Chapter-10 DPP

21.A good producer of citric acid is 25. Match the following list of microbes
A) Pseudomonas and their importance:
B) Clostridium
C) Saccharomyces
D) Aspergillus Column-1 Column-11
22.Which of the following is correctly (a Saccharomyces (1 Production of
matched for the product produced by immunosuppres
them? sive agents
A) Acetobacter aceti: Antibiotics Monascus
(b (2 Ripeningof
B) Methanobacterium: Lactic acid Swiss cheese
purpureus
C) Penicillium notatum: Acetic acid Trichoderma Commercial
(c (3
D) Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Ethanol polysporum production of
23.Which of the following is wrongly ethanol
matched in the given table? (d Propionibacteri (4 Production of
um sharmanii blood
Microbe Product|Application cholesterol
A TrichoderI Cyclospo 1| ImmunosupP
ma rin A ressive loweringagent
polysporu
m
Which of the following is the correct
B Monascus Statins 2 Blood
purpureu Cholesterol option?
lowering b
agent
Removal of
A 4
CStreptoco i Streptoki|3
Ccus nase clot from B)
blood vessels C) 4
D Clostridiu Lipase Removal of D) 3 4 1 2
m oil stains
acetobuty
licum Microbes in Sewage Treatment
26.How many of the following are not
24.Match Column-I with Column-ll and
incorrect with respect to wastewater
select the correct option using the
treatment?
codes.
A major component of waste
Column-I Column-II water is human excreta.
l1. The municipal waste-wateris
(a Trichoderma
Citric acid (1) called sewage which contains
(b) Cyclosporin (2 Clostridium large amounts of inorganic
(c) Statins (3) Aspergillus matter and microbes. Many of
d) Butyric acid 4 Monascus which are pathogenic.
Sewage is treated in sewage
treatment plants (STPs) to make
Which of the following is the correct it non- polluting
option? IV. Treatment of waste water is done
by the aerobic microbes
d naturally present in the sewage.
(A) A) 4
(B 3 B) 3
(C) 2 1 4 C)2
(D) 2 3 D)1
 Chapter 10 DPP

14.How many of the following statements 17.The substance which is used in

are not incorrect? detergent formulations and helpful in
Anti is a Greek word that means removing oily stains are
'against', and bio means life', A) Pectinases
together they mean 'again st life B) Proteases
11 Antibiotics are chemical CLipases
substances, which are produced D) Statins
by some microbes and can kill or 18.Bottled juices are clarified by the
retard the growth of other enzyme-
(disease-causing) microbes. A) Pectinase and lipases
Penicillin is the first antibiotic to BPectinase and peptidase
be discovered. CPectinase and protease
IV. Alexander Fleming discovered D) Pectinase only
Penicillin while working on a 19.Match the following columns:
Staphylococci bacteria.
V. The full potential as an effective Column-1 Column-
Cvciosporin A 1 Blood Cholesterol
antibiotic was established much
later by Ernest Chain and lowering agent
b) Streptok1nase Immunosuppressive
Howard Florey.
agent
A) 5
c Statins Clot buster for
B) 4
3
removingclots
C) d)Saceharomyces Production of
D) 1 ethanol
15.Which of the following statements is
correct?
Which of the following is the correct
A) Penicillin was used to treat
American soldiers wounded in option
World War. b C d
B) Fleming. Chain and Florey were A) 3 4
awarded the Nobel Prize in 1954, B) 2
for this discovery.
C) 3
C) Before Penicillin, antibiotics were
D) 3
also purified from other microbes.
20.How many of the following statements
D) Antibiotics have greatly improved are correct?
our capacity to deadly
treat
A bioactive molecule, cyclosporin
diseases such as plague, whooping
A, is produced by the fungus
cough, diphtheria and leprosy. Trichoderma polysporum.
16. Microbes are used for commercial and II. Statins are produced by the
industrial production of certain fungus Monascus purpureus.
chemicals like organic acids, alcohols I1. Statins act by competitively
and enzymes. Which of the inhibiting the enzyme responsible
following for synthesis of cholesterol.
is incorrect regarding this?
IV. Streptokinase is used to remove
A) Aspergillus - fungus - citric acid
clots from the blood vessels of
B) Acetobacter aceti - bacteria -
patients who have undergone
vinegar myocardial infarction leading to
C) Clostridium butylicum protozoan heart attack.
A) 3
-butyric acid
D) Lactobacillus - bacteria - lactic B) 4
acid. C)2
D) 1
 Chapter-10 DPP

