Vocabulary

4-Digit Expanded Form

Place Value

Numbers
Face Value
Predecessor
Successor
Ascending Order

Descending Order

Warm Up revise the same by answering

class. Let us
You have learnt 3-digit numbers in the previous
some questions.
blanks.
Look at the given numbers. Fill in the

406
792

355
535

1. (a) Which is the smallest number?

(b) Write this number in words.

2. (a)Which is the greatest number?

form.
(b) Write this number in expanded
the least.
3. Order these numbers from the greatest to

4. Which number has a 5 in the tens place?

5. (a) Find the product of the place value of 9 in 792 and the
face value of 4 in 406.

(b) Write the successor of this product.

6. (a) Write the greatest 3-digit number using the HT 0
digits of the number 792.
(b) Show the number formed in (a) on an abacus.

7
 Counting Numbers up to Ten Thousand
You have learnt that

are the same as

10 ones 10 ones make 1 ten 1 ten

or 10 ones = 1 ten

are the same as

tens 10 tens make 1 hundred 1 hundred

or 10 tens = 1 hundred

The number 999 can be shown as under:

9 hundreds 9 tens 9 ones

E#
900 90 999
If we add 1 (one) more to it, it gives us the smallest 4-digit number as shown below:

One moore

9 hundreds 9 tens 9 ones + 1 one

900 90 9+1?

9 hundreds 9 tens + 1 ten = 10 tens

X
900 100

5 105T
4
This is a
block of
1000.

10 hundreds 1000
1000

This is the thousands place.

One thousand can be shown as:

Th HT0 10hundreds 1thousand
|1 0 0 vwvwrwwwvkon
0
npvww
Count By Thousands Read asS Place Value

One Th H T|o
1000
Thousand
1 00 0

Two Th H To
2000
Thousand

Three Th H To
3000
Thousand

Four ThHT0
4000
Thousand

5000
Five Th HT O

housand

6000 Six Th HT
Thousand

7000
Seven Th HT 0||
Thousand

8000
Eight Th H|To
Thousand

9000 Nine Th HT
Thousand

10
Exercise 1A
1. Write the standard numerals. One has been done for you.
(a) two thousand 2000 (b) seven thousand
(c) five thousand (d) four thousand
(e) eight thousand (f) nine thousand
2. Write the missing numerals.
(a) 2000 5000
(b) 3100 3200 3700
(c) 4300 4900
(d) 7800 8400
(e) 9300 9900
3. Write a 4-digit numeral for each of the following. One has been done for you.
(a) Five thousand (b) Eight thousand
(c) Thirty-seven hundred 3700 (d) Five thousand six hundred
(e) Sixty-four hundred (f) Three thousand eight hundred
(g) Seventy-two hundred (h) Nine thousand nine hundred

Forming 4-Digit Numbers

1. Oral Work

one ten hundred thousand

w.ww

(a) How many ones are there in a ten?

(b) How many tens are there in a hundred?
(c) How many hundreds are there in a thousand?
(d) How many tens are there in a thousand?
2. Look at the following.

1 thousand 4 hundreds 3 tens 7 ones

We say 'one thousand four hundred thirty-seven
We write

1,437 or 1437
Th HTlo
14 37
We put a' comma A little space is left. This space separates the
here. hundreds digit and the thousands digit.

Likewise we have:
(a)

4 1 2 5

4 thousands +1 hundred + 2 tens + 5 ones

Four thousand one hundred
4000 100 20
twenty-five (Word form
4,125 (Standard form
(b)

Th HTO
5 3 0 4

Five thousand three hundred

5 thousands 3 hundreds + 4 ones four n9 (Word form
5000 300 4
5,304 (Standard form)
(C)
Th HTo
2 4 00
Two thousand four hundred
2thousands 4 hundreds
2000 400 (Word form
2,400 (Standard form

12
Different Ways to Write a Number
A 4-digit number, say 4,789 can be written in three ways.
Standard Form 4,789
Expanded Form 4000+700+80+9
Word Form Four thousand seven hundred eighty-nine

Example:
Th HTo
4 3 2 5
4,325 (Standard form)
4000+ 300 +20+5
(Expanded form)
4 thousands+3 hundreds + 2 tens+5 ones Four thousand three hundred
4000 300 20 5 twenty-five (Word form)

Example:
Th HT
2 0 40

2,040 (Standard form)

2000+0+40 (Expanded form)
or2000+ 40
thousands + 4 tens
40
Two thousand forty (Word form)
2000
the hundreds place. There are no ones,
There are no hundreds you may put a "0 at
here, so

so you may put a "0' at the ones place

but actually there is no need to do it.
be correct if you write it this way.
You may simply write 5009 as 5000 +9. It would also

Exercise 1B
Write the number represented by the blocks in all forms.

