồi dữ liệu
tiêu chuẩn hóa trong thời gian thực. Lựa chọn này là bằng chứng tương lai. Lựa chọn
2 sẽ có chi phí 2 năm lợi nhuận và mất 1 năm để thực hiện và sẽ hỗ trợ doanh nghiệp
của bạn trong 7 năm.
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 KEY WORDS AND PHRASES (appearing in the order of the text)
volume discount (nph): giảm giá khi mua nhiều coordinated upgrade
(nph): nâng cấp đồng bộ/ cùng nhau nâng cấp leaving sb without sth
(vph): để mặc/ khiến cho … không có được … IT Helpdesk: phòng/
quầy trợ giúp kỹ thuật cho khách hàng
late billing (nph): chậm thông báo hóa đơn cước phí (cho các thuê bao/khách sử
dụng dịch vụ)
late invoice payment (nph): chậm thanh toán hóa đơn mua sắm (cho nhà cung cấp
hàng hóa, dịch vụ) self-developed (a): tự viết/ tự xây dựng legacy software (nph):
phần mềm/ các ứng dụng truyền thống/ vốn có off-the-shelf (a): mới tinh, mới
xuất xưởng, mới ra lò

Task 1. Read the Problems part and find the word or phrase that means:

1 joining together into one _________consolidaton

2 able to function well together ________compatible

3 improvements in size or power ________increasse

4 unable to function well together ________incompatible

5 sellers _______vendor

6 price reductions for buying in bulk _________volume discount

7 properly organized_được sắp xếp phù hợp ________coordinate

8 usefulness __________funtionality

9 problems ___________issues

10. combine to work together_được kết hợp để làm việc cùng nhau ______intergrate

Task 2. Use some of the words from Task 1 to complete sentences 1-5.

1. The trial version only has limited __funtionality__. If you want to use all the

features, you have to buy the full version.

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Phiên bản thử chỉ có…giới hạn

2. We had some serious ____issues____ with our IT infrastructure, so we called in

some consultants.

Chúng tôi đã gặp một vài

3. If the printer isn‟t ____compatible___ with your operating system, it won‟t work.

4. After a series of ___capacity increases____, our broadband speed has now risen to
24 Mbs.

Sau 1 loạt sự gia tăng

5. If all our departments buy new software licenses at the same time, we‟ll get good

___volume discount____.

Nếu như tất cả các phòng ban đều mua giấy phép phần mềm

Task 3. Fill in the summary below with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS

taken from the text.

Talking Software has done an audit on the (1) …IT estates…. of

Cleverbox and Smart Route and found out several problems. Both companies own
(2)

…compatible…. communications infrastructure, but certain links should have bigger

(3) …capacity… The number of calls to the IT Helpdesk is (4) …high…

because upgrades have not been coordinated across the departments, as a result,

some users and departments lack the (5) …software functionality…. they want.

B. LISTENING SKILL

Task 1. 4 Listen to Emma’s presentation and complete the sheet below

detailing Talking Software’s areas of expertise.

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There are NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS and/ or A NUMBER in each
gap. You listen TWICE.
Business Processes
Team
…………………………………………… 1 consultants
Tasks
- ……………………………………………2 business processes
- ...………….……3 a specification or Software Requirements Analysis

Software Development
Team
20 …………………………………, 4 programmers and coders.
Tasks
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- Design the ………………………… and code and compile the software.
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- Test the software for ………………
- ………………… 7 an existing software product to fit the needs.
Application Implementation
Ten people led by a ……………………………8
Tasks
Install a …………………………………..…… 9 product
Implement an off-the-shelf …………………… 10, too.
Task 2. 5 Listen TWICE to Elizabeth and her colleagues presenting on what
the company will do in the next nine months.
Decide if the following statements are True or False. Write T or F in each blank.
1. ______ Elizabeth is expecting some possible delays with the IT infrastructures and
the Datacenter.
2. ______ Elizabeth wants each department to migrate to the new system at the
month end.
3. ______ All departments will start the cut-over at the same time.
4. ______ Testing will begin on May the first.
5. ______ HR department can start employing new staff right now.
C. LANGUAGE FOCUS Contrasting Ideas
1. But_nhưng is a conjunction which contrasts ideas in one sentence. Là một liên từ
nối đối lập trong 1 câu

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E.g. At the beginning of 1982 the USSR was estimated to have had 25 million
telephone sets, but East Germany, Poland and Czechoslovakia had just over 3
million each.
2. However, nevertheless, on the other hand_tuy nhiên, mặt khác
However is a conjunction which is used to express contrast in formal speech or
writing. It is most commonly used at the beginning of a sentence, but it can also
come in the middle or at the end. _diễn tải sự đối lập trong … sự dụng phổ biến nhất
ở đầu câu nhưng cũng
E.g. However, these PAM pulses are not transmitted directly over lines since they
would become distorted_bóp méo, biến dạng.
= These PAM pulses, however, are not transmitted directly over lines since
they would become distorted.
= These PAM pulses are not transmitted directly over lines since they would
become distorted, however.
3. In contrast_ngược lại, on the other hand_mặt khác are most commonly used at
the beginning or in the middle of a sentence, preferably in academic writing.
E.g. - Prestel’s data banks are owned by British Telecom. In contrast, Teletel is
open to independent_độc lập companies.
- Teletel provides electronic mail facilities_trang thiết bị. Prestel_mặt khác,
on the other hand, has been slow in offering this service to the general public.
4. Even though/ although, despite/ in spite of _mặc dù
+ Despite/ In spite of can be used to contrast ideas of concession in one
sentence.
+ Despite + Noun or Gerund
E.g. Despite being remote, the team on the ground now have the same capabilities as
London, another example of how telecoms and IT can support business that operate
in hard-to-reach_khó mà đến được places.
+ Despite/ In spite of the fact (that) + clause
+ Even though is a conjunction which is often used in informal speech
instead of although. It puts greater emphasis on the contrast between the ideas.
E.g. Although the company has improved its customer service, the sales have not
much increased.
5. Unlike + noun/ noun phrase. Không giống như
E.g. Unlike 2G service, 3G offers subscribers much faster transmission.

