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CDI 7 - TECHNICAL ENGLISH 1 (LEGAL FORMS)
TECHNICAL WRITING
Is a type of writing where the author is writing about a
particular subject that requires direction, instruction or
explanation.
It is a professional communication and a specialized form of
exposition: that is, written communication done on the job,
especially in fields with specialized vocabularies, such as
science, engineering, technology, and health sciences.
CHARACTERISTICS OF TECHNICAL WRITING
The characteristics of Technical writing are as follows:
1.SIMPLICITY AND CONCISENESS
Writing short and using short words or sentences to make
documents easier to read. It also utilizes active voice, rather
than passive and avoids the use of jargon.
2. ACCURACY
There is no room for ambiguity or errors in a technical
document
3. AUDIENCE FOCUSED
A document written for experts will be very different from one
written for the general public.
4. AN OBJECTIVE, FACT AND TASK BASED
APPROACH
Technical writing is not emotive in style. It uses a very
objective, based approach, because it aims to convey
information.
5. CAREFUL CONSIDERATION OF DESIGN ISSUES
Technical writers often have to do more than simply write.
They also have to consider the design of their document to
make it easier to read. It includes the layout on the page and the
use of headings, subheadings, bullet points and numbered lists
to break up the document.
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
Is the system or process in the community by which crimes are
investigated, and the persons suspected thereof are taken into
custody, prosecuted in court and punished, if found guilty,
provisions being made for their correction and rehabilitated.
LAW ENFORCEMENT
PROSECUTION
COURT
CORRECTIONS
COMMUNITY
WHAT IS TECHNICAL WRITING IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE
Effective communication is vital in criminal justice. Law
enforcement officers do far more writing than many people
think.
Criminal Justice report writing plays a central role in the field.
Police write arrest, crime, incident, and evidence reports, and
they compose social media posts, community outreach posters,
and internal memos.
Due to authoritative nature of police work, law enforcement
communications must use clear, concise, and articulate
language.
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These documents might appear in trials or be used to
obtain warrants, making accuracy and clarity
absolutely essential.
Well-written reports provide a clear picture of an
event and the circumstances surrounding it as well as
providing an excellent reference source when
testifying in court or creating intelligence briefs.
TYPES OF WRITTEN COMMUNICATION IN
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
1. NARRATIVES AND REPORTS
Police narrative construction is a formal story- telling
process necessary to focus investigative strategy and
to form the basis if a prosecution case file.
The narrative tells the story if the crime; what
happened and why it happened.
2. LEGAL PLEADINGS AND CITATIONS
Legal pleadings are formal pieces of writing
submitted to the court, such as motions for summary
judgement and complaints for damages.
The court may also evaluate formal legal citations,
such as tickets written by police officers.
These documents provide the court with information
it
3. JUDICIAL ORDERS
A judicial order is a document written by a judge that
renders a decision about a case. It outlines the legal
rationale for the judge’s decision, and may also
outline the basic facts of the case.
4. STUDIES AND RESEACH
Studies on sentencing, the causes of criminal
behavior, proper police protocol and the
demographics of those involved in the criminal
justice system are all common.
Most studies are highly formal and academic, and are
typically overseen by academics or by criminal
justice experts with years of experience in the field.
LEGAL FORMS
Legal forms are means for binding written
documents that serve as putting into effect legal
proceedings, court orders and notices.
These could be in the forms of Acknowledgement
and Jurat, Affidavits, Sales of Realty, Sales of
Personal Property, Mortgages, Powers of Attorney,
Special Contracts and Agreement, Gratuitous
Contracts and dispositions, Partnership and
Corporation, and Complaints in criminal cases.
Official notices may be considered as legal forms as
Summons, Appearance notice, subpoena, Warrant of
Arrest, and Search Warrant.
