Full Paper

Proc. of Int. Conf. on Advances in Design and Construction of Structures 2012

The values of p and q can be determined by putting strength

test results in Eq. 3 for any two days and solving it; but for
this, test results for at least two different days are required.
An attempt has been made to determine these values from
only one day test result [2]. It is observed that, all values of
p, q and strength of a particular day for each set
maintain a correlation of polynomial surface. In other words,
values of p can be expressed as the function of q and
[which fits well with a second degree polynomial surface
equation]. The equation of correlation is given below:
(5)
(10)
Plots of Eq. 9 and Eq. 10 is shown in Fig. 1. Thus, the
ccorresponding p values can be obtained by putting known
7 days or 14 days concrete strength values in the Eq. 9 or Eq.
10. Then, q is computed from Eq. 3 using 7 or 14 days strength
value and the p-value just obtained in the last step. Finally,
the q and p-value determined can be used to find the 28 days
strength of concrete using Eq. 3

Where = Strength of the concrete at Dth day. (D = 1,

2, 3 …) and a, b, c, d and e are the coefficients. This general
relation of p, q and is valid for any days test result of
concrete strength. For different D days strength, just the
coefficients [a, b, c, d, e] of Eq. 5 will be different. As the
correlation is built up for 7th day test result of concrete [D=7],
the values of the coefficients becomes, a = -6.26; b = 0.7898;
c = 1.478; d = 0.0994; e = -0.0074.
Putting these values in Eq. 5 the following equation is
obtained:
(6) Figure 1. Variation of p with the strength of Concrete.

Similar equation is developed for 14th day strength results

V. PERFORMANCE
[D=14] and can be expressed as follows:
The performance of the proposed equations was
(7) evaluated by three statistical parameters, mean absolute error
(MAE), root mean square error (RMSE) and normal efficiency
Now, if the 7 days strength value is put in Eq. 6, it becomes (EF); their expressions are given below.
a linear equation in p and q. Thus, solving two linear equations
(Eq. 3 and Eq. 6), values of p and q are obtained for each case. (11)
Finally, after finding the values of p and q the complete
equation for the particular case can be formed which can
effectively predict the compressive strength of 28th days.
Eq. 5 contains five constants which need to be (12)
determined, before solving the prediction problem. These
constants can be evaluated by regression with sufficient data
of test results of a particular day. From the study, it is observed
that the p value which is obtained by solving Eq. 3 and Eq. 6 (13)
for 7 days strengths maintains a systematic correlation. This
correlation can be expressed in a general form as given by
the following equation (Eq. 8). It simplifies the problem of Here, Ai = Actual value; Pi = Predicted value; n = number of
prediction significantly data (1, 2, 3 …).
(8) A. Test for Stone AggregateConcrete
Where th
= Strength of the concrete at D day and m The model is basically developed using Group-1 test data
and r are the coefficients. made available by the study of Garg [3] where crushed stone
Using the available 56 test data [3], these coefficients are are used as coarse aggregates. The test results of Hasan [4]
determined from best fit equation. With slight rounding off it (Group-2 data) for stone aggregate concrete is used to validate
is found that, m = 3.0; r = 0.80, goes quite well with the 7 days the prediction capability of the proposed model. Some twenty
strength results. Thus the Eq. 8 becomes: three data (each average of 3 sets) are employed and from
there arbitrary seven results are tabulated here in Table II.
(9)
Using 14 days concrete strength the general correlation
equation (Eq. 8) may be expressed as,

© 2012 ACEE 20
DOI: 02.ADCS.2012.1.505