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6. While, whereas _trong khi đó thì
While and whereas are used to connect two clauses and contrast the ideas in
the same sentence. _sử dụng để kết nối 2 mệnh đề đối lập ý tưởng trong 1 câu
E.g. Two Canadian manufacturers, Northern Telecoms Ltd. and Mittel Corp., will
capture 28% of the 2.8 billion-dollar market in PBX systems sold in the USA in 1983
while Japanese and European countries will grab an additional 22%.
The central processing unit_bộ xử lý trung tâm (CPU) in ring and bus
topologies_cấu hình can be located anywhere in the network, whereas it controls
every operation in a star network.

Task 1. Rewrite these sentences using the words in the brackets.

1. Despite her using the telephone, she doesn‟t know that her speech is broken
up into small batches of time. (although)
Although her use the telephone, she doesn‟t know that her speech is broken
up into small batches of time.
........................................................................................................................……….....
...............................................................................................................………..............
2. In spite of the high prices, many people in Viet Nam desire to own an iPhone.
(even though)
even though the high prices, many people in Viet Nam desire to own an
iPhone.
................................................................................................................……….............
.........................................................................................................................................
3. In spite of not knowing Jane‟s full name, Bill managed to find her telephone
number in the telephone directory when he was in her home town. (although)
Although don’t know Jane‟s full name, Bill managed to find her telephone
number in the telephone directory when he was in her home town.
...........................................................................…………..............................................
...............................................................................................................................……
4. Despite having some serious problems with our IT infrastructure in our first
days at work, we did not call any consultants. (though)
...........................................................................…………..............................................
...............................................................................................................................……
5. Nancy could not connect to the Internet last week despite having 4G service.
(though)

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...............................................................................................................………..............
.........................................................................................................................................

Task 2. Use these words or phrases: unlike, in contrast, however, on the other
hand to complete the following sentences. They can be used more than once.
1. Videotext has an interactive capability. _________, Teletext simply provides
information. 1. Videotext có khả năng tương tác. _________, Teletext chỉ đơn giản là
cung cấp thông tin.
2. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) give less powerful signals but are much
cheaper and last longer. Lasers, ________ , produce light of a closely-defined
wavelength and suitable for mono-mode fibres.
3. Telidon offers more sophisticated graphics. Prestel, ________, has the
advantage of several years‟ operating experience.
4. Investment priorities in the Third World are still limited. _______, priorities
in the industrialized world are of great concern.
5. British Telecoms, ________ many other associations, has discontinued its
telegram service.

Task 3. Complete sentences 1-5 with an appropriate word or phrase below.

In spite of / Despite (the fact that)…./ Despite + Noun phrase

Although/ Even though/ Though….
However, …. …..whereas….. ……but………

1. I have heard nothing from the manufacturers, __________ having written to them
twice.
2. The new phone I have received is purple, __________ the one in the advertisement
is blue.
3. ____________ I ordered the computer in May, it did not arrive until August.
4. The special offer included free headphones. ____________, these did not arrive.
5. The technical support staff were friendly ___________ not very knowledgeable.

D. WRITING SKILL Showing relationship between ideas by using Time Clause

In ESP writing skills, understanding and using Time Clause effectively are among
the most important requirements to gain a high score.
1. Time clause _ mệnh đề chỉ thời gian

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Study these sentences.
When two conversations take place at the same time, 32,000 samples have
to be transported per second. _khi 2 đoạn hội thoại diễn ra cùng 1 lúc
This circuit must be terminated when one of the subscribers decides to
replace his or her handset.
* The When clauses in bold are termed Adverb Clauses, and as they show the
time relationships between the two clauses in a sentence, they are preferably called
Time Clauses.
* There are numerous words used to introduce a Time Clause, such as: after,
before, while, as, by the time, since, until, as soon as, once, whenever, the first time
(that)… Each has a meaning that is notably different from others.
E.g. We subscribed to the VTV Cable as soon as the line was installed in our area.
(as soon as = almost immediately)
Since mobile phones were first introduced in Viet Nam in the 1990s, they have
become a more and more popular means of communication.
(since = starting from the 1990s)
* The Time Clause can begin a sentence, separated from the Main Clause by a
comma (,) or end it without changing the meaning of the sentence.
E.g. When Apple trademark_tên thương hiệu becomes famous, Apple’s core product
lines are the iP smart phones, iPad tablet computers, iPod portable media
players_đầu đĩa xách tay, and Macintosh computer line.
* Tenses of the verbs in Time Clauses are normally in Simple Present or
Present Perfect even when the clauses refer to actions or intentions in the future.
E.g. When there is an electricity cut-off, the company will use the backup power
supply.
2. Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Phrases
Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Phrases can be done ONLY when the subjects
(the doers) of the two clauses are the same. Khi 2 mệnh đề có cùng chủ ngữ người ta
sẽ rút gọn
E.g. After the UK Viewdata has passed an experimental_thí nghiệm and testing
stage_giai đoạn kiểm tra, it is now available in many countries.
 After passing an experimental and testing stage, the UK Viewdata is now
available in many countries.
or The UK Viewdata is now available in many countries after passing an
experimental and testing stage.

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 Having passed an experimental and testing stage, the UK Viewdata is now
available in many countries.

Task 1. Combine the following sentences using the words given in the brackets.
1. Our grandchildren now may laugh. We explain how we used to stand next to
a wall in the kitchen to make a phone call. (when)
……………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Mobiles are fitted permanently in a vehicle. They do not rely on separate
batteries. (Once) _một khi mà
Điện thoại di đông lắp đặt cố định trong 1 thiết bị
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Vietnamese viewers in different regions couldn‟t watch and join in the same
live show. Satellites were first used to broadcast TV programs only about 10 years
ago. (until) _cho đến tận khi
……………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. INTELSAT invested over three billion US dollars in international
communication services by satellite in 1983. It has been able to handle two thirds of
all international telephone and data communications. (Since) _kể từ
……………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. A new version of a game is introduced, it is instantly welcome and tried by
lots of crazy young game players. (Whenever) _bất kể khi nào
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….

Task 2. Change Time Clauses in the following sentences to Modifying Phrases.

1. You can be contacted by mobile phone whenever you are in the coverage area_khu
vực có thuê bao.
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………………………………………………………………………………………
2. In the first simple exchanges of the 1870s, when the operator used the
switchboard in front of her, she plugged the line of the subscriber calling her into
the line of the subscriber being asked for.
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. In 1892, three years after Almon B. Strowger patented his ideas of an automatic
exchange, he saw his system installed at La Porte, Indiana.
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Since Apple launched iPhone 7 Plus into international market in September 2016,
it has created a great demand for the red iPhone.
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. When many consumers view online advertising as an unwanted distraction with
few benefits, they have increasingly turned to ad blocking.
……………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………….

E. SPEAKING SKILL

Task 1. Individual/ group work.

Answer the questions below, referring to the text.
1. What problems may occur_xảy ra in a company when its offices are not equipped
with IT-based devices and software at the same time?

2. Can you name some operating systems mentioned in the text?

3. What departments/ offices are important to the operation of a business?
4. How do you do to have the applications (apps) you need?
5. What risks might there be if you use some software in the trial version?

Task 2. Role play.

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 You are roommates and have just bought a laptop to share. However,
your majors are different and your interests also differ. Now, you two talk to
decide what applications (approx. 5 apps) you are going to download or install.
Make use of the hints in the language box below and role-play the situation.
The conversation would last 2-3 minutes, including the Hello and Goodbye.
Student A Student B
- I want/need an app that/ which can… + What apps would you like/ are you
looking for your study?
- Tôi muốn/cần app/có thể
Bạn thích app/bạn tìm kiếm app nào để sử
- I‟d like to buy/ have an app….
dụng
- Tôi muốn mua/ muốn có 1 app
+ How about some popular games?
- I think we should pay for it. Một vài game phổ biến đi
- Tôi nghĩ chúng ta nên trả tiền cho nó
- How long is the trial + How about this app?
version?
App này thì sao
- Phiên bản thử
+ Why don‟t you download this app?
- It‟s a bit too heavy./ It‟d Tại sao bạn không tải app này đi
take more time
+ OK. No problem/ Certainly. Go ahead.
- Nó nặng quá/ sẽ mất thời
gian hơn để tải
- Zing MP3 is already there. + We can‟t download too many apps.
Why NhacCuaTui, too?
-
I like youtube
Some popular game: fifa online 4, league of legends
I want an app that can watch video
I d’like to buy BKAV antivirus
Why do you dowload/buy this app?
Because that I don’t have to worry about virus attack when use ít
How long is the trial version?
It About 30day the we can pay for it
We should pay for app so that we can have full version
Further guidance
Finaly we design download 2 app together:
Because I am a student I don’t have much money

16
Let‟s imagine a real life situation. You are both very excited because you now have a
laptop to use for your study and entertainment. Either of you can start first by an
exclaimation or a question, eg. “So, what apps should we download?”
During your conversation, you should argue and/ or agree on at least three
applications to download first, i.e. one for each user‟s major and one for shared
relaxation.
Finally, either of you should say something to wrap up the conversation. Eg. “That‟s
it. You‟ll do it, OK?”

17
What software / application have you loaded on your mobile phone/laptop/PC?

On my laptop, I have downloaded Excel 2016, Powerpoint 2016, Word 2016,

Google chrome, Unikey

On my phone, I have downloaded: Facebook, Zalo, Youtube

What app do you most frequently use? What for?

I often use Microsoft Team for online learning and Zalo to chat with my friend,
Youtube to watch video and study

What do you often do in order to have the software you need?

Most of the software I download free

However, I pay for BKAV anti virus so that I don’t have to worry about virus
attacks

Should we pay for an application?Why?Why not?

We should certainly pay for the app we need so that we can have the full version

Most app are now being downloaded free, with some restriction

What benefits can an enterprise have if all of their office upgrade the existing
software at the same time?

They can enjoy remarkable/ good bulk reduction and save a lot of money from
providing some training to the staff

Beside, the performance and coordination among offices are much better,
resulting in a high productivity and more profit

18
F. TRANSLATION

Task 1. Translate the following passage into Vietnamese.

Computer software, or simply software, is a part of a computer system that consists
of data or computer instructions, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the
system is built. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is
all information processed by computer systems, programs and data. Computer
software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such
as online documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require
each other and neither can be realistically used on its own.
Software quality is very important, especially for commercial and system software
like Microsoft Office, Microsoft Windows and Linux. If software is faulty (buggy), it
can delete a user‟s data, crash the computer and do other unexpected things. Faults
and errors are called "bugs" which are often discovered during alpha and beta testing.
Software is often also a victim to what is known as software aging, the progressive
performance degradation resulting from a combination of unseen bugs.
.........................................................................................................................................
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Task 2. Translate the following passage into English.

19
1. Nhờ những cơ chế, chính sách ưu đãi, hỗ trợ của Nhà nước, cùng với sự nỗ
lực của các doanh nghiệp, hiệp hội, trong 5 năm qua ngành công nghiệp phần mềm
của Việt Nam đã có nhiều khởi sắc.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
2. Suốt từ năm 2000 đến nay công nghiệp phần mềm luôn tăng trưởng với tốc độ
trung bình khoảng 35% một năm, nhanh gần gấp 3 lần tốc độ phát triển trung bình
của toàn ngành.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
3. Thống kê cho thấy rằng đến nay cả nước có khoảng 720 doanh nghiệp phần
mềm đang thực sự hoạt động, thu hút được hơn 20.000 lao động phần mềm chuyên
nghiệp.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
4. Tổng doanh thu của các doanh nghiệp phần mềm năm 2005 ước đạt khoảng
250 triệu USD.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
5. Mức tăng trưởng phi mã này dường như không có tín hiệu chậm lại, nhất là
khi Cách mạng công nghiệp 4.0 đang lan rộng khắp thế giới.
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
HOMEWORK
1. Translate the following passage into English.
Computer software, or simply software, is a generic term that refers to a collection of
data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work, in contrast to the
physical hardware from which the system is built, that actually performs the work. In
computer science and software engineering, computer software is all information
processed by computer systems, programs and data. Computer software includes
computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data, such as online
documentation or digital media. Computer hardware and software require each other
and neither can be realistically used on its own. The majority of software is written in
high-level programming languages that are easier and more efficient for
programmers to use because they are closer than machine languages to natural

20
languages. High-level languages are translated into machine language using a
compiler or an interpreter or a combination of the two.
.........................................................................................................................................
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.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................
.
........................................................................................................................................
.
........................................................................................................................................
.
........................................................................................................................................
.
........................................................................................................................................
.

2. Write definitions for the words in italic.

........................................................................................................................................
.
........................................................................................................................................
.
........................................................................................................................................
.
........................................................................................................................................
.
........................................................................................................................................
.

Unit Three NETWORKING

A. READING SKILL
Warm-up. Pair/ Individual work.
21
Study the following images and answer these questions.
1. How can we be networked?
………………………………………………………………………………….
2. What devices should we need to get networked?
………………………………………………………………………………….
3. How important is it for us to be networked in the society?
………………………………………………………………………………….

22
 Comprehension Check
Enterprise networking _ mạng doanh nghiệp
When Big Oil started its search for oil in West Africa, their geophysicists_ vật lý địa
chất carried out surveys_các cuộc khảo sát to see whether there were any oil
reservoirs_bể chứa underground. These surveys produced a lot of data which needed
to be sent back to Head Office, but how do you transfer half of a gigabyte of data out
of the jungle_rừng when the local telecoms infrastructure isn‟t up to_đạt được( tùy
thuộc) it, or not there at all? We talk to Dave Wells, Telecommunications Manager
at Big Oil, about these challenges_thách thức.
„The geophysicists who went out there first used sat-phones_điện thoại vệ tinh to
transmit voice and data. But of course once the decision to drill_khoan, đục was
made, we had far more users to support with various requirements_yêu cầu in a
proper_đúng, phù hợp office environment_môi trường.‟
Big Oil‟s telecoms team is used to providing global voice and data connectivity_tính
kết nối into remote locations_những nơi xa xôi, says Dave. „We worked with one of
the global data networking providers to extend_phát triển, mở rộng their WAN
services here and convinced them to put an MPLS node into the capital. This
meant_có nghĩa là they had a local presence_có mặt ở địa phương and it allows us to
connect to their global network. We then had 8Mb connectivity from the router_định
hướng in my comms rooms in London down to the capital. We decided to pay to dig
a trench_đào 1 cái rãnh and laid our own fibre_sợi local loop_vòng to give us

23
reliable_đáng tin cậy, high capacity bandwidth_dải tần to our new premises_1 tòa
nhà 1 nơi.‟
„A local contractor_người kí hợp đồng wired out_kết nối the office with CAT5
cabling. We installed and remotely managed_ quản lý từ xa our own LAN hub_1
trạm, 1 trung tâm and ran a 100 Mb Ethernet LAN around the building to laptops and
PCs which have the same specifications_thông số and applications as London. We
decided against_quyết định chống lại(phải đối) a standalone PBX because we had a
full 8 Mb for voice, data and video traffic_lưu lượng bằng hình ảnh. We set up our
30 staff with VoIP and teleconferencing_hội nghị từ xa applications on their
computers and they use headsets for their calls. This all works well, and from the
traffic analysis_phân tích lưu lượng we can see that they actually_thực sự
videoconference_thảo luận with London more often than just talk because of the
infrastructure we put in for them.‟
Despite being remote_từ xa, the team on the ground now have the same
capabilities_dung lượng, khả năng as London, another example of how telecoms and
IT can support business that operate in hard-to-reach places.

KEY WORDS AND PHRASES (appearing in the order of the text)

be not up to sth (vph): chưa xứng tầm, chưa tương xứng wire out (a place) (v):
rải/ lắp đặt đường dây (điện, viễn thông) (tới một nơi) run (a LAN/WAN)
around (a place): rải/ lắp đặt (mạng LAN/WAN) quanh… set up sb with sth
(v): bố trí, trang bị cho … videoconference (v): trao đổi, liên lạc qua hình
ảnh put sth in for sb (v): lắp đặt (trang thiết bị) team on the ground (nph): đội
công tác ở địa bàn (không phải ở trụ sở) hard-to-reach (a) : khó tới, khó có
được

Task 1. Read the article above and number the order in which these things
happened. No 1 has been done for you.
a. The company set up a 100 Mb Ethernet LAN. _____ 5
b. The team were given satellite phones. _1
____
c. A contractor fitted out the office with CAT5 cabling. _____ 4

d. The company installed a private fibre loop to the new MPLS node. _____3

e. The company installed VoIP and teleconferencing applications. _____ 6

f. A global data networking provider extended WAN services to the _____ capital. 2
24
Task 2. Decide if the following statements are True (T) or False (F) according to
the article.
1 The geophysicists did not find evidence of underground oil reservoirs. F
Những nhà vật lý địa chất không tìm thấy bằng chứng về bể chứa dầu ở dưới đất
2 Dave Wells said the new office only needed satellite phones. F
Dave wells nói rằng có văn phòng mới luôn cần điện thoại vệ tinh
3 The exploration office installed its own local loop. T
Văn phòng thăm dò đã lắp đặt vòng địa phương của họ
4 The LAN in the exploration office is managed from London. F
5 The staff in the exploration office make all their calls via their computers. T

Task 3. Match these terms with their correct definitions, referring to the
article.

A 3 WAN 1. The person who is in charge of a company‟s

telecommunications.
B 4node 2. An organization that provides
international telecommunications and Internet access.
C 1Telecoms Manager 1 3. A network that covers a wide area such as a
city or country.
D 7Hub 4. A point where a connection can be made to
an
MPLS network.
E 8 PBX 5. A cable which allows a user to connect to a
local exchange or node.
F 2 Global Data 6. A network in an office or home that links
different Networking Provider computers together.
G local loop 7. A common connection point for devices in a
local network. 5
H 6 LAN 8. A private telephone exchange that serves a
business
or office.
Answer: A- B- C- D-
E- F- G- H-

25
B. LISTENING SKILL

Task 1. 6 You will hear a call between Dave Wells, the Telecoms manager of
an oil company in London and Jerry Rigg, a geophysicist in charge of a small
exploration team in West Africa.