IMPORTANCE OF LEGAL FORMS
•To avoid disagreement common to parties of a
•To have a clear guide and evidence of the terms that both
parties agreed upon
•The law requires that a contract be in some form in order that it
may be valid or enforceable, or that a contract be proved in a
certain way, that requirement is absolute and indispensable
•Judicial proceedings make use of forms as documentary
requirements and evidence for these proceedings, containing
therein legally binding information
COVERAGE OF LEGAL FORMS
1. BUSINESS FORMS
-the forms used in conveyancing, or of the forms of deeds,
instruments or documents creating, transferring, modifying or
limiting rights to real as well as personal properties, and other
forms related to business contracts or transactions.
2. JUDICIAL FORMS
-the forms which pertains to different kinds of pleadings,
applications, petitions, affidavits, motions and the like.
WHAT IS CONTRACT?
Contract is a meeting of minds between two persons whereby
one binds himself, with respect to the other, to give something
or to render some service (New Civil Code, Article 1305).
The contracting parties establish such stipulations, clauses,
terms and conditions as they may deem convenient, provided
they are not contrary to law, morals, good customs, public
order, or public policy (New Civil Code, Article 1306)
3 ELEMENTS OF A VALID CONTRACT
According to the New Civil Code, there is no contract unless
the following requisites concur (New Civil Code, Article 1318).
1. CONSENT OF THE CONTRACTING PARTIES
Consent is manifested by the meeting of the offer and the
acceptance upon the thing and the cause which are to constitute
the contract.
The following cannot give consent to a contract (New Civil
Code, Article 1327)
-Unemancipated minors
- Insane or demented persons, and deaf-mutes who do not know
how to write.
2. OBJECT CERTAIN WHICH IS THE SUBJECT
MATTER OF THE CONTRACT
Object of a contract are the following (New Civil Code,
Article 1347)
-All things which are not outside the commerce of men (legal
objects), including future things
-All rights which are not intransmissible;
-All services which are not contrary to law
morals, good custom, public order or public policy.
3. CAUSE OF THE OBLIGATION WHICH IS
ESTABLISHED
Cause of consideration is the essential reason which moves the
parties to enter the contract. This is the “why of the contract”
which dictates the nature of the contract.
WHAT IS NOTARIZATION?
Notarization or Notarial acts refer to any act that a notary public
is empowered to perform (Rules on Notarial
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Practice of 2004)
Notary is a public official whose duty is to attest the
genuineness of any deed or writing in order to render
them available as evidence of the facts that contains.
POWER OF NOTARY PUBLIC
According to the Rule IV, section 1 of the Rules on
Notarial Practice of 2004, the power of notary public
are the following:
1.A notary public is empowered to perform the
following notarial acts:
•Acknowledgement
•Oath and affirmations
•Jurats
•Signature witnessing
•Copy certifications
•Any other act authorized by the Rules on
Notarial Practice of 2004
2.A notary public is authorized to certify the affixing
of a signature by thumb or other mark on an
instrument or document presented for notarization if:
•The thumb mark or other mark is affixed in the
presence of the notary public and of 2 disinterested
and unaffected witnesses to the instrument or
document
•Both witnesses sign their own names on addition to
the thumb or other mark
•The notary public writes below the thumb or other
mark: “Thumb or other mark affixed by (name of
signatory by mark) in the presence of (names and
addresses of witnesses) and undersigned notary
public
•The notary public notarizes the signature by thumb
or other mark through an acknowledgement, jurat, or
signature witnessing.
3.A notary public is authorized to sign-on behalf of a
person who is physically unable to sign or make a
mark on an instrument or document if:
•The notary public is directed by the person unable to
sign or make a mark to sign on his behalf
•The signature of the notary public is affixed on the
presence of two disinterested and unaffected
witnesses to the instrument or document
•Both witnesses sign their own names
•The notary public writes below his signature:
“Signature affixed by notary in presence of (names
and addresses of person and two witnesses)
•The notary public notarizes his signature by
acknowledgement or jurat
PROBATIVE VALUE OF PUBLIC
DOCUMENTS
The effect of the notarization of a private document
is to convert the said document into a public one and
render it admissible in evidence in court without
further proof of its authenticity and due executions.
