TRANSFORMATION CHAPTER 1.

1. It might be difficult for young people to find affordable accommodation. (place)

-> Young people might find
2. Mary used to be better paid than she is these days. (so)
-> These days Mary
3. I’m happy to go and see any film you choose. (choice)
-> I don’t mind
4. She didn’t buy the car because it was too expensive. (high)
-> Had it
5. They hurried to school just to find that the teacher was absent. (show)
-> They needn’t
6. My friend had not expected the match was so exciting. (exceeded)
-> The match was exciting
7. Those boys are never welcomed at parties because of their bad behavior. (stems)
-> The fact that
8. I was pleased that my father finally managed to accept my sex. (succeeded)
-> To
9. I went to sleep immediately the train left the station. (asleep)
-> As
10. We lost to the other team because the referee was biased. (were)
-> Such
11. I can’t stand that dreadful noise any longer. (enough)
-> I’ve
12. He took no part in the discussion on the action plan. (contribute)
-> When discussing
13. You must take my petition into consideration. (account)
-> You are
14. Our company would never borrow money from a bank. (loan)
-> At
15. The constant disturbance surely annoyed him. (nerves)
-> The constant disturbance
16. I didn’t believe Jane’s explanation for one moment. (least)
-> I didn’t
17. The incident happened in a town whose name I can’t recall. (which)
-> The incident took
18. Despite their continuous efforts, they made no progress (got)
-> Although
19. They boys took turns to wash the dishes. (turn)
-> The boys
20. They designed the shoes to minimize the possibility of injury. (down)
-> The shoes
21. I have two daughters; they do not go to school yet. (whom)
-> I have
22. He made a terrible mistake, which made his teacher angry. (anger)
-> His
23. You are to stay in this shelter by all means. (should)
-> The last
24. What would you do if Helen didn’t keep her promise? (turn)
-> Supposing
25. It’s quite likely he will join the Olympic swimming team. (picked)
-> Chances
26. They have been getting along well with each other so far. (up)
-> They’ve been on
27. Jane is away on holiday, so you probably saw her twin brother in town yesterday. (gone)
-> You may
28. Raising the standard of living of the poor is all he spends his time on. (people’s)
-> He commits
29. Were the children good while the baby-sitter was here? (themselves)
-> During
30. The papers report that the police got a lot of criticism from the public after the riots. (come)
-> The police
31. People know more about my novels than the plays I write. (better)
-> I’m
32. The staff hated his new policies intensely and so went on strike. (hatred)
-> So intense
33. Your attitude to life would be greatly improved by regular exercise. (wonders)
-> Regular exercise would
34. There is someone in the office twenty-four hours a day. (staffed)
-> The office
35. Do you think her grandmother was offended buy what I said? (exception)
-> Do you think
36. His behavior at the conference gave him the bad reputation he now has. (conducted)
-> The way
37. Unless we can obtain more information. We can’t process your claim. (forthcoming)
-> Unless further
38. Our teacher thinks it would be better to get on as quickly as possible. (much)
-> Our teacher would prefer us
39. I had to wait for the manager for almost an hour before he would see me. (best)
-> The manager kept
40. They remain close friends despite having had many arguments. (fall)
-> Frequently as
41. Mary is in Hanoi on a business trip, so you surely saw her twin sister at the cinema yesterday. (making)
-> You must
42. What I particularly like about him is his generosity. (impresses)
-> It is
43. You should see the principal for further advice, I think. (refer)
-> I’d like
44. Helping the poor have a better standard of living is all he spends his time on. (life)
-> He devotes
45. The children were really good while the inspectors visited the school. (themselves)
-> During
46. They are bound to win the scholarship. (given)
-> In all
47. He had an accident, so he couldn’t play in the last match. (part)
-> Due
48. It is evident that he is making good progress at school. (well)
-> There’s
49. After the official admitted taking brides, he got lots of criticism from the public. (came)
-> Having
50. The person Jane likes most of all is her chemistry teacher. (affection)
-> There’s no-one
51. The harsh weather prevented us from going to work this morning. (made)
-> It was
52. I admire his courage, but I think he is quite foolish. (consider)
-> Much
53. It is evident that he hasn’t directly been involved in the fraud. (complicity)
-> There
54. It will be another four months before they take the final exam. (underway)
-> Not
55. He gambled and had to borrow money from lots of his friends. (ran)
-> Due
56. Oliver apologizes for taking her cell phone unintentionally. (mistake)
-> Oliver is sorry to
57. Timmy should tell all the truth about what he knows. (whole)
-> It’s about
58. I couldn’t help laughing at his blundering effort. (myself)
-> I couldn’t
59. He is very rich thanks to the money he inherited from his uncle. (came)
-> Had it
60. Scientists began to conduct research on AIDS in 1980. (out)
-> It was
61. Attendances at the exhibition are going down this year. (fewer)
-> The exhibition
62. It wasn’t necessary for them to call for help after all. (have)
-> They
63. I insist on your coming for a weekend with us even though you are always too busy. (should)
-> No matter
64. The noise the causing was loud; I nearly went deaf. (almost)
-> So
65. He was so fool to reveal the secret. (gave)
-> It was
66. Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building. (had)
-> Barely
67. “Less noise!” said the teachers to the boys. (much)
-> The teachers
68. I wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Karen had changed her job. (another)
-> It came
69. You can try to get Tim to lend you his car but you won’t succeed. (talk)
-> There’s no point
70. We were surprised to see her leave the room saying nothing. (without)
-> To
71. The exam is coming very soon, so you must concentrate on your work. (attention)
-> It is about
72. Thanks to our effort, accident rates have decreased considerably recently. (there’s)
-> Owing
73. Ben failed the exam because he refused listen to me. (stemmed)
-> Ben’s failure
74. I found the film quite disappointed. (least)
-> The film didn’t
75. It is unfair to blame the coach for the loss of the match. (put)
-> It is fairer
76. They say the government is considering the introduction of a new tax on fuel. (consideration)
-> The government is
77. Tom was angry because Mary didn’t accept his invitation. (turning)
-> Mary caused
78. He learned to drive when he was 18. (age)
-> He’s
79. Lucy came out of the interview room, smiling broadly. (ear)
-> Coming
80. He took little notice of the man standing at the gate. (was)
-> He didn’t pay
81. She burst into tears immediately after saying it. (had)
-> No sooner
82. The artist’s performance attracted such a big crowd that it had to start late. (showed)
-> So many
83. I should have bought the car at last week’s auction. (auctioned)
-> If
84. The farmer and his children used to do most of the farm work. (well)
-> Most of
85. The attendance at the football match was very low. (see)
-> Hardly
86. Although he perhaps has some faults, meanness is not one of them. (include)
-> Whatever
87. Everyone heard about the accident before I did. (informed)
-> I was
88. Someone has suggested banning cars from the city center. (authority)
-> It
89. You cannot find that precious book anywhere else except in her private library. (rather)
-> It is
90. Your trying to help is pointless, as they will reject your suggestions. (turn)
-> It’s no
91. Hardly any turned up to watch the football match. (came)
-> Almost
92. His behavior may occasionally be unpredictable. (what)
-> Sometimes you
93. It was to be another six months before Sally met him again. (later)
-> Not
94. The completion of the work was scheduled for last week. (according)
-> The work was to
95. They’ll soon find out what she is doing for money. (living)
-> It won’t
96. His efforts to find a solution didn’t deserve much savage criticism. (so)
-> They shouldn’t
97. Didn’t you realize that he was only pretending? (believe)
-> Didn’t it
98. Whatever happens we must avoid adverse publicity. (costs)
-> We’ve
99. When he was small, Jimmy used to collect stamps. (make)
-> As a
100. We were all surprised when she suddenly came back. (once)
-> To
101. Because of her boyfriend’s lack of punctuality, she left him. (unpunctual)
-> The fact
102. It seems as if there is a slight deterioration in his physical condition. (slightly)
-> His physical
103. Success depends on your hard work. (become)
-> The harder you
104. It is said that our boss has travelled to many different countries now. (number)
-> Out boss
105. In all probability, we will finish the project on Thursday. (finished)
-> There is every
106. He may have some weaknesses, but he is suited to the job than anyone else. (despite)
-> He is by
107. No one else in the class is as good at chess as Tim is. (second)
-> Tim is
108. How long have you been playing badminton? (take)
-> When
109. He is so intelligent a student that his classmates admire him. (look)
-> Such
110. The number of people out of work has been going down by little. (gradual)
-> There has
111. Local residents said they were against the rehousing scheme. (objection)
-> Local residents
112. He became famous but it cost him his privacy. (expense)
-> His rise
113. All the other guests were embarrassing when he told a disgusting joke. (felt)
-> Such
114. They always close the gate; otherwise the dog will run outside. (fear)
-> They always keep
115. She broke down and wept when she heard the news of her boyfriend’s death. (crying)
-> No sooner
116. Instead, you must try to have a good relationship with the others. (terms)
-> I’d rather
117. She has no difficulty communicating English. (herself)
-> She finds
118. They did everything possible to win the tile once more. (defend)
-> They did the
119. She pretends that she is listening to the teacher. (paying)
-> She makes
120. You can’t say anything that would persuade me to live overseas. (into)
-> Nothing
121. A lot of people have been killed and injured in a typhoon in Japan. (brought)
-> Heavy
122. They managed to work out a practical solution to the problem of thefts in the school. (coming)
-> They
123. I’d do anything to be able to travel to Greece. (chance)
-> There’s
124. There should be a good explanation for all the recent absenteeism. (someone)
-> I insist
125. The economic climate could deteriorate in the new few years. (down)
-> It is
126. Will you please stay with me for a little while? (company)
-> Why
127. It will be best if they agree on the point soon. (reached)
-> The sooner
128. If they had enough time to think, they might have done it differently. (manner)
-> Given
129. The government has been criticized for its recent policy regarding taxation. (introduced)
-> The government has come
130. The singer’s popularity suffered as a result of the scandal. (effect)
-> The scandal
131. Customs officials are stopping more travelers than usual this week. (searched)
-> An increased
132. The teachers agreed to introduce the new method. (bring)
-> There was
133. Those stores will accept a credit card instead of cash. (alternative)
-> It is
134. They say he has been to prison several times. (reputed)
-> He
135. They decided not to go by boat because they thought they would be seasick. (fear)
->
136. I have two brothers; they work as a teacher. (whom)
-> I have
137. Right after the teacher finished the question, Katie gave an excellent answer. (came)
-> No sooner
138. They are archrivals, but they are friendly to each other. (way)
-> In spite
139. You should do anything to reduce smoking. (lengths)
-> It is
140. It is not certain that Mary will participate in the contest. (speculation/question/touch)
-> It is
-> It is
-> It is
141. Henry worked too hard at the office, which led to his illness. (taking)
-> Henry’s illness
142. Everyone started laughing the moment the announcement was made. (burst)
-> No sooner
143. In the next few years, we’ll certainly hear a lot more about pollution. (deal)
-> In all
144. He puts all his money in a safe so that nobody can ever steal it. (stolen)
-> For
145. His last letter to me was written 3 months ago. (heard)
-> It has
146. Be proud of what you have achieved so far. (achievements)
-> Prides
147. He never uses corporal punishment even though his son behaves badly. (resorts)
-> However
148. Don’t be taken in by his sugary words. (fall)
-> You
149. Roger was defeated once again by Novak in the Dubai tournament. (more)
-> Roger lost
150. the thief must have come in through the window. (almost)
-> The thief
151. He is such a successful businessman that he has now become a case study. (as)
-> His success
152. My father and I often have the same opinions on politics. (eye)
-> When it
153. It’s about time you started working hard. (cracking)
-> I’d sooner
154. She’s still young, but she has written four noticeable novels. (credit)
-> Young
155. This is not the first time he has openly disagreed with the party leader. (swords)
-> He has
156. Your empty promise won’t make any impression on her. (ice)
-> The empty
157. I just about to remember her name, but I couldn’t get it. (tongue)
-> Her
158. They listened eagerly and attentively to the president’s speech. (what)
-> They were all
159. She’s always using my dictionary without asking me. (free)
-> It’s a
160. He spent all his money and he even borrowed some from me. (well)
-> Not
161. We like to talk to Jill because she is humorous. (sense)
-> We enjoy
162. You should see the principal for further advice, I think. (refer)
-> I’d like you
163. Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made. (burst)
-> As
164. I hate both of the paintings they sent yesterday. (expectations)
-> Neither
165. They are likely to win the scholarship. (granted)
-> In all
166. Mind your step, or you’ll slip on the floor. (over)
-> Unless
167. Scarcely had he got out of the house when it started raining. (down)
-> No sooner
168. They said that Paula had quit five jobs before working for us. (up)
-> Paula was
169. The say he is able to swim across this river. (swimming)
-> He is ______________________________________________________________________________________________
170. They may be there at the meeting, or they may not. (out)
-> I’m not ____________________________________________________________________________________________
171. “Don’t forget to hand in the paper by the deadline.” said the teacher. (reminder)
-> The teacher ________________________________________________________________________________________
172. Learning English is becoming more and more popular in our city. (increasingly)
-> It has
173. Right after disembarkation from the plane, he was taken into custody. (got)