Listen TWICE and fill in the gaps with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS. Well,
I’m sharing a Sat phone right now with Mgumba, our local guy. We’re in the
Upper River region. We’ve been travelling around trying to figure out what (1)
………………….. is available. What we have found out is that West Africa is
connected to Europe via the South Atlantic 3 West Africa Submarine Cable which
has a (2)………………….. of 120 gigabytes. The nearest cable landing point is over
the border.
There are (3)………………….. links from there to here. The country is also connected
internationally via (4)………………….. and Intelsat Earth Station One. So there are
redundant connections and services coming into the country. Some of the
international data network providers are starting to look at expanding their networks
here and putting some (5)…………… in the capital and the other main city. So we
may be able to get MPLS or global Ethernet services in the future.

Task 2. 7 Dave Wells and Mgumba, a local guy, are discussing the
infrastructure that is available in West Africa.
Listen TWICE and answer the following questions.
1. How many telecoms operators are available in West Africa?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. What is the PTT going to serve with their fibre network being rolled out?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Why does PTT erect microwave towers on mountains?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. What technology is being put in exchanges instead of electro-mechanical devices?
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. How is the teledensidy in West Africa compared to other African countries?
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Task 3. 8 Dave and Jerry are talking about how they will set up a local
exploration office and communicate regularly with London.

26
Listen TWICE and decide if the following statements are True or False. Write T
or F in each blank.
1. _____ Jerry and his colleagues can certainly get PSTN because their office is near
the local exchange.
2. _____ All the local loops are made of steel.
3. _____ Fiber will be available for customers‟ premises in two years.
4. _____ Jerry wants the loops to be terminated into his office.
5. _____ Alternatively, they can have a VSAT disk on the roof without any license.

C. LANGUAGE FOCUS
Relative Clauses
Relative Clauses are usually of two kinds: Defining and Non-Defining Clauses. Xác
định
1. Defining Relative Clauses mệnh đề quan hệ
We can use the relative pronouns who, which, that and relative adverbs where,
when to clarify the preceding nouns.
 In Relative Clauses, the relative pronouns are who, which and that.
+ who is used for people
+ which for things
+ that can be used for both people and things.
These pronouns can function as subjects or objects in the clauses.
E.g. This was confirmed by Shannon who/ that developed a theory of a formula for
finding the correct sampling frequency. Điều này đã được xác nhận bởi Shannon
người mà phát triển
The digital camera which/ that I bought the other day is a Sony Cyber-Shot.
 In case who, which and that are used as the object of a preposition, the
preposition can precede who and which, or end the sub-clause. However, the
former way is more preferable in ESP.
E.g. The principles of these two types of switching are illustrated in the following
figures in which we follow the speech paths of two subscribers through a small
exchange.

27
 = The principles of these two types of switching are illustrated in the following
figures which we follow the speech paths of two subscribers through a small
exchange in.
 Other pronouns, such as where (for place) when (for time), why (for reason) and
whose (for possession) are also used in Relative Clauses.
+ We can use where (= in/at which) for place.
E.g. That is the basic location where the microprocessor stores the required
information. Đó là địa điểm cơ bản nơi mà stores này cần có thông tin
+ We can use when (= in/on which) for time.
E.g. Was it the day when the computer came out?
+ We can use why (= for which) or that after the word reason.
E.g. Is there a reason why/that you don’t want to update your computer operating
system?
+ We use whose (in place of his, her, their, etc.) to talk about possession
of both people or things.
E.g. We are writing this letter to complain about your staff whose service was not
satisfying.
 Defining clauses give important information which denotes exactly what is being
referred to. In many cases, the main clause does not make full sense without the
sub clause.
E.g. In the early 1970s Britain launched its Prestel system which is now offered as a
regular service by British Telecoms.
2. Non-Defining Relative Clauses
Non-defining relative clauses add extra information. They are separated by commas
in writing and by a pause in speaking. We could miss out the relative clause and the
meaning would still be clear.
E.g. Apple Inc., which is an American multinational technology company, is
headquartered in Cupertino, California.
N.B. - That cannot be used to introduce a non-defining clause. Không được dùng để
giới thiệu mệnh đề k xác định(k ddc dùng sau dấu phẩy)
- A relative clause introduced by which may modify the idea of the whole preceding
clause.
E.g. Optical fibres are smaller, lighter and easier to install than coaxial cables_cáp
đồng trục, which is perfect for an office environment.

28
In this sentence the word which refers to the whole preceding clause, “Optical fibres
are smaller, lighter and easier to install than coaxial cables”.

Task 1. Underline Relative Clauses in the following sentences and state whether
they are Defining (D) or Non- Defining (Non-D) Clauses.
1. The growing need for data communication is reflected in the number of
modems installed, which has recently increased at a rate of 30% per annum.
2. The concept of the „wired city‟ in which any one can instantly talk to almost
anyone else by using the telephone or some other form of electronic device has
become a reality in many countries in the world.
3. A technician who wants to move up to Junior Engineer will have to attend
inhouse training at one of the 13 Telecoms Training Centers.
4. Each industrial location is connected to the station via high-speed data
switches which also provide facilities for interconnecting other regions and other
multi-service networks.
5. Business users, who often have their own powerful data processing resources,
frequently require more sophisticated services which cover a variety of uses.
Task 2. Complete the following sentences using relative pronouns who, which,
that or relative adverbs where, when and why.
1. When IBM was looking for an operating system, they went initially to Digital
Research, _____which was market leader in command-based operating system.
2. The microchip technology ________which made the PC possible has put chips not
only into computers, but also into washing machine and cars.
3. Low voltage is the reason ________why the bulb does not glow at full brilliance.
4. An operating system has to be booted into the internal memory ________where it
must reside throughout processing process.
5. Nowadays, young people cannot imagine the time ______when we used to stand
next to a wall in the kitchen without moving to make a phone call.

Task 3. Join these pairs of sentences, using Relative Pronouns.

