International Journal of Public Health

Relationship between health behaviour and body mass index in the Serbian adult population – data from National Health Survey 2013

Miloš Ž.Maksimović, Jelena M.Gudelj Rakić, Hristina D.Vlajinac, Nadja D.Vasiljević, and Jelena M.Marinković

Corresponding author: Miloš Ž.Maksimović, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
e-mail: milos.maksimovic@mfub.bg.ac.rs

Supplementary table 1. Characteristics of survey participants across body mass index (BMI) categories, Republic of Serbia 2013

Characteristics All BMI categories p value

#
n = 12461 < 18.50 18.50-24.99 25.00-29.99 ≥30.00

n=298 (2.4) n=4822 (37.5) n=4548 (36.5) n=2793 (22.4)

Age groups, n (%) <0.001

<45 years 5340 (42.9) 216 (72.5) 2737 (56.8) 1683 (37.0) 704 (25.2)

45-64.9 years 4708(37.8) 42 (14.1) 1400 (29.0) 1887 (41.5) 1379 (49.4)

>65 years 2413(19.3) 40 (13.4) 685 (14.2) 978 (21.5) 710 (25.4)

Sex, n (%) <0.001

Men 6008 (48.2) 66 (22.1) 2047 (42.5) 2608 (57.3) 1287 (46.1)

Women 6453 (51.8) 232 (77.9) 2775 (57.5) 1940 (42.7) 1506 (53.9)

Education, n (%) <0.001

Low 3069 (24.6) 72 (24.1) 941 (19.5) 1098 (24.1) 958 (34.3)

Middle 7162 (57.5) 175 (58.5) 2877 (59.7) 2628 (57.8) 1482 (53.1)

High 2230 (17.9) 51 (17.4) 1004 (20.8) 822 (18.1) 353 (12.6)

Marital status, n (%) <0.001

 Married/living with partner 8123 (65.1) 114 (38.4) 2806 (58.4) 3161 (69.5) 2042 (73.2)

Living without partner# 4338 (34.9) 184 (61.6) 2016 (41.8) 1387 (30.5) 751 (26.8)

Cigarette smoking##, n (%) <0.001

Non-smokers 5945 (49.0) 126 (43.4) 2188 (46.6) 2228 (50.3) 1403 (51.8)

Former smokers 2387 (19.7) 45 (15.5) 774 (16.5) 938 (21.2) 630 (23.3)

Smokers 3789 (31.3) 119 (41.0) 1731 (36.9) 1263 (28.5) 676 (25.0)

Alcohol consumption, n (%) <0.001

Abstainers 5942 (47.7) 141 (47.3) 2148 (44.6) 2090 (46.0) 1563 (56.0)

Three times per month and less 3925 (31.5) 110 (36.9) 1718 (35.6) 1384 (30.4) 713 (25.3)

Once a week and more 2594 (20.8) 47 (15.8) 956 (19.8) 1074 (23.6) 517 (18.5)

Breakfast frequency, n (%) 0.001

Every day 9691 (77.8) 203 (67.9) 3715 (77.0) 3588 (78.9) 2185 (78.3)

Sometimes 2297 (18.4) 77 (25.8) 912 (18.9) 803 (17.7) 505 (18.1)

Never 473 (3.8) 18 (6.3) 195 (4.0) 157 (3.5) 103 (3.6)

Adding salt, n (%) 0.001

Always 1152 (9.2) 35 (11.7) 446 (9.2) 421 (9.3) 250 (9.0)

Sometimes 4884 (39.2) 108 (36.1) 1918 (39.8) 1855 (40.8) 1003 (35.9)

Never 6425 (51.6) 155 (52.2) 2458 (51.0) 2272 (50.0) 1540 (55.1)

Type of bread used, n (%) 0.377

Wholemeal bread 1062 (8.5) 17 (5.7) 421 (8.7) 374 (8.2) 250 (9.0)

All types of bread 2337 (18.8) 50 (16.8) 892 (18.5) 874 (19.2) 521 (18.7)

Refined bread 9062 (72.7) 231 (77.5) 3509 (72.8) 3300 (72.6) 2022 (72.3)

Type of fat for food preparation, n (%) 0.001

Vegetable oil 8977 (72.0) 226 (75.6) 3527 (73.1) 3293 (72.4) 1931 (69.2)
 Animal fats (lard, butter, margarine) 3484 (28.0) 72 (24.4) 1295 (26.9) 1255 (27.6) 862 (30.8)

Fruit consumption frequency, n (%) 0.001

Once a day and more 5777 (46.4) 118 (39.6) 2159 (44.8) 2157 (47.4) 1343 (48.1)

4-6 times per week 3310 (26.6) 73 (24.5) 1319 (27.4) 1205 (26.5) 713 (25.5)

1-3 times per week and less 3374 (27.0) 107 (35.9) 1344 (27.8) 1186 (26.1) 737 (26.4)

Fruit consumption, portions, n (%) 0.006

5 portions per day and more 6888 (55.3) 183 (61.4) 2720 (56.4) 2479 (54.5) 1506 (53.9)

2-4 portions per day 3184 (25.6) 63 (21.1) 1161 (24.1) 1229 (27.0) 731 (26.2)

1 portion per day and less 2389 (19.2) 52 (17.4) 941 (19.5) 840 (18.5) 556 (19.9)

Vegetable consumption frequency, n (%) 0.060

Once a day and more 7331 (58.8) 169 (56.7) 2779 (57.6) 2711 (59.6) 1672 (59.9)

4-6 times per week 3548 (28.5) 77 (25.8) 1412 (29.3) 1272 (28.0) 787 (28.2)

1-3 times per week and less 1582 (12.7) 52 (17.4) 631 (13.1) 565 (12.4) 334 (11.9)

Vegetable consumption, portions, n (%) 0.260

5 portions per day and more 5206 (41.8) 130 (43.6) 2070 (42.9) 1861 (40.9) 1145 (41.0)

2-4 portions per day 4181 (33.6) 87 (29.2) 1582 (32.8) 1550 (34.1) 962 (34.4)

1 portion per day and less 3074 (24.6) 81 (27.2) 1170 (24.3) 1137 (25.0) 686 (24.6)

Physical activity†, n (%) <0.001

Low (10-29 minutes per day) 5310 (42.6) 130 (43.6) 1915 (39.7) 1954 (43.0) 1311 (46.9)

Moderate (30-59 minutes per day) 3505 (28.1) 78 (26.2) 1440 (29.9) 1299 (28.6) 688 (24.6)

High (more than 60 minutes per day) 3646 (29.3) 90 (30.2) 1467 (30.4) 1295 (28.5) 794 (28.4)

BMI – Body Mass Index; # According to chi-square test; ## There were no data for 340 participants; † Physical activity refers to transport-related physical activity
(walking or riding a bicycle)