6 thousands 4 hundreds 3 tens 7 ones

13
 Standard form
Word form Th HT
Expanded form
2.

4 thousands 2 hundreds 1 ten

Standard form
Word form
Expanded form
Th HT
3.

5 thousands 6 tens
Standard form
Word form Th HT
Expanded form L
4.

3 thousands 8 ones
Standard form
Word form Th HT
Expanded form

Numbers on the Abacus

Like 3-digit numbers we can show 4-digit numbers also on isting o
rods. Starting from the left, the rods would represent spike abacus consind
ndreds, tens
thousands, hundreds, ten*
respectively.

14
A few numbers are shown on the abacus.
Th H T0 Th H T Th H TO0 ThHT
Five thousand Five thousand Five thousand Five thousand
5,000 one hundred one hundred one hundred
5,100 thirty thirty-seven
5,130 5,137
Exercise 1C
Write the numbers shown on each abacus in all forms. One has been for you.
1. Th HT O Standard form
2,314
Th H Two thousand three hundred fourteen Word form
2 31 4 2000+300 +10+4 Expanded form
2. ThHTO Standard form
Th H Word form
Expanded form
3. Th HTO Standard form
Th H 0o Word form
Expanded form
4. Standard form
Th HT Oo Word form
Expanded form
5. Th HT O
.Standard form
Th H -Word form
Expanded form
15
 LO
EL 6S
m
-0000c0o00
RO0000000
I00000000g
E-o0000000o
 (g) 7985 to 8004

7985

8000 8004

(h) 9951 to 10000

9951
9965

9977

9982
9993 10000

2. Write the numerals for each of the following number words. One has been done
for you.
(a) One thousand five hundred twenty 1,520
(b) Three thousand four hundred sixty-nine
(c) Four thousand seven
(d) Seven thousand eighty-nine
(e) Nine thousand nine hundred ninety-nine
(f) Nine thousand nine
3. Write the number words for each of the following numerals. One has been done
for you.
(a) 3,759 Three thousand seven hundred fifty-nine.

(b) 2,375
(c) 4,083
(d) 4,701
(e) 6,008

(f) 8,888
(g) 8,700
4. Complete the following.
(a) 7,777 7000+ +70+7 (b) 5,649= +600+40 +9

17
5. Write the following numbers in the expanded form.
(a) 2, 486
(b) 4,578
(c) 5,064
(d) 8,970
6. Write in the standard form.
(a) 5000+300+60+7 =
(b) 6000+ 200+0+5
(c) 8000+200+ 10+0 =
(d) 9000+600+90+8
7. Write the missing numbers in the following patterns.
(a) 1000,1001, 1002,
less
(b) 8310,8309,8308,
2 more

(c) 1112,1114,1116,
5 more

(d) 6425,6430,6435,

8. Write the number just before. One has been done for you.

(a) 9507 9508 (b) 5900

(c) 6984 (d) 4570

9. Write the greatest 4-digit number.

10. Write the smallest number of 4 digits.
11. Write the number just after. One has been done for you.

8562 8563 (b) 6729

(c) 2185 (d) 7009

18
Place Value and Face Value of a Number
Numbers are made up of digits. You have already learnt in the earlier classes that the "face
value' of any particular digit in a given numeral is the value of the digit itself irrespective
of its position in the given numeral. It is, therefore, always the same. The 'place value' of
any particular digit depends upon its position in the place value chart and changes with the
position of the digit.
Face value of 6 is 6. Face value of 3 is 3.
Note
Place value of a digit =
5 6 7 1 3 4 8
digit x value of the place

Place value of 6 is 60. Place value of 3 is 300.

