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BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Senior High School

GRADE 11 GENERAL MATHEMATICS
First Semester
1ST QUARTER PRELIM

Week 4 Day 1

Lesson Title: Domain and Range of Rational Functions

Time Duration: 1 hour

Consultation Time: 30 mins.

Resources: Dimasuay, L., Alcala, J., & Palacio, J. (2016). General Mathematics
for Senior High School pp.29-31 Quezon City: C & E publishing, Inc.

Zorilla, R. S. et al. (2016). General Mathematics for Senior High

School pp. 18-21. Valenzuela City: JO-ES Publishing House, Inc. https://courses.lumenlearning.com

Learning Intent: The students can

a. identify the domain and range of a rational function; and

b. find the horizontal and vertical asymptote of a rational function.
Instructional Strategies
A. Context

A rational function is a quotient of two polynomials. Many applications also give rise to rational function. This includes in
the field of business that in a manufacturing a certain product, it is dependent on the items produced and if we want to
know the average cost, we apply the concept of rational function.

B. Concept Notes
The domain of a rational function consists of the set of
Domain of Rational Function real numbers with the exception of those numbers that
make the denominator undefined or equal to 0.

Example 1: Find the domain of Example 2: Find the domain of

𝑥− 2 3𝑥− 1
f(x) = f(x) =
𝑥+5 𝑥 2 −9
Solution: Solution:
Since x + 5 = 0 only for x = -5, the Since 𝑥 2 − 9 = 0 only for x ± 3; the domain of f is
domain of f is the set of real numbers the set of real numbers except + 3 and -3. The domain
except -5. The domain can also be can also be written { 𝑥 / 𝑥 ≠ 3𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 ≠ −3 }
written { 𝑥 / 𝑥 ≠ −5 }

Asymptote – is a line that a graph approaches but never

Horizontal and Vertical Asymptotes touches it.

Example 1: Find the horizontal and vertical

When the graph of f gets closer and closer to the vertical asymptote of
line x = 0 from below 0, where the values of y are negative 5
f(x) =
and y becomes larger and larger and so 𝑥 2 −9
x = 0 is called a vertical asymptote Sol.
The 𝑥 2 − 9 has a value of 0 when x ± 3. Hence,
And when y gets closer and closer to 0, the x values gets
the graphs of the lines x = 3 and x = -3 are vertical
larger and larger. Here, the graph approaches the x axis
asymptotes of the function f. When {x} is very large,
as x becomes infinity; then the x – axis is called the
the value of the function f is approximately 0.
horizontal asymptote of the graph of the function f.
Therefore, the x-axis is a horizontal asymptote.
 3𝑥+1
Example 2: Find the horizontal and vertical asymptote of f(x) =
𝑥+2

Solution: The denominator x + 2 has a value of 0 when x = -2. Therefore, the line x = -2 is the vertical asymptote.
The value of f(x) is not approximately equal to 0 when the solution set {x} is very large.
If we divide 3x + 1 by x +2, we obtain: 3
x + 2√3𝑥 + 1
- 3x + 6
-5
3𝑥+1 −5 −5
Hence, f(x) = =3+ When x is very large, is approximately 0. Then, line y = 3 is a
𝑥+2 𝑥+2 𝑥+2
horizontal asymptote since the y-coordinate is approximately 3.

Guided Practice

1. www.khanacademy.org/math/algebra2/x2ec2f6f830c9fb89:rational/x2ec2f6f830c9fb89:cancel-common-factor/a/intro-to-rational-expressions
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V137qmDN9Qw&t=33s
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJrrZQgSkO8

C. Independent Practice

Test I. Find the domain of each of the rational functions.

𝑥+4 3𝑥−2 −3
1.) f(x) = 2.) g(x) = 2 3.) f(x) =
𝑥−2 𝑥 −4 𝑥−5

Test I. Find the horizontal and vertical asymptotes of each of the following rational functions.

3 𝑥 4
1.) f(x) = 2 2.) g(x) = 2 3.) f(x) =
𝑥 −4 𝑥 −16 𝑥+3

Test III. Answer the following.

A. Find the domain of the given rational functions. B. Find the horizontal and vertical asymptotes of the given
rational
functions.
4 3𝑥
1.) f(x) = 1.) f(x) =
𝑥−2 𝑥+5

−5 2𝑥 2
2.) f(x) = 2.) f(x) =
𝑥+2 𝑥−3

𝑥 2 −4
3.) f(x) =
𝑥

Formulated by: Daryl D. Ligutan, LPT

PWC of Davao
2021-2022
 ATTACHMENT

ATTACHMENTS
Name:___________________________________________ Date:_____________________
Grade and Section:_________________________________ Score:____________________

Test I. Find the domain of each of the following rational functions.

𝑥+4 3𝑥−2
1.) f(x) = 2.) g(x) =
𝑥−2 𝑥 2 −4

5 𝑥 2 −25
3.) f(x) = 4.) f(x) =
𝑥−4 𝑥−5

Test I. Fill in the blanks. Show your solutions.

6𝑥−1
Given: f(x) =
2𝑥−3

1-2. The vertical and horizontal asymptotes of f(x) are ______________ and ______________, respectively.

3-4. The x and y intercepts are _________________ and _________________, respectively.

5. The domain of f(x) is _______________________.

Adopted from Santos, D. C., & BIason, M. P. (2016). General Math. Makati City: Don Bosco Press, Inc.