following statements 11.Big holes in Swiss cheese are made by

8. How many of the
are correct? a

The dough which is used for making A) a machine

food such as dosa and idli is also B) methanogens
fermented by yeast. C) the bacterium Propionibacterium
The puffed-up appearance of dough sharmani producing a large

is due to the production of CO2 gas. amount of carbon dioxide

The dough which is used for making D) Lactobacillus

111.
bread, is fermented using brewer's 12. How many of the following beverages
are produced by distillation of the
yeast
traditional drink of fermented broth?
IV. Toddy', a some

parts of Southern lIndia is made by beer

fermenting fruits from palms
V. Microbes are also used to ferment
fishes, soyabean and bamboo-roots
to make foods.
A) 4
B)3
C) 2
D) 1
9. Choose the incorrect statement
among the following.
A) Different varieties of cheese are
known by their characteristic
texture, flavour and taste, the
specificity coming from the
microbes used.
B) Large holes in Swiss cheese' are
due to production of a large
amount of SO2 by a bacterium
named Prapionibacterium
sharmani.
C) The Roquefort cheese' are ripened
by growing a specific fungi named
Penicllium roqueforti which gives
them a particular flavour.
D) Adenovirus is diamond like in
structure and causes respiratory
infections.
10. Yeast is used in the production of
A) citric acid and lactic acid
B) lipase and pectinase
C) bread and beer
D) cheese and butter
Whisky, wine, rum, brandy,
A)5
B) 4
C) 3
D) 1
Microbes in Industrial Products
(excluding beverages)
13.Which of the following statements is
incorrect?
A) Very large vessels in which
microbes are grown for thae
purpose of production of beverages
and antibiotics on industrial scale
are termed as fermenters.
B) Microbes especially yeasts have
been used from time immemorial
for the production of beverages like
wine, beer, whisky, brandy or rum.
C) For this purpose the same yeast
Saccharomyces cerevisiae used for
bread-making and commonly
brewer's yeast, is used for
called
fermenting malted cereals and truit
Juices, to produce ethanol.
D) Antibiatics produced by microbes
are regarded as one of the most
discoveries of the 19th
signiticant
century and have greatly
contributed towards the weltare of
the human society
 Chapter-10
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFAIR
Microbes in Household Products
andBeverages
1 Which of the following statements is
incorrect?
A) Besides microscopic plants and
animals, microbes are the major
components of biological systems
on this earth.
B) Microbes are present everywhere
even in the harsh environments
such as deep inside the geysers
(thermal vents) where the
temperature may be as high as
100C.
C) Microbes are diverse-protozoa,
bacteria, fungi and microscopic
plant viruses, viroids and als0
prions.
D) Prions are proteinaceous insectious
agents.
2. Which of the following statements is
correct?
A) Microbes like protozoa can be
grown on nutritive media to form
colonies.
B) Microbes can cause diseases in
animals not plants.
C) Microbes are not found in highly
acidic environments.
D) All microbes are not harmful;
several microbes are useful to
human beings in diverse ways.
3. Pollowing is the image of a
bacteriophage.
Prongs
DP
Which of the following options
correctly labels its various parts?
A) 1: Head, I1: Neck. 111: Collar
B) 1: Collar, 11: Heacd, I1: Tail
C) 1: Collar, 11: Tail, 11: Head
D) 1: Tail, I: Collar, 1l1: Head
4. The organisms responsible for
converting milk into curd is-
A) Lactobacillus
B) Propionibacterum sharmaniü
C) LAB
D) Both (a) and (c)
Which of the following statements is
not incorrect?
A) LAB produces acids that coagulate
and completely digest the milk
proteins.
B) A small amount of cheese is added
to the fresh milk as inoculum or
starter contain millions of LAB
C)LAB multiply at a suitable
temperature, thus converting curd
to milk, which also improves its
nutritional quality by increasing
vitamin B12 in our stomach.
D) LAB plays very beneficial role in
checking disease causing
microbes.
6. The vitamin whose content increases
during curd formation by lactic acid
bacteria is
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin Bi2
D) Vitamin E
7. The small amount of curd added to
the fresh milk to convert it into curd
is called
A) starter
B) inoculum
C) implant
D) both (A) and (B)
 Chapter10 DPP

