VERCHILDS HIGH SCHOOL

CHEMISTRY

FORM 4 - KESTREL

CLASSWORK #1b and Assignment 1b

Name Of Student: ___________________________________________

School I.D. Number: _________________________________________

Class: __________________________________________________________

Name Of Teacher: Anukam Lordsfavour

Territory: St. Kitts and Nevis

Topics: Reaction of Carbon Compounds

INSTRUCTIONS
READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.
1. Answer ALL questions
2. Write your answers in the spaces provided
3. Where appropriate, ALL WORKINGS MUST BE SHOWN on the paper
4. Write your name at the top of all the pages of the paper

1. What is a hydrocarbon, and can you provide an example?

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 2. What is the reaction mechanism involved in combustion of
hydrocarbons?
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3. What is the difference between alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes?

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4. What happens when alcohol is oxidized?

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5. What is the reaction that converts an alkane into an alkene called?

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6. What is the reaction involved in the conversion of an alkene into an

alkane?
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7. What is the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

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8. What is the reaction called when carboxylic acid reacts with alcohol to
form ester?
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9. How do you distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols

using oxidation reactions?
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ANSWERS

1. Hydrocarbon Definition and Example:

Hydrocarbon is a compound made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

 Example: Methane (CH₄) is a simple hydrocarbon. It's the main component of natural gas and
has one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms.

2. Combustion Reaction Mechanism:

Combustion of hydrocarbons involves a reaction with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide
and water.

 Reaction Mechanism: In the presence of oxygen, hydrocarbons undergo combustion, where

carbon and hydrogen atoms combine with oxygen to form carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water
(H₂O).

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 Example: For methane (CH₄): ��4+2�2→��2+2�2�CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O

3. Difference Between Alkanes, Alkenes, and Alkynes:

 Alkanes: Saturated hydrocarbons with single bonds between carbon atoms (e.g., methane,
CH₄).
 Alkenes: Unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond (e.g., ethene,
C₂H₄).
 Alkynes: Unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (e.g., ethyne,
C₂H₂).

4. Oxidation of Alcohol:
When alcohol is oxidized, it forms either aldehyde or ketone.

 Process: The alcohol molecule loses hydrogen atoms, typically with the help of an oxidizing
agent, resulting in the formation of aldehyde or ketone.
 Example: Ethanol (C₂H₅OH) can be oxidized to form acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO).

5. Conversion of Alkane to Alkene:

The reaction converting an alkane into an alkene is called dehydrogenation or elimination
reaction.

 Process: Hydrogen atoms are removed from adjacent carbon atoms, resulting in the formation
of a double bond between those carbon atoms.
 Example: Propane (C₃H₈) can be converted to propene (C₃H₆) through dehydrogenation:
�3�8→�3�6+�2C3H8→C3H6+H2