Example 1: Find the face value and the place value of each digit in 3756.
Solution
Number Digit Face Value Place Value

Th HT0 3 3 3 thousands 3000

7 7 7 hundreds 700

5 5 5 tens= 50

6 6 6 ones = 6
37 55 6
Math Fact!
The place value and
Example 2: Find the place values of the digits in the number
the face value of Ois
5028. always 0.
Solution: Th H T o
50 28
8 The place value of 8 is 8 ones i.e., 8.
20 The place value of 2 is 2 tens, i.e., 20.
0 The place value of 0 is 0 hundred, i.e., 0.
5000 Theplace value of 5 is 5 thousands, i.e., 5000.

Exercise 1E
Write the place value of
1. 3 in (a) 4378 (b) 3509 c) 4736
2. 5 in (a) 1325 (b) 5019 (c) 2578
3. 6 in (a) 2760 (b) 8621 (c) 6032

19
 4. Tick (V) the number or numbers that match each statement.

(a) There is a 3 in the hundreds place 3487 1340 2354

(b) There is a 6 in the tens place 4626 4060 632
(c) There is a 7 in the thousands 7490 7373 1730
place
(d) There is a 0 in the ones place 4490 3093 570

Work out the

following.
5. The difference of the
place values of two 8s in 3688.
6. The product of the
place value of 3 in 7830 by its face value.
7. The quotient when the place value of 6 in 5986 is divided by its face value.
8. The product of the place value of 5 in 1253
by the face value of 9 in 9078.

Maths Lab ActivityVTeacher to Assist)

Learning Objective: Understanding the expanded form of numbers by activity method.
Materials Required: Place value cards as shown
below, pencil and paper.
Th H

Procedure:
Step : Each student should have five place value cards.
Step 2: The teacher should call out a 4-digit number. For example, 2493.
Step 3: The student should fill the digits correctly in the place value card as shown.

Th HT
2 4 9

Step 4: The teacher can ask the class the following questions.
How many thousands? 2. What is the place value of 2?2000
How many hundreds?4. What is the place value of 4? 400
How many tens?9. What is the place value of 9?90
How many ones?3. What is the place value of 33
Step 5: Now, the students should write the expanded form of the number by adding all
the place values.
2493 2000+400 +90+3
Repeat the above steps for more numbers.
The teacher can also ask the students the face value of the digits in the given number.

20
Comparing Numbers

1,749 is greater than 1,356. 1,356 is less than 1,749.

1,749 1,356 1,356 1,749

Comparing Numbers having Different Number of Digits

Rule
A number containing more number of digits is bigger (greater or larger) than the number
having lesser number of digits.

Example 3: Which is greater-(a) 135 or 78, (b) 5386 or 982 ?

Solution: If you write these numbers on the number line, the number 78 will come
before 135. Since 78 is to the left of 135, therefore, 78< 135 or 135> 78.
5386 > 982.
Similarly, 982 is to the left of 5386. Therefore, 982 < 5386 or
135 982 5386
78

Do you notice that 78 is a 2-digit number while 135 is a 3-digit number.

Hence, 135> 78.
number. Hence,
Again, 982 is a 3-digit number while 5386 is 4-digit
a

5386>982.

Number of Digits
Comparing Numbers with the Same
Rule the digits in thousands place. If they are
To compare two 4-digit numbers, first compare the digits
the digits in the hundreds place. If they are also equal, compare
equal, compare
the digits in the ones place.
in the tens place. If they too are equal, compare
7589?
Example 4: Which is greater 7598
or

Solution: Using a place value chart

Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones
5 9
8 9
7598> 7589
5
Same 9 tens>8 tens
Same
21
 The digit at the thousands place in both the numerals is same. It is 7. The digit at the
hundreds place in both the numbers is also same. It is 5. The digit in tens place inthe
numeral 7,598 is greater than the digit in the tens place in the numeral 7,589, so the number
7,598 is greater than 7,589.
Ans. 7598> 7589 or 7589 < 7598.
Example 5: Trishul and Nanda Devi are two mountain
peaks in the Himalayan mnountain range.
The height of Trishul is 7,120 m while the
height of Nanda Devi is 7,816 m. Which
mountain peak is higher?
Solution: Use a place value chart to compare the heights of the two peaks.
Name of Peak Thousands HundredsTens Ones
Trishul 1 2
Nanda Devi 8 1

same 8 hundreds> 1 hundred

Since, 8 hundreds is more than 1 hundred, the height of Nanda Devi is more than the
height of Trishul.

Exercise IF
1. Compare the numbers.Write> or <or =in the
(a) 8737 8773 (b) 5942 5492 (c) 400 509
(d) 6300 6000+300 (e) 5100 500-10 () 4328 1956
(g) 8320 8094 (h) 7000+100+60+3 7613
2. From each set of numbers, tick ( ) the largest and ring the smallest.
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5,246 8,369 8,056 4,867
5,346 8,359 9,056 4,876
5,446 8,349 7,056 4,786
3. There were 9,037 people at the cricket match on Friday.
There were 9,073 people on Saturday. On which day were 9,037 9,073
there more people ?
4. 5,946 tickets were sold on Friday
and 5,887 tickets
Saturday.On which day were more tickets sold?
on 5,946 5,887

22
Ordering Numbers
Arranging numbers in increasing or decreasing order is known as
ordering numbers.
Ascending
Ascending order means increasing order. The numbers 1,2, 3, 4,5
are written in ascending order.

Descending order means decreasing order. The numbers 5, 4,3, 2,

1 are written in descending order.

Example 5: Write the following numbers in ascending order.

Solution:
7816, 8936, 9032, 7924, 6015, 327, 19 Descending
Th H T O
Step 1: Prepare a 'Place Value Chart as
(a) 7 8 1 6
shown on the right.
(b) 8 9 3 6
(c) 9 0 3 2
(d) 7 9 2 19 is thee
(e) 6
.
0 wwwww
smallest.
( 3
() 9
Step 2: The 2-digit number is the smallest followed by the 3-digit number, i.e; 19 < 327.

Step 3: Starting at the left, compare digits at the thousands place. You would notice
9>8>7>6.
There are 2 numbers with digit 7 at the thousands place.
Step 4: Compare the hundreds digit of these two numbers. You would notice that out of
these two numbers

1 6
Note
7 Indescending order the numbers would be arranged
as under
7 2 4 9032, 8936, 7924, 7816, 6015, 327, 19

Thedigit 9 >8. Therefore, 7924> 7816.

Thus, 9032> 8936>7924> 7816> 6015> 327> 19.
If arranged in ascending order the numbers would be written in the reverse order as
19<327 < 6015 < 7816< 7924< 8936 <9032.
With some practice it should be possible for you to write a given set of numbers in
ascendin
or descending orders without making a place value chart.

Exercise 1G
1. Find out whether the following are in ascending or descending order. Indicate by
writing A or D.
(a) 15, 150, 1500, 1520, 1600, 1800, 3405
(b) 312, 321, 342, 356, 1273, 1300, 3274, 3300
(c) 4709, 4700, 4699, 4599, 3992, 3888, 2900
2. Write in ascending order. One has been done for you.
(a) 63, 19, 51, 103, 1003
19, 51, 63, 103, 1003
(b) 908, 115, 396, 539, 718
(c) 4562, 6714, 872, 8967, 9573
(d) 8306, 6038, 3680, 3868, 8036
3. Write in descending order.
(a) 4352, 298, 2250, 5230, 3250
(b) 853, 6767, 8853, 9872, 7667
(c) 7000, 7007, 7777, 7077, 7770
(d) 342, 4230, 2340, 3420, 4302

Successor and Predecessor

Successor
The number 18 comes just after 17. Therefore, the number 18 is called the successor of 1

The number that comes just after a particular number is called its successor You can
get the successor by adding 1 to the number.

89+1= 90, therefore, 90 is the successor of 89.

560+1 =
561, therefore, 561 is the successor of 560.
7653 + 1 = 7654, therefore, 7654 is the successor of 7653.

Predecessor
The number 16 comes just before 17. Therefore, the number 16 is called the predecessor
17.

24
 The number that comes just before a paticular number is called its predecessor. You
can get the predecessor by subtracting 1 from the number,
Example: Observe the numbers in the middle column. Their predecessors are given in
the first and the successors in the third column.
Predecessor Number Success
1273 1274 1275
51 52 53
734 735 736
4789 4790 a 4791

Exercise IH
1. Write the successor of each of the following numbers.
(a) 35 (b) 658 (c) 1032
(d) 99 (e) 1009 ) 8999
2. Write the predecessor of each of the following numbers.
(a) 100 (b) 890 (c)5136
(d) 1000 (e) 5010 (f) 9001
3. Write the predecessor and successor of each of the following numbers.