46. The depth of concrete tank of biogas 49.KVIC stands for-

plant in which bio-wastes are A) Khadi and Village Industries
collected and a slurry of dung is fed is Company
A) 10-12 meters B) Kisan and Village Industries
B) 10-12 feet Company
C) 10-15 meters C)Khadi and Village Industries
D) 10-15 feet Commission
47.How many of the following statements D) Khadi and Village Interest
are incorrect? Commission
1. The gobar gas is a special type of 50.Select the correct option among the
biogas generated from the dung following
of cattle.
I. A floating cover is placed over
the slurry, which keeps on rising
as the gas is produced in the
tank due to the microbial
activity.
III. A typical biogas plant has two
main outlets, one for biogas
which is used by nearby houses
and the other for spent which A) A slurry, B- Digester, C- Gas
may be u sed as fertiliser Holder, D Sludge
V. The technology of biogas
B) A sludge, C Gas mixture, B -

production was developed in Slurry, D- Water + Dung

India mainly due to the efforts of
C A- sludge, B- Digester, C -

Gas
ARI and KVIC. Holder, D- Slurry
V. Biogas plants are more often D) A slurry, C Gas mixture, B
- -

built in rural areas due to Sludge, D-Water + Dung

availability of large quantities of 51.Which of the following is mainly
cattle dung and thus the biogas produced by the activity of anaerobic
produced is used for cooking and bacteria on sewage?
lighting. A) Propane
A) 5 B) Mustard gas
B) 4 C) Marsh gas
C)3 D) Laughing gas
D) none 52.Which of the following statements
48.IARI stands for about methanogens is not correct?
A) Indian Academy of Research and A) They produce methane gas.
intelligence B) They can be used to produce
B) international Agricultural biogas.
Research lnsitute C) They are found in the rumen ol
C) Indian Agriculural Research cattle and theiu excreta
lnstitute D) They grow aerobically and
D) International Academy of Rescarchh breakdowa cellulose-rich lood
and Intelligence
 Chapter-10
33. The primary treatment of wastewater
removes
A) dissolved impurities
B) stable particles
C) methane
D) pathogens
34.Which of the following in sewage
treatment removes suspended solids?
A) Tertiary treatment
B) Secondary treatment
C) Primary treatment
D) Sludge treatment
35. Secondary sewage treatment is mainly
a CO2
A) physical process
B) mechanical process
C) chemical process
D) biological process
36. BOD of wastewater is represented as
A) total inorganic matter
B) biodegradable matter
C) carbon dioxide evolution
D) oxygen consumption
37.The high value of BOD (Biochemical
Oxygen Demand) indicates that
A) water is pure.
B) water is highly polluted.
C)water is less polluted.
Microbes in Production of Biogas
D) consumption of organic matter in
the water higher by microbes.
38.1f the activated sludge flocs do not get
enough oxygen supply,
A) it will increase the rate of the
treatment.
B) the center of flocs will become
anoxic, which would cause the
death of bacteria and eventually
breakage of flocs.
C) it will increase the size of flocs.
D) protoz0a would grow in large
numbers.
39.Methanogenic bacteria are not present
in
A) gobar gas plant
B) stomach of ruminants
C) bottom of water-logged paddy
fields
D) activated sludge
40.Activated sludge should settle quickly
so that
A) it is rapidly pumped back from
sedimentation tank to aeration
tank
DPP
B)absorb pathogenic bacteria present
in wastewater
C) it is anaerobically digested
D) absorbs inorganic matter
41.The sludge generated by wastewater
treatment is treated by
A) anaerobic digesters
B) loc
C) chemicals
D) oxidation pond
42.What gases are produced in anaerobic
sludge digesters?
A) Methane and CO2 only.
B) Methane, Hydrogen sulfide and
C) Hydrogen Sulfide and CO2.
D) Methane and CO2.
43.During sewage treatment, biogases
are produced which include
A) hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen,
methane
sulfide, carbon
B) methane, hydrogen
dioxide
C) methane, oxygen and hydrogen
sulfide
D) hydrogen sulfide, methane and
sulfur dioxide
44.The predominant gas in biogas is-
A) Methane
B) Carbon dioxide
CHydrogen sulphide
D) Methane
45.Which of the following is incorrect
with respect to production of biogas?
A) The type of the gas produced
depends upon the microbes and
the organic substrates they utilise.
B) Certain bacteria, which grow
anaerobically on cellulosic
material, produce large amount of
methane along with CO2 and N2 .
C) Methanogens are commonly tound
in the anaerobic sludge durings
sewage treatment, the common
example is Methanobacterium.
are also present n
D) Methanogens
the rumen of cattle where they
of cellulose
help in the breakdown role in the
and plaY an important
nutrition of cattle.
 Chapter- 10
27.Which of the following statements is
correct with respect to wastewater
treatment?
A) Treatment of wastewater is carried
out in three stages- Primary,
Secondary and Biological
Treatment
B) Primary treatment basically
involves physical removal of
particles- large and small - from
the sewage through sedimentation
then filtration.
C)All solids that settle form the
primary sludge, and the
supernatant forms the effluent.
D) The sludge from the primary
settling tank is taken for
secondary treatment.
28.Which of the following statements is
incorrect with respect to wastewater
treatment?
A) The primary effluent is passed into
large aeration tanks where it is
constantly agitated mechanically
and air is pumped into it. This
allows vigorous growth of useful
aerobic microbes into flocs.
B) Flocs are masses of bacteria
associated with fungal filaments to
form mesh like structures.
C) While growing, microbes consumne
the major part of the organic
matter in the effluent. This
significantly elevates the BOD
(biochemical oxygen demand) of
the efluent.
D) BOD refers to the amount of the
oxygen that would be consumed if
all the organic matter in one liter
of water were oxidised by bacteria.
29.Which of the following statements is
wrong with respect to wastewater
treatment?
A) The BOD test measures the rate of
uptake of oxygen by micro-
organisms in the sample of water.
B) BOD is a direct measure of the
organic matter present in the
water.
C) The greater the BOD of waste
water, more is its polluting
potential.
DPP
D) Once the BOD of sewage or waste
water is reduced significantly, the
effluent is then passed into a
settling tank where the bacterial
flocs' are allowed to sediment.
30.The gases which evolve from the
anaerobic sludge digester constituting
biogas are-
A) Methane, sulphur dioxide, carbon
sulphide
B) Carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride,
methane
chloride and
C) Methane, hydrogen
carbon dioxide
D) Methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen
sulphide
31.Which of the following statement is
Wrong?
A) In settling tank, the sedimented
bacterial flocs are called activated
sludge.
B) A small part of the activated sludge
is pumped back into the anaerobic
sludge digester to serve as the
inocu n.
C) In anaerobic sludge digesters,
other kinds of bacteria which grow
anaerobically, digest the bacteria
and the fungi in the sludge.
D) The biogas can be used as source
of energy as it is inflammable.
32.Which of the following statements is
incorrect?
A) The effluent from the secondary
treatment plant is generally
released into natural water bodies
like rivers and streams.
B) Microbes play a major role in
treating millions of gallons of waste
water everyday across the globe.
This methodology has been
decade
practiced for more than a
in almost all parts of the
now,
world.
manmade technology
C) Till date, no
microbial
has been able to rival the
treatment of sewage.
and
D) The Ministry of Environment
Action
Forests has initiated Ganga
Plan to
Plan and Yamuna Action
save these major
rivers of our
country from pollution.
 Chapter-10 DPP

