GULZAR GROUP OF INSTITUTES
DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED SCIENCES
SHAKTI YADAV (2339028,
SAURAV KUMAR (2339022)
SHAGUN AGGARAWAL(2339026)
RIYA KUMARI(2339013)
GROUP-8
ASSINGMENT:-1
SEMESTER:- 2ND
SUB- CHEMISTRY
COURSE:- BTECH(CSE)
SUBMITTED TO:- Dr ASHUTOSH PATHAK SIR
SUBMITTED BY:- SHAKTI YADAV & TEAM
QUESTION:-
THE CONCEPT THAT ELECTRONS MOVE ALONG DEFINITE CIRCULAR PATH LOST ITS SIGNIFICANCE
IN THE LENGTH OF HEISENBERG PRINCIPLE. JUSTIFY THIS STATEMENT.
The Clash of Bohr and
Heisenberg
The Bohr model of the atom, with its definite electron paths,
clashed with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, which showed
this precise knowledge is impossible.
The Bohr Model
1 Definite Paths
Bohr's model depicted electrons
orbiting the nucleus in specific,
well-defined circular paths.
2 Energy Levels
Each path corresponded to a
particular energy level for the
electron.

3 Deterministic View
The Bohr model took a deterministic view of electron behavior.
Heisenberg's Uncertainty

Position vs. Momentum Disturbance from Measurement

Heisenberg showed you can't Trying to precisely measure one

know both an electron's position property disturbs the other.
and momentum with perfect
accuracy.

Probabilistic Behavior
This led to a shift from definite paths to probabilities in quantum mechanics.
The Clash of Models
Bohr Model Heisenberg's Principle Incompatible Views

Relied on knowing both the Showed this precise The deterministic Bohr
position and momentum of knowledge is impossible model clashed with the
electrons. due to uncertainty. probabilistic quantum
mechanics.
Measuring Electrons
Pinpoint Position 1
Trying to precisely locate the
electron disturbs its momentum.
2 Measure Momentum
Tracking the electron's movement
limits knowledge of its position.
Probabilistic View 3
Electrons exist in orbitals, not fixed
paths, with probabilities of location.
The Shift in Thinking
Deterministic
The Bohr model took a deterministic view of electron behavior.

Probabilistic
Heisenberg's principle led to a probabilistic, quantum mechanical
view.

Orbitals
Electrons exist in regions of probability, not fixed paths.
Implications of Uncertainty

Microscopy Computing Fundamental Physics

Heisenberg's principle limits Quantum computers Uncertainty is a core
the resolution of leverage uncertainty for new principle of quantum
microscopes. capabilities. mechanics.
A Paradigm Shift
Bohr Model Quantum Mechanics

Deterministic Probabilistic

Definite Electron Paths Electron Orbitals

Precise Position and Momentum Uncertainty in Position and Momentum

PRSESENTED BY …….
1)SHAKTI YADAV 2)SAURAV KUMAR
3)SHAGUN AGGRAWAL 4)RIYA KUMARI