Predecessor Number Successor

2830
8089

9999

Forming the Smallest and the Largest Numbers using the Given Digits
When Digits are Not Repeated
The smallest 4-digit number using the digits 5, 4, 1, 8 can be formed by arranging the
digits in ascending order, i.e., 1 <4 <5 <8. Thus, the required number is 1458.
The largest 4-digit number using the digits 9, 7, 1, 3 can be formed by arranging the
digitsin descending order, i.e.,9>7 >3>1. Thus, therequired numberis 9731.
If one of the digits is zero as in 4, 7, 8, 0 then the largest number formed is 8740 and the
smallest number is 4078 and not 0478.
Note
0478 is in fact a 3-digit number.

25
When Digits are Repeated
Example 6: Write the smallest 4-digit number using the digits 1, 4 and 6. (Digits mar
be repeated).
Solution: To write the smallest number, we arrange the digits in ascending
order
ie., I 4 < 6. Since we have to make the smallest 4-digit number using
given digits, we repeat the smallest digit, i.e., 1.
Therefore, the required number is 1146.
Example 7: Write the greatest 4-digit number using the digits 5 and 7. The digits
may be repeated.
Solution: Aranging the digits in descending order, we have 7 > 5. Since, we have to
make the greatest 4-digit number using the two digits 5 and 7, we
repeat the
greater digit.
Therefore, the required greatest number is 7775.

Exercise 1I
1. Arrange the following numbers in ascending order.
(a) 631,195,510,403, 7003
(b) 1908,2115,1396,4539, 8718
(c) 4562,6714, 9872, 8967, 9537
(d) 8306,7038,6380, 3868
(e) 284,5836, 9250, 3096
2. Arrange the following numbers in descending order.
(a) 4352,1298, 2250, 8230
(b) 3853,6767,8583,9872
(c) 4002,2050, 1100,2739
(d) 8005,7007,7976, 7077
(e) 3281,3525, 8890, 240
3. Rearrange the digits of the number 5610 to form the smallest number. Alsofind
the difference in the place values of 5 in both the numbers.
Smallest Number
Required difference
4. Write the greatest 4-digit numbers using the following digits. The digits may be
repeated
(a) 3,1,7 (b) 4,9,0 (c) 2,8

26
 5 Write the smallest 4-digit numbers using the following digits. The digits may be
repeated.
(a) 7,2,8 (b) 0,3,9 (c) 5,7
6. Write the smallest and the greatest 4-digit numbers using the digits 0 and 9. These may
be repeated.

Maths Lab Activity Teacher to Assist)

Learning Objective: Building 3-digit numbers using number cards.
We know that all the numbers are formed with the digits 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0.They may be
1-digit numbers, 2-digit numbers (11,12,.,46 etc) or with many digits. Here,we shall learn
how to build 3-digit numbers.
Materials Required:0-9 digit cards as shown below-one set for each student, pencil, paper
and ruler.

0
12 spmyrmhmhanmnuwm ommewremwmme tteninetenintrsth metvawmntmthtenpenw
9
menerwnintstm

Prerequisite Knowledge:There are 900 numbers each having 3 digits. The smallest 3-digit
number is 100 and the greatest 3-digit number is 999.

Procedure:
Step 1: On the paper each student should draw the places from hundreds to ones as shown
below.
Ones
Hundreds Tens

cards. For example, you select

Step 2: Select three digit cards from the given set of 0-9 digit
the digit cards 4,3 and 9.
and place.
digit cards 4,3 and 9 at hundreds place,tens place
ones
Step 3: Put the
Hundreds Tens Ones

3 4

9 3
We can see that they can form six 3-digit numbers with these cards.
Which is the greatest number? 943

27
Which is the smallest number? 349
What do you notice?
The digits are arranged in. orderfor the greatest 3-digit number.
The digits are arranged in .
order for the smallest 3-digit number.
Step 4: Novw, suppose the number (digit cards) you have selected have digits 4,0,8.
How many 3-digit numbers can be formed using these cards7
408,480,804, 840 (Only four numbers)
Why not six?
The other two numbers are 048 and 084 but these are
equivalent to 48 and 84 which
are 2-digit numbers.
Now, identify the greatest and smallest numbers? 840,408.
Extension: The teacher can give different conditions to the students and ask them to build
3-digit numbers according to that condition as:
build the largest number.
build the smallest number.
build a number less than 500.
build a number greater than 800 etc.
Then, in each case it can be checked whose number is highest, whose is lowest, whose is odd,
whose is even etc.

