PRESENTED BY:

NARURALISTIC JAY R ATIENZA

MAEBELL JANE M. CRUZ
INTRODUCTION
It is a type of Philosophy according to which nature is
ultimate reality
Nature is everything, there is nothing beyond it
It believes that nature contains all the answer to all
philosophical problems.
There is nothing beyond nature, behind nature and other
than nature
Nature is also termed s materialism
it doesn’t believe in sentimentalism, spiritualism and
supernatural powers.
FOLLOWERS OF NATURALISTISM
Father of naturalism : jj Rousseau.
Other Followers - Aristotle, Comte, Tagore, Bacon, Darwin,
Huxley, Spencer

Definition:

According to Thomas and Lang : “Naturalism is opposed to

idealism, subordinates mind to matter and holds that
ultimate reality is material world, not spiritual world”
NTURALISM 1. Metaphysics
IN
PHILOSPHY 2. Epistemology

3. Axiology
 METHAPHYSICS
It deals with reality; According to Naturalism, nature alone is
ultimate reality
Everything comes out of nature and becomes one with it.
There is nothing beyond nature, behind nature and other than
nature
It’s slogan are “Return to Nature’ and ‘break the chains of
society’
Naturalists consider material world as the real world.
Laws of nature are unchangeable and entire universe is
governed by them
They do not believe in God, Soul and Divine spirit.
 EPISTOMOLOGY

Naturalism believes that we gain knowledge through senses

as senses are gateway of knowledge
All the truth can be known through sense.
Naturalism believes in the direct knowledge of nature.
It oppose bookish knowledge.
Naturalist do not believe in spiriual knowledge
 AXIOLOGY
It deals with values.
According to naturalism there are no absolute, external and
ultimate values.
All values resides in nature.
It do not believe in spiritual values.
To feel the values of nature one has to live in harmony with
nature.
Slogan of naturalism is “To follow nature”.
CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURALISM

Senses are the gateaway Supernaturalism is

of knowlegde. denied by naturalism

Laws of nature are

unchangable.

Material world is the Science reveals the

real world mysteries of nature
PRINCICPLES OF NATURALISM
Child centered education : Naturalism gives central
position to the child in the education process. The child is
in the forefront and all other things such as teacher,
curriculum, books are in the background.

Freedom of the child : We should provide full freedom for

the natural and complete development of the child. He
must learn from his own mistakes. It gives emphasis on the
training of sense as senses are the gateway of knowledge
 PRINCICPLES
Instincts as basis for education: Naturalist believe that it is
through education that child’s animal behavior should be
transformed into human behavior.
Child’s Happiness : Priority should be given to child’s
happiness in the whole education.
Negative Education: the negative education “consists not
in teaching the principles of virtue but in guiding the heart
against vice and mind against error.
It is against bookish knowledge and verbalism
 NATURALISM AND
AIMS OF EDUCATION
Encouraging curiosity and exploration: Naturalism values the
innate curiosity of individuals and aims to encourage
exploration of the natural world.

Fostering a sense of connection to nature: Naturalism

emphasizes the interconnectedness of all living things and aims
to foster a sense of respect and appreciation for the natural
world.
 NATURALISM AND
AIMS OF EDUCATION
Promoting experiential learning: Naturalism advocates for
hands-on, experiential learning opportunities that allow
individuals to learn through direct interaction with the natural
world.

Developing critical thinking skills: Naturalism values

observation, experimentation, and critical thinking as essential
tools for understanding the natural world and aims to develop
these skills in learners.
 NATURALISM AND CURRICULUM
Naturalistic curriculum is based on the interest and psychology
of child. Education should be given according to inborn
instincts of the child
Curriculum should lay emphasis on present life but study of
past experience should be given due importance in the
curriculum.
Curriculum should include various activities and skills for self
preservation and expression.
 NATURALISM AND CURRICULUM

In naturalistic curriculum no place is given to traditional

subject and religous education
Curriculum is divided in two stages
I. Earlier stage : Sensory training
II. Later stage : Subjects are include in the curriculum though
activities and occupations like physical sciences, language,
mathematics, manual work, trade, moral education, etc.
 NATURALISM IN TEACHING
METHOD
Learning by doing.
Learning through direct experiences.
Education through senses.
Play way method.
Activity method.
Freedom to the child.
Observation Montessori, kindergarten methods.
Self efforts, Co-Education.
 NATURALISM DISCIPLINE
They want to give full freedom to the child.
Nature by itself is teacher that gives lesson of discipline to
man. If the child makes a mistakes he will get punishment.
No physical punishment.
Full freedom to child.
Free society.
NATURALISM AND TEACHER
“Let Nature be your teacher” - William Words Worth.
Teacher as a Protector.
Teacher as a Stage Setter.
Teacher as observer.
Teacher’s role is secondary according to Naturalism.
Teacher as a gardener.
 NATURALISM AND SCHOOL
The school environment should be completely free and
flexible.
It should be in the lap of nature.
No fix time-table.
No boundation of examination.
No provision for punishment.
It should be helpful for the free and natural development of
the child.
CONTRIBUTION OF NATURALISM
Child centered education.
Psychological and progressive methods of teaching.
Freedom to child.
Experience centered curriculum.
Broad based curriculum.
Scientific study.
Instincts, impulses and emotions should form the basis of all
education of the child.
RELEVANCE OF NATURALISM
IN 21st CENTURY
It has shifted the subject-centered curriculum to an
experience centered curriculum,
It has given birth to the modern methods of teaching.
It has emphasized child-centered educational process.
Senses are the gateways of knowledge. Education is very
much effective when it comes through sensory channels.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING