Differentiation of Inverse Trigonometric
Functions
Some important results on trigonometric and inverse trigonometric
functions are given below for reference (as, it sometimes becomes very easy to
differentiate a function by using trigonometric transformations).
(i) sin 2v = 2 sin xcos x
(ii) 1+cos 2x = 2 cos? x, 1- cos 2x =2sin? x
2tan x
iii) sin 2x = ——
= 1+ tan? x
a 1- tan? x
y) cos 2x = ———__
w 1+tan? x
2 tan x t
(v) tan 2x = _——7— » where x #(2n + 1) “
1-tan* x 4
(vi) sin 3x =3 sin x — 4 sin? x=4 sin (60° — A) -sin A - sin (60° +A)
(ii) cos 3x = 4 cos? x ~ 3 cos x = 4 cos (60° — A)- cos A -cos (60° +A)
3
(ili) tan gx = 3 tan # = tan” x
3 _— = tan (60° — A)- tan A - tan (60° + A)
1-8 tan? x
'
(ix) cos A cos 2A -cos 2? A...cos Q"-! 4 = Sin2" A
2" sin A a
58 Differential Calculus
(x) §.No. Function
1 | osin'x
2 | cas!
a | tan!
4. | case tx
5. | sete
~ Principal value branch
meeene eee
x
5 wl in
1 | sintx syst, Wwherey=si
4
where y=cos™! x
where y= tan! x
where
y= coset
yeo
a x
where y=sec' x,y # =
2
where y=cot
Point to Consider
If no branch of an inverse trigonometric function is mentioned, then it means
‘hat the principal value branch of the function have to be taken,
Properties of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
f=
Property I
) sin (sin @) = 0, forall e[-2 3] j
Gi) cos" (cos 6) = 0, for all @ (0, n]
Gi) tan (tan 6) =0, forattoe[- ape
22]
(iv) cose (cose @) =
for all6c}—-™, =] ge
" [-35]° °
for all 0 €10, 1], 0 n/2
for all €(0, x)
(y) sec" (see 8) = 0,
(wi) cot! (cot) Property IT
(i) sin (st
Gi) cos (cos! a) =
Vayes,
(iii) tan (tan |
v) cosee (cose! x)
(w) sectsee =a,
(vid cot (cot? x) =
Property IIT
(i) sin? x) = -sin (@),
(i) 00s
(iii) tan? (x) =~ tan™ x,
n~eos™ (2),
(iv) cosec™ (-x) = ~cosec™ x,
(v) see“! (-x) = = sec x,
(vi) cot * (-x) = n— cot x,
Property IV
(@) sin™ (2) =cosec! x,
i) e057 (2) = sec"! x,
x
7
Property V
- ©
(i) sin” x + cos ,
2
7 ©
Gi) tan x4 cot x= >
a, t
(iii) see x + coseet x = 3
Property VI
@ tan! x + tan
Chapter 2: Differentiation 59
for allx ef, 1)
for all x ef,
for alle R
for all x €(~%, 1}, 9)
for all x €(~ 0, — 1} [1, -»)
for allx eR
for all x e[-1, 1]
for all x e[-1, 1]
for allx eR
for all x €(~ «, -1JU[1, )
for all x €(- », - 1] ULL, =)
for allx eR
for all x €(~ 2, -NU[1, =»)
for all x €(~ =, - 1] ULL, »)
forx>0
forx <0
for all x €{-1, 1]
for allx eR
for all x e(- ©, NUL»)
if'xy<1
if. x>0, y>[Link]>1
} if'x<0,y
-1
[" Lexy
Erd | ifz>0y<0
ee tat sown [Fp ‘ ” EES
(ii) tan (a y
af#o"], ifr0
ne+tan {E2) ifx y and xy <_
x, eR, then
Remark Ifxy,.%2%a
ee
tanta, + tant
gem ty tect 2M
where
sp Sipe Hitt toot nate 2 te
y= Eajgyty and 0 0,
Property VIL
Gi) sin! x +sin™ y
‘ant fefl-y'+ yl), if-1s x,y <1andx? +9? 1
x-sin“'{x/i-y? +yJ1-7}, if 01
-r~sin™ aft-y? + yf1-2"), if-1s%y1
Gi) sin sin} y
fein" Fr
sole e), it-teaystands® +)? 51
or if sy>Oand2? + 9° 51
A prsmtbli-F yf}, H00
) Isa ystands+yso
° ’
WH), tise ysimdesy fp
Yh itr
fooe ty fizge
ewe fa
v}
} Chapter 2: Differentiation 61
Property IX.
(sin
Gi) cos,
Property X
sin“ @x/1= 2), if
%
&
(@) 2sin7
n-sin* (QxJ1-=), if 4 xsl
-n-sin7 QrJI-x), if ses
{sin "(8x - 4x4), if - tigxst
v2 v2
Gi) sin? x= {e-sin Gx 4x), if p l
if x<-l
if ee
BG
eee if _
2p ag:
ga stants yet [1-84
3
_qttan™ (3 7 ne-
1-34 v3
Property XII
a{_ 2 i
sin ne} if -l