1. The switching matrix_ma trận chuyển mạch consists_bao gồn=m of a number
of connection points. The connection points are made up of a horizontal_nằm ngang
and a vertical_thẳng đứng wire joined by a relay.
.....................................................................................………........................................
...............................................................................……….............................................

29
2. Two types of switching equipment_thiết bị chuyển mạch predominate_nổi
bật, chiếm ưu thế in Sweden. These two types are crossbar equipment_thiết bị thanh
ngang and digital system.
Two types of switching equipment_thiết bị chuyển mạch which predominate_nổi bật,
chiếm ưu thế in Sweden. These two types are crossbar equipment_thiết bị thanh
ngang and digital system.

.......................................................................………......................................................
..................................................................................................................………...........
3. This technique appears_dường như là to be very effective_rất hiệu quả. A lot
of money has been invested_đầu tư in this technique_kĩ thuật.
This technique in which A lot of money has been invested_đầu tư in this
technique_kĩ thuật. appears_dường như là to be very effective_rất hiệu quả.

.........................................................................................................………....................
..................................................................................................................………...........
4. The first rotary switch_hệ thống chuyển mạch tĩnh was invented by Almon
Strowger. Almon S. was an undertaker_đào mộ in Kansas City.
The first rotary switch_hệ thống chuyển mạch tĩnh was invented by Almon Strowger,
whowas an undertaker_đào mộ in Kansas City.

.....................................................................………........................................................
......................................................................................................................……….......
5. The analogue_tương tự signals are transmitted to the exchange. And these
signals are sampled using PAM.
The analogue_tương tự signals which And these signals are sampled using PAM. are
transmitted to the exchange

.........................................................................................................………....................
...............................................................................................................………..............
D. WRITING SKILL

30
 Writing a paragraph

A paragraph is a group of sentences about a topic. There are some kinds of

paragraphs as follows:
+ In a descriptive paragraph the writer describes a person, a place or a thing.
+ In an example paragraph the writer explains a topic by giving examples.
+ In a process paragraph the writer explains how to do something step by step.
+ In an opinion paragraph the writer expresses his or her feelings, ideas, and
opinions about a topic. Quan điểm
+ In a narrative paragraph the writer tells a story. Kể chuyện
1. Paragraph organization
A typical paragraph has a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding
sentence. 1 đoạn văn có câu chủ đề, câu hỗ trợ và câu kết luận
• The topic sentence introduces the topic and tells what the writer will say
about the topic. Giới thiệu chủ đề và nói cho chúng ta
• The sentences that follow further explain and support the topic sentence. They
are called supporting sentences.
• The concluding sentence often repeats the information in the topic sentence in
a different way. Thường lặp lại thông tin trong chủ đề bằng một cách rất khác
Read the following sample paragraph to understand more of the paragraph
organization.

Young people are too dependent on computers. Dependency on computers

means that young people cannot perform the normal tasks and functions of daily
life without them. In the old days, people memorized important information, but
today’s youth rely on computers, cell phones, and PDA’s to do assignments,
records number, and save important information. As a result, they can find
themselves unprepared in an emergency such as electrical blackout_thì những
người này sẽ không giao tiếp được. Once the batteries die_một khi pin chết, these
people will not be able to communicate. For example, I do all my homework on my
computer. When my computer crashed last week, I lost my only draft of an essay
that was due the next day. As a result, I got a bad grade. With the assistance of
technological devices, young people find computers a dependable device for them
to perform daily tasks_nhiệm vụ hàng ngày.

2. The topic sentence

31
The topic sentence is usually the first or second sentence in a paragraph. It introduces
a new idea. It presents the topic and explains what the writer will say about the topic.
This explanation is called controlling idea.
E.g. Young people are too dependent on computers.
3. Supporting sentences
Supporting sentences add information about the topic and the controlling idea. They
can include definitions, explanation, and examples as in the examples below. 
Supporting definition
Dependency on computers means that young people cannot perform the normal
tasks and functions of daily life without them.  Supporting explanation
In the old days, people memorized important information, but today’s youth rely
on computers, cell phones, and PDA’s to do assignments, records number, and save
important information. As a result, they can find themselves unprepared in an
emergency such as electrical blackout. Once the batteries die, these people will not
be able to communicate.
 Supporting example
For example, I do all my homework on my computer. When my computer crashed
last week, I lost my only draft of an essay that was due the next day. As a result, I got
a bad grade.
4. Concluding sentence
The concluding or final sentence of a paragraph usually reminds the reader of the
topic and controlling idea of paragraph. The concluding sentence restates the main
idea. Let‟s compare:
The topic sentence
Young people are too dependent on computers.
The concluding sentence
With the assistance of technological devices, young people find computers a
dependable device for them to perform daily tasks.
In addition to restating the main idea, the concluding sentence may:
- Give an opinion about the topic.
E.g. Some people might disagree, but I think computers make young people more and
more dependent.
- Sometimes the writer signals the concluding sentence by using the phrases;
In conclusion, To conclude, In general, In short, In summary, To sum up…

32
E.g. In conclusion, relying on computers in solving daily problems is an undeniable
fact in modern society.

Task 1. Read the paragraph below and underline the topic sentence, supporting
sentences and concluding sentences.
I have a new digital camera, and I am very excited about using it because it
has so many useful features. I do not need to spend a lot of time focusing on it as it
has automatic focus. People do not have to wait a long time for me to take their
pictures. In addition, its lens is powerful. I can photograph a person and scenery,
and both are clear when I print the final pictures. Another feature allows me to
delete blurry pictures. I save a lot of money because I do not have to print out ugly
ones. I am really fond of my new camera due to the fact that it is convenient and
easy, and I can take interesting pictures. I expect to have a lot of fun with it.

Tôi không cần dành quán nhiều thời gian với nó vì nó có sự tập trung tự
động. mọi người không cần đợi quá lâu để cho tôi chụp hình

Task 2. Write a short paragraph of about 100 words about your favourite social
network, stating the benefits it brings to you together with relevant examples.
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E. SPEAKING SKILL

Task 1. Individual/ pair work.

Give definitions of the technical terms below. For instance, you may say:
“An Internet café is a kind of shop where you can drink coffee and access the
Internet at the same time” or “An Internet café is a place for going online while
having some coffee”.
CAT5 cabling a local loop
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 a geophysicist a node a Global
Data Networking Provider a satellite phone
a hub a Telecoms Manager
a LAN a WAN

Task 2. Presentation.
Referring to Task 2, Part D, give a presentation on social networks. You
can choose one or two social networks that you are most familiar with.
Make use of the hints in the language box below. The presentation would last
2-3 minutes.

Hi guys, / Dear all,

- Now/ Today I would like/ I’m going to talk about…/ tell you about…
- I first signed up to Facebook 5 years ago/ when I was at secondary school…
- We need to fill in our name…
- I find FB interesting/ useful because I can… keep in touch with my friend
- However, if we spend/ use… too much, we may…/ there may be trouble as we
can’t …. focus work
- Social networks link us all and we can…
- I can’t imagine one day when there were no more FB, then …
That’s all what I know about … Thanks for listening/ your attention.

Further guidance
You‟d better base your presentation on the writing you did earlier on your favourite
social network, which can be Facebook, Ingstagram, Zalo or any. You should focus
on at least these points:
- when you started to join it (how to join)
- what you can do on the network/ its benefits _post my photo/ status, read a lot of
adventagement
- What you see as its drawbacks
Also, don‟t fail to start and end your talk in a proper manner.

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Theme3: Networking

1. Why is important for us to be networked in the society?

When we are networked, we can update new faster, enrich our knowledge, make
more friends, take advantage of opportunities and improve our life

2. How can we be networked?

We can be networked by chatting online, writing letter, talking face to face

3. How often do you access the Internet? What for?

I access the Internet every day. Daily to check if I have any email or messages,
follow friends on FB, read E-news, search the information I need

4. What benefit can a social network bring to you?

I can do some shopping without going to the shop

I can keep in touch with my friends without going out to meet them

I communicate with my family or my colleagues without making a call

Therefore, I can save a lot of money and time.

5. Which addresses on the UTC website do you often go to? What for?

As a student, I often go to qltd.utc.edu.vn to check my timetable or my scores.

Sometimes, I go to utc.edu.vn know what is going on at my university.

F. TRANSLATION

Task 1. Translate the following passage into Vietnamese.

An efficient telephone system is a must for your business, which makes telephone
networking services crucial. In fact, experts say your system should be „transparent‟
always there and easy to use without thinking about it. Those are important attributes
to keep in mind when considering business telephone networking.

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Networking telephones links multiple callers to make communications efficient. By
connecting the phones and using telephone switching systems, calls can be shared,
transferred and managed in a number of other ways. Telephone network
communications have changed significantly in recent years, especially with the
advent of VoIP. Voice-over-Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a recent innovation with
great promise. Your business dedicates one or more high-speed Internet connections
to your telephone network to carry voice signals. With software your company can
even use existing routers, PBX and the rest of your standard phone system. The
advantage? VoIP can reduce your phone costs, especially for switches and
infrastructure.
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Task 2. Translate the following passage into English.
1. Công nghệ truyền giọng nói qua giao thức IP (VoIP) đã thay đổi cách thức con
người giao tiếp với nhau.
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2. Mỗi năm, các nhà phát triển tìm ra các cách sáng tạo hơn trong việc sử dụng VoIP
để cải thiện các công nghệ hiện có, hoặc để ra mắt các thiết bị hoàn toàn mới.
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3. VoIP trên điện thoại di động là một trong số những công nghệ tuyệt vời đó.
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4. Khách hàng chỉ cần truy cập vào WiFi hoặc mạng 3G hay 4G.
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5. Những ứng dụng này có tính năng gọi điện thoại miễn phí hoặc giá rẻ tương tự như
dịch vụ điện thoại cố định VoIP.
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6. Như vậy, họ có thể tiết kiệm được rất nhiều tiền với những ứng dụng này.
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HOMEWORK
1. Translate the following passage into English.
In telephony, common-channel signaling (CCS), or in the US also common-channel
interoffice signaling (CCIS), is the transmission of signaling information (control
information) on a separate channel than the data, and, more specifically, where that
signaling channel controls multiple data channels. For example, in the public
switched telephone network (PSTN), one channel of a communications link is
typically used for the sole purpose of carrying signaling for establishment and tear
down of telephone calls. The remaining channels are used entirely for the
transmission of voice data. In most cases, a single 64kbit/s channel is sufficient to
handle the call setup and call clear-down traffic for numerous voice and data
channels.
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........................................................................................................................................
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ABBREVIATIONS