-> As ________________________________________________________________________________________________
174. The teacher and his students knew nothing about the crack on the wall. (idea)
-> Neither ____________________________________________________________________________________________
175. The boy’s effort really impressed the audience and judges. (left)
-> It was _____________________________________________________________________________________________
176. I always go jogging in the morning to keep fit. (invariably)
-> So ________________________________________________________________________________________________
177. Doubtlessly, Katie is the best violinist in the conservatory. (no-one)
-> It goes ____________________________________________________________________________________________
178. He managed to make the world believe his fantastic story of having got to the North Pole alone. (fall)
-> The world __________________________________________________________________________________________
179. He couldn’t stop looking at the pictures on the wall. (hanging)
-> He couldn’t take _____________________________________________________________________________________
180. I always find those chess problems quite impossible. (defeat)
-> Chess problems _____________________________________________________________________________________
181. Give in to him and you will regret it. (stand)
-> You’d better ________________________________________________________________________________________
182. Many woman are ready to do anything to lose weight. (lengths)
-> Many a ____________________________________________________________________________________________
183. With six children to look after, she’s extremely busy. (hands)
-> She has ____________________________________________________________________________________________
184. He had asked for the girl’s hand without his parents’ knowledge. (marriage)
-> His parents were____________________________________________________________________________________
185. What I had done ruined my chances of promotion. (paid)
-> As a _______________________________________________________________________________________________
186. “Oh! Don’t complain all the time!” says Mike to his friend. (stop)
-> Mike wishes ________________________________________________________________________________________
187. It is really bad to become ill during your holiday abroad. (taken)
-> There’s nothing _____________________________________________________________________________________
188. The suggestion to increase the entrance fee at the museum came from Ann. (be)
-> It was _____________________________________________________________________________________________
189. The job offer will only be confirmed following a successful medical examination. (confirmation)
-> Not until ___________________________________________________________________________________________
190. Attendance at the additional evening lectures is not obligatory for students. (present)
-> Students are ________________________________________________________________________________________
191. Originally, the course was to include music, but that has changed. (have)
-> The course _________________________________________________________________________________________
192. We made effort, but we couldn’t achieve any results in the ballot changes. (nowhere)
-> Try _______________________________________________________________________________________________
193. The fashion designer decided to add in some ribbons to make the dress livelier. (jazz)
-> The fashion designer made ____________________________________________________________________________
194. I planned to visit her on Friday, but I heard she’d gone on holiday. (paid)
-> I would ____________________________________________________________________________________________
195. The coach’s hasty remark has caused quarrelling among the footballers. (sparks)
-> The hasty remark ____________________________________________________________________________________
196. Mark was embarrassed when his friends revived his unpleasant memories of school days. (ashes)
-> To ________________________________________________________________________________________________
197. We were not surprised that the debut performance made a great and rapid success with the Broadway audience.
(storm)
-> It came ____________________________________________________________________________________________
198. Ann’s dedication to her work has always been exemplary. (herself)
-> Ann __________________________________________________________________________ most extremely manner.
199. Henry was very pleased to be selected for the team. (delight)
-> Much _____________________________________________________________________________________________
200. In spite of all my efforts, I couldn’t persuade Sony to come to the concert. (hard)
-> No matter __________________________________________________________________________________________