What is Health?

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, social wellbeing

and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
What is Health System?
All organizations,
people and activities
whose primary intent is
to promote, restore or
maintain health.
 WHO Health Systems Framework
System Building Blocks
Overall Goals and Outcomes
Service Delivery
Improved Health &
Equity
Health Workforce Access
Coverage
Responsiveness
Information System
Quality Financial Protection
Health Technology Safety

Finance Efficiency

Leadership &
Governance
System Building Blocks

Service Delivery
Ensuring strategic frameworks exist
and combined with effective oversight
Health Workforce
, the provision of regulations and
Information System
incentives , and accountability.

Health Technology

Finance

Leadership &
Governance
System Building Blocks

Service Delivery
Having enough funds in ways that
Health Workforce ensure people can use needed
services , and are protected from
Information System financial catastrophe.

Health Technology

Finance

Leadership &
Governance
System Building Blocks

Service Delivery Ensuring access to any intervention

has effect on health improvement ,
Health Workforce are used to diagnose or treat patient
( medications, vaccines and
Information System instrumentation).

Health Technology

Finance

Leadership &
Governance
 ➢ Very important to identify the problems and needs , make
System Building Blocks
evidence- based decisions on health policy, and allocate
resources optimally .
Service Delivery ➢ It is digital system (computerized) used to acquire, store,
transmit, analyze and present information .
➢ Its benefits :- ensures accuracy of data and reduces any
Health Workforce chance of medical errors, it saves time and effort( can focus
more on patient treatment and follow-up), faster
prescriptions and reduces paperwork, enables
Information System communication ( share data across different department).
➢ Examples:- Electronic Medical Record (EMR),Medical Billing
Software, E- Prescribing Software, Master Patient
Health Technology Index(MPI),Patient Portals.
Life cycle :- Needs assessment.
System selection.
Finance Implementation.
Maintenance.
Leadership &
Governance
System Building Blocks

Service Delivery
All medical staff or healthcare team ( sufficient
number, fairly distributed, competent and
Health Workforce
productive)

Information System

Health Technology

Finance

Leadership &
Governance
System Building Blocks

Service Delivery ❑ Primary health care and hospitals .

❑ Delivery of series of interventions
personal (preventive, diagnostic,
Health Workforce
therapeutic and rehabilitative) and non
personal ( basic sanitation , health
Information System promotion , occupational safety and road
traffic safety).
Health Technology

Finance

Leadership &
Governance
 WHO Health Systems Framework
System Building Blocks
Overall Goals and Outcomes
Service Delivery
Improved Health &
Equity
Health Workforce Access
Coverage
Responsiveness
Information System
Quality Financial Protection
Health Technology Safety

Finance Efficiency

Leadership &
Governance
Egypt vision 2030 Health goals

The improvement of the health of citizens

within a framework of justice and equity

Achieve universal healthcare coverage

for all Egyptians and ensure high quality

Improve health sector governance

 What is Governance?
❑ Meaning “to steer“
❑ Action of governing a state , organization , …etc.
❑ System by which an organization is directed , overseen & held
accountable for achieving its defined purpose.
❑ Is the process of insuring that health systems are accountable ,
transparent , efficient & responsive to the needs & preferences of the
people they serve.
❑ Rules that distribute roles and responsibilities among societal actors.
 Societal Actors

State

Citizen Provider
 Accountability
▪ All decision – makers and individuals take responsibility for their
decisions.
▪ Information on performance.
 Rule Of Law
• Ensure that decisions and activities do not breach the
boundaries of law.
 Transparency
• There is public access to all information.
 Consensus Orientation
• Majority ruling accepted as one of the forms used to
reach a decision.
 Responsiveness
• Responsible individuals should respond to stakeholders needs
in a positive and timely manner.
 Effectiveness And Efficiency
• Effectiveness of services offered by organizations .
• Efficiency by saving on unnecessary costs.
•
Participation
All decision taken should include a process of engagement of all stakeholders especially those who
directly affected by them .
• Engagement :-
Patient , families and healthcare team working in active partnership at various levels across healthcare
system to improve health and health care.
• Methods of engagement:-
✓Patient information by :- leaflets or videos. - posters - encourage asking questions
- design easy to read educational material.
✓Shared decision making :- patient should work together with clinician to select tests, treatments and
management based on best available evidence.
 Equity
❑Equity means social justice or fairness .
❑Equity focuses on ensuring and treating those who
require care in ways that are appropriate to what
they need to enjoy full, healthy lives.
❑Equity aims to remove unjust and unnecessary
differences.
❑This require us to consider the possibility of making
different arrangements of resource allocating.

Equity ≠ Equality