REFORMATION OF INSTRUMENTS
When there having been a meeting of the minds
of the parties to a contract, their true intention is not expressed
in the instrument, purporting to embody the agreement, by
reason of mistake, fraud, inequitable conduct or accident, one of
the parties may ask for the reformation of the instrument to the
end that such true intention may be expressed.
REQUISITES OF REFORMATION
•There is a meeting of the minds of the parties to contract;
•The written instrument does not express the true
agreement or intention of the parties;
•The failure to express the true intention is due to a
mistake, fraud, inequitable conduct, or accident
•The facts upon which relief by way of reformation of the
instrument is sought are put in issue by the pleadings;
•There is clear and convincing evidence of the mistake,
fraud, inequitable conduct, or accident.
BUSINESS FORMS
Business forms are written forms used in conveyancing or of
the forms of deeds, instruments or documents creating,
transferring, modifying or limiting rights to real as well as
personal properties, and other forms related to business
contracts or transactions.
CONVEYANCE
Is the transfer and assignment of any property right or interest
from one individual or entity (the conveyor) to another (the
conveyee)
This is usually accomplished through a written instrument –
most often a deed- that transfers title to, or creates a lien on
property.
A conveyance refers to a contract, meaning that the
Supposing either party doesn’t do so, the other party is capable
of suing the defaulting party in court to either claim damages or
enforce the contract.
DEED
Is a written instrument under seal containing a contract or
agreement which has been delivered by the parties to be bound
and accepted by the oblige or covenantee.
It is a legal document that grants its holder ownership of a piece
of real estate or other assets, such as an automobile.
CARDINAL RULES IN DRAFTING CONTRACTS/DEED
AS LEGAL DOCUMENTS
RULE 1: The usual commencement of a contract should be:
“This Agreement” or “An Agreement” or “Articles of
Agreement”
RULE 2: The FULLNAMES of the parties, their capacity, civil
status, and their residences, should come next. The logical order
in which the parties are to be named in the document must be
observed.
RULE 3: The principal or operational clauses of the document
should be stated in separate, numbered paragraphs
RULE 4: Verbosity (wordiness) should be avoided
RULE 5: Specific or technical terms, which have special
meanings in the document, should be especially defined
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RULE 6: Names of parties should be repeated. The
use of PRONOUNS would give rise to AMBIGUITY
RULE 7: The document must be NEAT, FREE
FROM ERASURES, INTERLINEATIONS, OR
SUSPICIOUNS OF ALTERATIONS
RULE 8: A clause may be
inserted at the end of an
agreement that”
“This contract shall extend and be binding upon the
parties thereto, their executors, administrators and
assigns
RULE 9: The place and date of execution of the
document usually come LAST, and may be stated
thus:
“Signed in the City of Manila, Philippines, this day
of
WHAT IS A WILL?
A will is a legal document which is prepared with
certain formalities, and under which a person directs
what will happen to his/her property after his/her
death.
This will is effective only upon the person’s death
and it can be modified or revoked by the person at
any time during his/her life.
DISTINCTION BETWEEN A DEED AND A
WILL
While wills and deeds are completely different
documents, both of them have the effect of
transferring ownership of property, and both can be
used in disposing of such property in the context of
estate planning. A will disposes of one’s estate upon
death and a deed passes an interest in land or other
real property.
JURAT
Is that part of an affidavit in which the officer
certifies that the instrument was sworn to before him.
It is used in affidavits, certifications, verifications, or
whenever the person executing a document or
instrument makes a statement of facts or attests to the
truth of an occurrence of an event under oath.
A jurat should only be used in affidavits, sworn
statements, certifications, verifications and the like,
but never in Contracts.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Is the act of one who has executed a deed, in going
before some competent officer or court and declaring
it to be his act or deed.
An acknowledgement is to authenticate an agreement
between two or more persons, or where the
document contains a disposition of property.
INSTRUMENTS REQUIRED TO BE
ACKNOWLEDGED
The act of acknowledging instruments is
statutory and only those instruments that are
acknowledged shall be
acknowledged.
An instrument can not be acknowledged by a person other
than who executed
it.
The instruments that must be acknowledged are: DEED
CONVEYANCES
MORTGAGES
LEASES RELEASES
DISCHARGE AFFECTING LANDS
SWORN STATEMENTS
A sworn statement is a document that contains facts that are
relevant to a legal proceeding. Sworn statements are similar to
affidavits, however, unlike affidavits, they are not required to
be signed, witnessed, or sealed by a notary public. Instead, the
person making the statement signs a paragraph at the end of the
document acknowledging that the facts within the statement are
true to his knowledge, and being made under penalty of perjury.
In taking sworn statement, the police should comply Sec.12,
Art.3 of the 1987 Constitution by reminding the accused of his
constitutional rights.
ARTICLE III
Bill of Rights
SECTION 12. (1) Any person under investigation for the
commission of an offense shall have the right to be informed of
his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent
counsel preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot afford
the services of counsel, he must be provided with one. These
rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence of
counsel.
(2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or any other
means which vitiate the free will shall be used against him.
Secret detention places, solitary, incommunicado, or other
similar forms of detention are prohibited.
(3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of this or
Section 17 hereof shall be inadmissible in evidence against him.
(4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for
violations of this section as well as compensation to and
rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices, and their
families
AFFIDAVIT
Affidavit is a voluntary sworn declaration of written facts.
It is sworn before a notary or other officers entitled to
administer an oath or take acknowledgement.
The document needs to be authorized either by oath
commissioner or any Notary public so that the authenticity of
affiant’s signature can be proved.
Both the author and witness need to sign it, if the affidavit is
needed for conducting court proceedings therefore it needs to
be created in proper manner by any legal profession.
The person making the sworn statement is referred to as the
AFFIANT.
In signing an affidavit, the affiant is asserting that the
the facts contained in the affidavit.
They are also stating that they are competent to testify provided
if called into court.
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EXECUTING AN AFFIDAVIT
In executing an affidavit, the affiant’s primary
qualification is that he has knowledge of facts which
he states, and the truth of which he affirms.
It will be used to prove the truthfulness of a certain
statement in court.
It is either the personal knowledge of the affiant or
his/her information and belief or although not based
on their personal perspective, the affiant states only
what he/she feels they can state as true.
An affidavit is only valid when made voluntarily and
without coercion.
LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY OF MAKING OR
EXECUTING AFFIDAVITS
An affidavit is a legal document that is vey similar to
a witness’s sworn testimony in a court of law.
Prior to giving testimony, a witness in a trial must
swear that what they are about so say is true and
correct under the penalty of perjury. An affidavit
carries the same penalty of perjury, only it is used to
attest to things outside of the courtroom.
The crime of perjury is committed by any person
who shall knowingly make untruthful statements or
make an affidavit, upon any material matter and
required by law.
ARTICLE 183. FALSE TESTIMONY IN OTHER
CASES AND PERJURY IN SOLEMN
AFFIRMATION
ELEMENTS:
1. That an accused made a statement under oath or
made an affidavit
upon a material matter;
2. That the statement or affidavit was made before a
competent officer, authorized to receive and
administer oath;
3. That in that statement or affidavit, the accused
made a willful and deliberate assertion of a
falsehood; and
4. That the sworn statement or affidavit containing
the falsity is required by law.
Two (2) Ways Of Committing
Perjury:
a.by falsely testifying under oath b.by
making a false statement
PARTS OF AN AFFIDAVIT
The parts of an affidavit are:
1. VENUE: the place where the affidavit was taken.
This will show whatever the official administering
the oath of affirmation has acted within this
jurisdiction
2. BODY: The facts stated in the body of an affidavit
must be stated positively, and not merely a matter if
belief, by one who has actual knowledge of the fact
and its allegations should be full, certain and exact.
3. SIGNATURE OF THE AFFIANT AND THE
JURAT: The proper
place the signature is below the body of the affidavit. JURAT is
that part of an affidavit in which the officer certifies that the
instrument was sworn to before him.
SCILICET/SUBSCIPSI (SS)
Is used to particularize a general statement. “SS” literally means
“more particularly”
Example:
Republic of the Philippines, SS, City of Pasig means:
In the Republic of the Philippines, more particularly in the City
of Pasig.
COMMON EXAMPLE OF AFFIDAVIT
AFFIDAVIT OF LOSS
Is a document declaring the loss of a security usually through
theft or destruction. The affiant contains all the details
regarding the loss, such as the owner’s name and any
information pertaining to the security.
AFFIDAVIT OF BIRTH
Is a legal document that can be used to verify the facts
surrounding an individual’s birth, including birth date, location
and the name of each parent.
It is a document that acts as a written solemn oath that a birth
occurred. It may be completed by a medical professional who
witnesses a birth in the event that a birth certificate is lost.
Once notarized, this form may help someone prove or even
apply for a new birth certificate.
A parent may also complete an Affidavit of Birth for their child.
AFFIDAVIT OF DEATH
Is a sworn legal document used to
Affidavit of Death forms can only be written and signed by
someone who has first-hand knowledge of the person’s death
and is typically accompanied by a certified copy of a death
certificate.
An Affidavit of Death is often created with a specific purpose,
such as informing insurance companies, banks,
AFFIDAVIT OF GOOD FAITH
Is an affidavit filed to
It is also part of the chattel mortgage contract wherein it is
stated that the chattel mortgage has been constituted to secure a
principal obligation and is not mean for fraud or any ill purpose.
JUDICIAL AFFIDAVIT
Is written, out-of-court statement taken before a notary public or
any person authorized to administer an oath (affidavit), is in a
question and answer form (Sec.8, Rule 2, AM No. 01-2-04 SC)
and serves as witness’ direct testimonies, subject to cross-
examination in accordance with existing rules on evidence.
CONTENTS OF JUDICIAL AFFIDAVIT
According to the Judicial Affidavit Rule (AM No. 12-8-8- SC)
Section 3. Contents of judicial Affidavit.A judicial affidavit
shall be prepared in the language known to the witness and, if
not in English or Filipino, accompanied by a translation in
English or Filipino, and shall contain the
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following:
• The name, age, residence or business address, and
occupation of the witness;
•The name and address of the lawyer who conducts
or supervises the examination of the witness and the
place where the examination is being held;
•A statement that the witness is answering the
questions asked of him, fully conscious that he does
so under oath, and that he may face criminal liability
for false testimony or perjury;
•Questions asked of the witness and his
corresponding answers, consecutively numbered,
that:
(1) Show the circumstances under which the witness
acquired the facts upon which he testifies;
(2) Elicit from him those facts which are relevant to
the issues that the case presents; and (3)Identify the
attached documentary and object evidence and
establish their authenticity in accordance with the
Rules of Court;
•The signature of the witness over his printed name;
and
•A jurat with the signature of the notary public who
administers the oath or an officer who is authorized
by law to administer the same.
Section 4. Sworn attestation of the lawyer. (a)The
judicial affidavit shall contain a sworn attestation
at the end, executed by the lawyer who conducted
or supervised the examination of the witness, to the
effect that:
(1) He faithfully recorded or caused to be recorded
the questions he asked and the corresponding
answers that the witness gave; and
2) Neither he nor any other person then present or
assisting him coached the witness regarding the
latter's answers.
(b)A false attestation shall subject the lawyer
mentioned to disciplinary action, including
disbarment.
AFFIDAVIT OF DESISTANCE
An affidavit of desistance is a written statement
under oath by the complainant stating that he/she is
no longer interested in pursuing the complain or
criminal case against another person.
It is filed before the office or court where the
complaint is pending or being investigated.
However, merely filing the Affidavit of Desistance
does not automatically dismiss the complaint or
criminal case. The decision to dismiss the complaint
or criminal case ultimately lies with the investigating
officer or the judge.
A complainant may wish to desist from the
complaint or criminal case for a variety of reasons,
such as:
•He/she have already amicably
settled with the other persons
•He/she is no longer willing to spend either time or
effort in prosecuting the other person;
•He/she realized that he/she filed a complaint or
criminal case against the wrong person
REPLY/ANSWER AFFIDAVIT
Reply Affidavit or Affidavit in reply can be defined as an
affidavit served in court proceedings in which a deponent
responds to another party’s evidence where that party’s
evidence was itself in response to evidence served by the party
serving the reply affidavit.
The purpose of an affidavit in reply is simply to rebut or answer
matters raised for the first time on the affidavits to which the
replies are made.
situation or incident. In court cases, witnesses can
help parties prove elements of their cases through
live testimony, deposition testimony or affidavits.
The witness writes out the facts about which she
has knowledge that are relevant to the case, signing
the document and swearing under penalty of perjury
that it is true.
In most cases, the witness must sign the affidavit
before a notary or officer of the court.

COUNTER AFFIDAVIT APPLICATION FOR SEARCH WARRANT

Is an affidavit filed by the respondent in reply to a petition. It is A search warrant is an order in writing issued in the
an affidavit responding to and contradicting the affidavit name of the People of the Philippines, signed by the
produced by an adversary. judge and directed to a peace officer, commanding
It is an affidavit made in opposition to one already made. him to search for personal property described therein
and bring it before the court.
AFFIDAVIT OF UNDERTAKING
All application for search warrant shall be approved
This affidavit is voluntarily executed in order to attest to the for filing by the Chief of Office. The application
truthfulness of the foregoing narration of facts and undertaking shall indicate the following data (Revised PNP
under administrative, criminal, and civil liabilities and for Operational Procedure, 2021):
whatever legal purpose it may serve. •Office applying for the Search warrant
•Name of officer-applicant
AFFIDAVIT OF DISINTERESTED PERSONS •Name of the subject, if known
The affidavit contains the sworn statements of two disinterested •Exact address/places to be searched
persons clarifying discrepancies in a person’s name. The two •Specific statement of things/articles to be
persons who will sign the affidavit should: seized;
•Be disinterested persons or have no interest •Sketch and/or Picture, if available, of the place to be
in the subject-matter of the searched
affidavit
•Not be related to the person subject of the affidavit (e.g. not a WARRANT OF ARREST
parent, child)d
•Have personal knowledge of the facts It is issued by the court to use in arresting suspect/s.
subjectof the affidavit. Arrest is the taking of person into custody in order
that he may bound to answer for the commission of
OTHER AFFIDAVITES AND FORMS USED BY LAW an offense. It is made by an actual restraint of a
ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES person to be arrested. Or by his submission to the
custody of the person making an arrest.
AFFIDAVITS OF ARRESTING OFFICER The person of office that cannot that cannot execute
ARREST is the taking of person into custody in order that he warrant :
may be bound to answer for the commission of an offense. ✓ Clerk of court
✓ Public Prosecutor
An AFFIDAVIT OF ARREST is generally filled out by the ✓ Mayor
arresting officer and states the facts and circumstances
surrounding an arrest. INQUEST
The affidavit may state such facts as the information which led It is an informal and summary investigation
to the arrest and the observations made before and after the conducted by the Prosecutor in criminal case issued
arrest occurred. by the court for the purpose of determining whether
It is a statement given under oath and penalty of perjury. It may or not he should remain under custody and be charge
also be referred to as an arrest report. in court
COMPLAINT AFFIDAVIT DURING INQUEST PROCEEDINGS THIS
Is a sworn statement prepared by someone who wishes to file a REPORT/DOCUMENT SHALL BE INCLUDED:
legal complaint. It becomes the basis for the case, providing ✓ AFFIDAVIT OF ARREST
basic information about the facts of the matter and outlining the ✓ INVESTIGATION REPORT
nature of the case. ✓ STATEMENT OF THE COMPLAINANT AND
Is a statement alleging that a person has committed an offense WITNESS
in writing subscribed and sworn to before any prosecutor or ✓ OTHER SUPPORTIVE EVIDENCE
government official authorized to administer oath, or, in their GATHERED
absence or unavailability, before a notary public
OFFICIAL NOTICES 1.SUMMONS/APPEARANCE
AFFIDAVIT OF WITNESS NOTICE
A witness is a person with personal knowledge of a

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✓ An official notice telling a person that she/he has to appear in
court at a specific time and place to answer the criminal charge.
✓ If a person fails to go, a warrant of arrest may be issued
2. SUBPOENA
✓ An order in the court that requires someone to testify as a
witness. ✓ It is a conditional threat of punishment if they will
not appear.
TYPES OF SUBPOENA :
1. Subpoena ad testificandum - Orders a person to testify in the
court.
2. Subpoena ducestecum - Orders a person to bring physical
evidence before the court.
DEPOSITION OF WITNESS
Is a witness’s sworn out-of-court testimony. It is used to gather
information as part of the discovery process and, in limited
circumstances, may be used at trial. The witness being deposed
is called the deponent.
DOCUMENTS AFTER THE EXECUTION OF SEARCH
WARRANT ISSUED
RECEIPT FOR PROPERTY SEIZED
The police officer who confiscates property under the warrant
shall issue a detailed receipt of property seized to the lawful
occupant of the premises.
In the absence of the occupant, the detailed receipt shall be left
in the place in which he/she found the seized property on
the presence of at least 2 witnesses of sufficient age and
discretion residing in the same locality. The receipt shall
likewise include items seized under the Plain View Doctrine
(Revised PNP Operational Procedure, 2021)
CERTIFICATION OF ODERLY SEARCH
It is a document certifying that the search was conducted in
accordance with the law.
Provided, that such written order shall only be issued
or granted upon written application and the
examination under oath or affirmation of the
applicant and the witnesses he may produce and a
showing:
•Offenses of rebellion, conspiracy and proposal to
commit rebellion, inciting to rebellion, sedition,
conspiracy to commit sedition, and inciting to
sedition, such authority shall be granted only upon
prior proof that a rebellion or acts of sedition, as the
case may be, have actually been or are being
committed;
•That there are reasonable grounds to believe that
evidence will be obtained essential to the conviction
of any person for, or to the solution of, or to the
prevention of, any of such crimes;
•That there are no other means readily available for
obtaining such evidence.
The order granted or issued shall specify:
•The identity of the person or persons whose
communications, conversations, discussions, or
spoken words are to be overheard, intercepted, or
recorded and, in the case of telegraphic or telephonic
communications, the telegraph line or the telephone
number involved and its location;
•The identity of the peace officer authorized to
overhear, intercept, or record the communications,
conversations, discussions, or spoken words;
•The offense or offenses committed or sought to be
prevented
•The period of the authorization. The authorization
shall be effective for the period specified in the order
which shall not exceed sixty
(60) days from the date of issuance of the order,
unless extended or renewed by the court upon being
satisfied that such extension

AFFIDAVIT OF DENIAL FOR NBI CLEARANCE

Affidavit of denial may be submitted to clear one’s name when
there are other records bearing the same name with pending
case or derogatory information.

APPLICATION/PETITION TO WIRE TAP

Wiretapping is the surreptitious electronic monitoring of
telephone, telegraph, cellular, fax or internet-based
communications.
It is achieved either through the placement of a monitoring
device informally known as a bug on the wire in question or
through built-in mechanism in other communication
technologies.

According to the RA 4200 or the anti wiretapping act

It shall be unlawful for any person, not being authorized by all
the parties to any private communication or spoken word, to tap
any wire or cable, or by using any other device or arrangement,
to secretly overhear, intercept, or record such communication or
spoken word by using a device commonly known as a
dictaphone or dictagraph or dictaphone or walkie-talkie or tape
recorder, or however otherwise described (Section 1)

Section 3 or RA 4200, states that it is NOT UNLAWFUL or

punishable for any peace officer, who is AUTHORIZED by a
written order of the court to perform wiretapping.

Downloaded by Harold Garao (haroldgarao12@gmail.com)