ATM (Automated/ Automatic Teller Machine): Máy rút tiền

Bluetooth (A technology that allows short-range, wireless connection between
devices): Chuẩn kết nối tầm ngắn, không dây
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube): Ống phóng chùm tia điện tử
The light source inside older TV sets
DP (Distribution Point): Trạm/ Điểm phân phối
DRM (Digital Rights Management): Quản lý bản quyền nội dung kỹ thuật số
DSL (Digital Subscriber Line): Đường dây kỹ thuật số Digital
lines that are provided by telephone companies
EPG (Electronic Programme Guide): Hướng dẫn Chương trình điện tử
(dịch vụ hiển thị trên màn hình TV, cho phép người sử dụng tương tác với hệ
thống để chọn lựa thời gian, chủ đề, kênh, thể loại...)
EPSO (Electronic Point of Sale): Điểm bán hàng điệnt tử (dùng mã vạch)
Ethernet: Công nghệ kết nối các mạng cục bộ
A very high bandwidth data networking technology used by companies in
LANs and increasingly WAN
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format): Định dạng trao đổi hình ảnh
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service): Dịch vụ dữ liệu di động dạng gói
Provides packet-based connections on mobile networks
GPS (Global Positioning System): Hệ thống định vị toàn cầu Allows
receiver to identify its position anywhere on earth
GSC (Group Switching Centre): Trung tâm chuyển mạch nhóm
GSM (Global System for Mobile communications): Hệ thống thông tin di động toàn
cầu thế hệ thứ hai - Mạng 2G
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language): Ngôn ngữ đánh dấu siêu văn bản
IPTV (Internet Protocol Television): Truyền hình giao thức Internet
Digital TV over a network
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group): Một chuẩn mã hoá và nén ảnh
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LAN (Local Area Network): Mạng máy tính cục bộ
LBS (Location Based Services): Dịch vụ cung cấp thông tin dựa trên vị trí của điện
thoại di động
Information, products, or services provided to you based on the location of
your device (using GPS or the mobile network)
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): Màn hình tinh thể lỏng The
technology used in flat screen TVs and monitors
MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group): Một chuẩn mã hoá và nén âm thanh
MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching): Kỹ thuật truyền dữ liệu đa giao thức
PBX (Private Branch Exchange): Tổng đài điện thoại nội bộ/ dùng riêng trong một
đơn vị
A telephone system bought and used by a company in their office
PCM (Pulse Code Modulation): Điều biến mã xung. Kỹ thuật truyền dữ liệu tương tự
bằng kỹ thuật số
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant): máy trợ lý cá nhân dùng kỹ thuật số POP (Post
Office Protocol): Giao thức tầng ứng dụng để nhận thư điện tử.
PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network): Mạng điện thoại chuyển mạch công
cộng, kết nối tất cả các hệ thống tổng đài chuyển mạch A
country‟s telephone network
PTT (Public Telephone & Telegraph): Đơn vị điều hành mạng ĐT công cộng
A country‟s telephone network operator
RSS (Remote Subscriber Switching): Chuyển mạch thuê bao từ xa
RSS (Route Selection Service): Dịch vụ chọn đường truyền
SaaS (Software as a Service): Phần mềm dịch vụ chạy trên nền Web
SLA (Service Level Agreement): Cam kết (đảm bảo) chất lượng dịch vụ
SPC (Store Programme Controller): Điều khiển chương trình bộ nhớ/ lưu trữ SLA
(Service Level Agreement): Cam kết chất lượng dịch vụ
UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply): Nguồn cấp điện liên tục/ không ngắt
VOD (Video On Demand): hệ thống cho phép xem video theo yêu cầu
VoIP (Voice over IP): Thoại qua Internet
VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal): Trạm thông tin vệ tinh mặt đất cỡ nhỏ
A small satellite dish normally mounted on the roof of a building
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity): Hệ thống mạng không dây sử dụng sóng vô tuyến
A technology providing wireless transmission data over a short range
39
Wi-Max (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access): Kỹ thuật kết nối
Internet băng thông rộng không dây ở khoảng cách lớn
A technology providing wireless transmission of high speed data over a large area
(e.g. a city)

WORD LIST
Unit One
Access (v/n): truy cập. tiếp cận
Alternative (a): thay thế, dự phòng
Bet on sth (v): cam đoan, đánh cược
Brand (n): nhãn hàng, thương hiệu
Cash (n): tiền mặt
Concern (n): bận tâm, lo âu
Consider (v): cân nhắc, xem xét
Commission (v): đặt (hàng, dịch vụ)
Consumer (n): người tiêu dùng
Convinced (a): tin tưởng
Domain (n): miền (trang web)
Expand (v): mở rộng, phát triển
Fear (n): sự sợ hãi, lo ngại
Fraud (n): lừa đảo
Highlight (v): chỉ rõ
Major (a): lớn, chính
Note (v): lưu ý, chú ý
Innovative (a): sáng tạo, đổi mới
Optimise (v): tối ưu hóa
Pertain to (v): liên quan, dính dáng tới
Register (n): ghi tên, đăng ký
Retailer (n): khách mua lẻ
Risk (n): nguy cơ, sự rủi ro
Scheme (n): kế hoạch, dự án
Secure (v): có, chiếm được
Sign up (v): đăng ký trên mạng
Site (n): địa điểm (cửa hàng)
Survey (n/v): khảo sát
Technologist (n): chuyên gia công nghệ
Tend to do (v): có xu hướng
Transaction (n): giao dịch
Volume (n): khối lượng

Unit Two
Analysis (n): phân tích Modular (a): theo mô-đun, tiêu chuẩn
Capacity (n): dung lượng (đường truyền) Observation (n): quan sát
Compatible (a): tương thích Opportunity (n): cơ hội, dịp
Consolidation (n): hợp nhất Purchase (v): mua, sắm

40
Due to (prep): do, bởi
Estates (n): cơ sở hạ tầng, bất động sản
Execute (v): tiến hành
Functionality (n): tính năng
Implement (v): thực hiện, triển khai
Integrate with (v): tích hợp
Licence (n): giấy phép (sử dụng)
Mirror (v): là bản sao, trùng lặp với
Unit Three
Bandwidth (n): băng thông rộng
Carry out (v): tiến hành, thực hiện
Connectivity (n): sự kết nối
Convince (v): thuyết phục
Challenge (n/v): thách thức
Dig (v): đào (đường ống)
Drill (v): khoan (thăm dò dầu khí)
Extend (v): mở rộng, phát triển
Geophysicist: (n) nhà n/c địa vật lý
Hub (n): trung tâm, đầu mối
Infrastructure (n): cơ sở hạ tầng
Jungle (n): rừng rậm nhiệt đới
Lay-laid-laid (v): đặt (đường dây, ống)
41
Profit (n): lãi, lợi nhuận
Retrieve (v): khôi phục, lấy lại (dữ liệu)
Replace (v): thay thế
Scrap (v): gỡ bỏ, thay thế
Significant (a): đáng kể
Struggle (v): đánh vật với, xoay xở
Synchronized (a): đồng bộ
Vendor (n): người bán hàng
Loop (n); vòng lặp (viễn thông)
Premises (n): cơ sở, nơi đặt văn phòng
Remote (a): xa xôi, hẻo lánh
Reservoir (n): vỉa (dầu), bể chứa
Router (n): bộ định tuyến
Sat-phone (n): điện thoại (truyền tín hiệu
qua vệ tinh)
Search (v/n): tìm kiếm, lùng sục
Specifications (n): thông số kỹ thuật
Standalone (a): độc lập, riêng rẽ
Traffic (n): lưu lượng
Transmit (v): truyền (tin, tín hiệu)
Trench (n): rãnh, hào (đào)
Various (a): đa dạng, các loại