Mental Maths
1. What number is this?

2. What number is shown on the abacus.

Th T o

3. 9648 =. thousands hundreds tens ones.

4. Which is greater (5000+ 300+8) or 5038?
5. Successor of 800-70is
Predecessor of 500+ 99 is
7. The greatest 4-digit number using the digits 2,8,7,1 is
8. The missing number in 2300, 2400, 2600 is

28
 Revision Exercise
1. A day on planet Mercury is 1416 hours long. Write this number in word form and
expanded form.
Word form
Expanded form
2.
2.
Ihave 4twothousand-rupee notes,7 hundred-rupee notes, 1 fifty-rupee note and
2 two-rupee coins. How much money is it ? Write in standard form and word form.
Standard form

Word form

3. Arrange these numbers in descending order.

4231, 3241, 4123, 3421.
4. Fill in the blanks.
(a) 60 hundreds 6 (b) Successor of 700-60is
Predecessor of 2000+ 199 is
(d) 100less than 9965 is
(c)
numbers using the digits 0 and 5 and
5. Write the smallest and the greatest 4-digit
find the difference between these numbers.
Smallest number. Greatest number. Difference
the correct option.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs).Tick (
6. What is eight thousandsixty in standard form?
(b) 8016 (c) 8060 (d) 8600
(a) 860
value?
7. In which number does the digit 1 have the greatest
(c) 9351 (d) 1539
(a) 6315 (b) 5193

8. Which of the following is true?

(a) 5000+60+8 5608
1003, 1010,1017 is 1024.
(b) The next number in the sequence of numbers
(c) The successor of 320 +8 is 39.
9 in the number 9,037 is 8099.
(d) The predecessor of the place value of
9. The greatest odd number formed by the digits 0,3, 6 and 7 is
(a) 7603 (b) 7063 (c) 7630 (d) 6037

29
 Chailenge!
The
missing number in the number pattern 5621, 5741,5861,, is
(a) 5881 (b) 5981 (d) 6981
(c)5971

Project
ind out from some
encyclopedia or G.K. book the heights of the following mountain peaks
write the numbers
representing their heights in all the three ways. Arrange the heights in
ascending order.

Peak Height (in metres)

Standard Form Word Form Expanded Form
Mount Everest 8,848 Eight thousand eight 8000+800+40+8
(Nepal-Tibet) hundred forty-eight
K2 (Mt.Godwin)
India (POK)

Kanchenjunga
(Nepa-Hndia)
Dhaulagiri
(Nepal)
Nanga Parbat
(India)
Nanda Devi
(india)

Arranged in ascending order the heights are:

**
Enrichment!

Roman Numerals
numerals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 came to be used, ancient Romans, had
Long before the
used
developed their own numeration system using letters of alphabet for numbers. They
the letters:
L for 50
I for 1 Vfor 5 X for 10

The first 10 counting numbers using Roman numerals are written as under:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Our Numeral
oowwovowwwwwwewuvewwwwwwwwwwwwwwe

Roman Numeral I II III IV V V I V I |VIII|IX X

* **
* **

wwwww.www.wvwwww.wwww.www.w

5-1 5 5+1 5+2 5+3 10-1 10

MeaningS 1 11 1+1+1
***

Roman numerals for numbers up to 39 can be

Using the three basic numerals I, V and X,
written with the help of the following rules.

Rules
IIl is 3. However, the same symbol is not usually
1. Repeating a letter repeats its value. Thus,
repeated more than 3 times together.
value is added to the greater numeral.
2. placed after one of the greater
A smaller numeral
15
=V+I=5 +1= 6, XV =X +V= 10+5
=

VI X.
3. Each I that comes before V and X subtracts
1 from the value of V or

N=5-1=4, IX = 10-1=9

Note
I, Vand X are basic Roman numerals.
The letter V is never repeated.
to the value of V or X.
Each I that comes after V and X adds one

31