66.The fungal symbiont in mycorrhiza C)Blue green algae add organic

association absorbs from soil1 matter to the soil and increase its
and passes it to the plant. fertility.
A) N D) In paddy fields, cyanobacteria
B) N and K serve as an important biofertiliser
C) P 69.The bacteria which can fix
D) Ca atmospheric nitrogen in it's free-living
67.How many of the following are correct form in the soil are -

with respect to mycorrhiza? A) Azospirillum and Azorhizobium

Fungi are also known to form B) Azospirillum and Azotobacter
symbiotic associations with C)Azotobacter and Rhizobium
plants (mycorrhiza). D) Frankia and Azospirillum
11. Many members of the genus 70.Which one of the following microbes
Glomus form mycorrhiza. form a symbiotic association with
III. It provide resistance to root- plants and helps them in their
borne pathogens. nutrition?
IV It provide tolerance to salinity A) Azotobacter
and drought. B) Aspergillus
V. It helps in overall increase in C) Glomus
plant growth and development. D) Trichoderma
A) 5 71.Which one of the following helps in
B) 4 the absorption of phosphorus from
C) 3 the soil by plants?
D) 1 A) Anabaena
68.Which of the following is incorrect? B) Glomuus
A) Rhizobium fixes atmospheric C) Rhizobium
nitrogen into inorganic forms D) Frankia
which are used by plants as 72.Which of the following is not a
nutrients. biofertilizer?
B) Cyanobacteria are autotrophic A) Rhizobium
microbes widely distributed in B) Nostoc
aquatic and terrestrial C Mycorrhiza
environments many of which can D) Agrobacterium
fix atmospheric nitrogen.
 Chapter 10 DPP

61.How many of the following are correct
with respect to Trichoderma?
1. Developed for use in the
treatment of plant diseases
II. It's species are free living fungi
that are very common in root
ecosystems.
I11. It belongs to the division
B) Bt-cotton to increase cotton yield.
C) Nucleopolyhedrovirus against
white rust in Brassica.
D) Trichoderma sp. against certain
plant pathogens.
64. Match the items in Column-I and
Column-II and choose the correct
answer.

Ascomycetes
IV. They are very effective biocontrol Column-1 Column-I
agents for several plant a Ladybird (1 Methanobacteriu
pathogens. m
A) 4 |(b Mycorrhiz (2 Trichoderma
B) 3 a

C) 2 (c)Biological (3 Aphids
D) 1 control

62.How many of the following are correct (d Biogas (4 Glomus

with respect to baculoviruses?
. They are pathogens that attack
insects and other arthropods. Which of the following is the correct
II. The majority of baculoviruses option?
used as biological control agents
are in the family
nucleopolyhedrovirus. A)
These viruses are excellent B)
candidates for species-specific, C)
narrow spectrum insecticidal D)
applications.
IV They have been shown to have
no negative impacts on plants,
Microbes as Biofertilizer
mammals, birds, fish or even on 65.Which of the following is incorrect?
non-target insects. A) Biofertilizers are organisms that
V. This is especially desirable when enrich the nutrient quality of the
beneficial insects are being
conserved to aid in an overall
soil
B) Realising the problems associated
integrated pest management with the overuse of chemical
programme, or when an
fertilisers, there is a large pressure
ecologically sensitive area is to switch to organic farming - the

being treated use of biofertilisers.

A) 5 The main sources of biofertilisers
B) 4
C
are bacteria, fungi, protozoans and
C)3 cyanobacteria.
D))2 In the root nodules of leguminous
63.Which one of the following is not an
D
plants, symbiotic association is
example of carrying out biological formed by Rhizobium.
control of pests/diseases using
microbes?
A) Ladybird beetle against aphids in
mustard.
 Chapter 10 DPP

53.Select the correct statement from the
following:
A) Activated sludge-sediment in
settlement tanks of the sewage
treatment plant is a rich source of
aerobic bacteria.
B) Methanobacterium is an aerobic
bacterium found in the rumen of
cattle.
C) Biogas is produced by the activity
of aerobic bacteria on animal
A) The insects that are sometimes
called pests are completely
eradicated.
B) All insects are eradicated.
C)When pests are beyond
manageable levels, they are
completely eradicated.
D) Pests are not eradicated but they
are kept at manageable levels.
57.The biopesticide used to get rid of
aphids is-

waste. A) Dragonflies
D) Biogas, commonly called gobar B) Baculoviru ses
gas, is pure methane. C) Ladybird
D) Bacillus thuringiensis
Microbes as Biocontrol Agent 58. Microbial biocontrol agent that can be
introduced in order to control
54.The use of biological methods for butterfly caterpillar is-

controlling plant disease and pest is A) Fungus Trichoderma

known as B) Bacillus tracin

A) Bioinvestment C) Baculoviru ses
B) Bioremediation D) Bacillus thuringiensis
C) Biofortification 59.The bacteria bacillus thuringiensis is

D) Biocontrol available in the market in the form of

55.How many of the following statements

are incorrect? A) Tablets

In agriculture, there is a method B) Powder
of controlling pests that relies on C) Spores
natural predation rather than D) Gel form
introduced chemicals. 60. Which of the following statements is

I. A key belief of the organic farmer incorrect?

is that biodiversity furthers A) Eradication of the pests is
undesirable as without them the
health.
beneficial predatory and parasitic
III. The conventional farming
in sects which depend upon them
practices rarely used chemical able
as food or hosts would not be
methods to kill both useful and
to survive.
harmful life forms B) An important part of the biological
indiscriminately. farming approach is to become
The organic farmer holds the familiar with the various life forms
IV that inhabit the field, predators as
view that the eradication of the
well as pests, and also their life
creatures that are often the
cycles, patterns of feeding and
described as pests is not only habitats that they preter.
red
possible, but also undesirable.
C) The very familiar beetle with
A) 4 and black markings is the
B) 3 Ladybird
mixed with water
C) 2 D) Bt spores are

and sprayed onto valuable plants

D) 1
such as brassicas and fruit
trees,
56.In a system of checks and balances where these are eaten by
the insect

adults
 Chapter-10 DPP

ANSWER KEY

MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE

5 8 9 10
2 3 4
D D C D D B c
Ans D
15 16 17 18 19 20
11 12 13 14
Q C C A
C D B D C C
Ans C
26 27 28 29 30
21 22 23 24 25
D C C B D
Ans D D D D
36 37 38 39 40
31 32 33 34 35
D B B D A
B B C D
Ans B 49 50
44 45 46 47 48
41 42 43
Q D C C C
B B A B D
Ans 60
53 54 55 56 57 58 59
51 52
D C D C D
D A D D
Ans C 70
65 66 67 68 69
61 62 63 64
C A B C
B B C
Ans B
71 72
Ans B D