ARTS

Zeynep and Bakir

 What is ‘arts’
Art is a human activity that
involves creating or interpreting
visual, auditory, or
performance-based works that
are intended to communicate
emotions, ideas, or experiences.
Art can take many forms,
including painting, sculpture,
music, theater, dance, literature,
and film.
Art is often considered a way for
individuals to express their
creativity, imagination, and
emotions, and can be influenced by a
wide range of factors, including
cultural, historical, and social
contexts. It is also often seen as a
reflection of the values, beliefs, and
attitudes of the society in which it is
created.
SCOPE
Does new knowledge in the arts always build on what
is already known?
In general, new knowledge in the arts does build on what is
already known. This is because the arts, like any other field of
knowledge, is based on a foundation of previous discoveries,
modernizations and techniques that have developed over time
For example, a painter may study the works of previous
artists and learn their techniques, use of color,
composition etc… They may build upon this knowledge
and evelop their own style and create new works of art.

However, it is also possible for new

knowledge in the arts to challenge
established traditions. Which can lead to
new styles and approaches that are
created from what has come before. For
example, the Impressionist movement in
painting challenged traditional
techniques and styles, which lead to new
ways of portraying light and color/

Famous Impressionist Artists’ Eduoard Manets Artwork

 Are the arts best seen as a system of knowledge, a type
of knowledge or a means of expressing knowledge?
System of knowledge: Type of knowledge:
Arts are best seen Another way of looking at the
This view suggests that arts is to see them as a type of
as all three. A the arts offer a unique knowledge that is related to
but distinct from other types
system of way of understanding of knowledge. For example, the
the world and human arts might be seen as a way of
knowledge, a type experience that cannot knowing that is based on
of knowledge and a be reduced to other intuition, emotion, and
aesthetic experience, whereas
means of forms of knowledge. science is based on empirical
observation and logical
expressing reasoning.
knowledge.
Means of knowledge: In this view, the arts are a way
of communicating ideas, emotions, and experiences
that might be difficult to express in other forms of
language or discourse.
PERSPECTIVES
Can art change the way we interpret the world?

Yes, art can change the way we interpret the world. Art has
the power to challenge our perceptions, shift our
For example, visual art can challenge our
perspectives, and make us see the world in new ways. perceptions of beauty, literature can
Through various forms of it, such as visual arts, music transport us to different worlds and help
literature, and performance art, art can inspire reflection, us empathize with others.
summon emotions and challenge thought.
Who determines what art is valued, and on what
criteria?
the determination of what art is valued and on what
criteria is a complex and subjective process that
involves many different factors, including cultural
context, historical context, personal preferences, and
societal norms.

Cultural context refers to the cultural beliefs,
values, and traditions that shape how people
view and evaluate art. For example, a society that
values realism and technical skill may place
more value on representational art than abstract
art.
Historical context refers to the time
period in which an artwork was created
and how it reflects the social, political,
and cultural climate of that era.
Historical context can influence the
perceived value of an artwork and
whether it is considered a masterpiece
or a relic of the past.
societal norms refer to the
collective values and beliefs of a
society that shape how art is
evaluated and valued. For
example, societal norms may
dictate that certain types of art
are more valuable than others
based on factors such as prestige,
exclusivity, and financial worth.

Personal preferences refer to the subjective tastes

and preferences of individuals who evaluate art.
Different people may value different types of art
based on their personal experiences and cultural
backgrounds.
METHODS & TOOLS
Does sense perception perform a radically different
role in the arts compared to other areas of knowledge?

Sense perception plays a unique and significant
role in the arts compared to other areas of
knowledge. In the arts, sense perception is not only
used to observe the world around us, but is also
used to create and appreciate works of art.
Artists often rely on their senses to create
their works, using their perception of color,
texture, sound and other sensory inputs to
make creative decisions.

For example, a painter may use their sense of sight

to perceive and mix colors, while a musician may
use their sense of hearing to create a harmonious
melody. Similarly, viewers and listeners use their
senses to appreciate the works of art.
To what extent are the methods of justification
different in the arts compared to other areas of
knowledge?
the methods of justification in the arts are often different from
those in other areas of knowledge. One of the key differences is
that the justification of art is often based on subjective and
personal experiences, rather than objective evidence or logical
reasoning.

In contrast, the justification of art often relies on

personal experiences, emotions, and aesthetic
judgments. For example, a person might justify their
love of a particular piece of music or artwork by
describing how it makes them feel or how it relates to
their personal experiences.
ETHICS
Do the arts play a role in the development of our
personal value systems?

Yes, the arts can play a significant role in the
development of our personal value systems. The
arts, through their various forms such as music,
literature, thaeter, and visual arts, can inspire us,
challenge our beliefs, and encourage us to reflect
on our values and beliefs.
Furthermore, the arts can also promote
empathy and understanding of others, which
can contribute to the development of our
personal value systems.

Overall, arts can play a powerful role in shaping

and influencing our personal value systems as
they can inspire us, challenge our beliefs, and
promote empathy and understanding the others.
Do the arts have the power to challenge established
moral values?
the arts have the potential to challenge established moral values by
presenting alternative perspectives and questioning dominant
narratives. Through the use of symbolism, metaphor, and allegory,
artists can challenge social norms and provoke new ways of thinking
about ethical issues.

For example, art can challenge established moral values by exploring

controversial or taboo subjects, such as sexuality, politics, or religion. By doing
so, art can promote social change and challenge established beliefs about what
Moreover, the arts can offer a critique of dominant
is acceptable or unacceptable behavior.
cultural narratives and expose hidden biases and
assumptions. Through the use of satire and parody,
artists can reveal the contradictions and absurdities
of established moral values and challenge the power
structures that support them.
CONNECTION TO
THE CORE THEME
Does art provide knowledge of the artist or of
ourselves? (scope)
Art can provide knowledge of both the artist and of
ourselves. Through creation of art, artists often reveal their
own thoughts, feelings, and experiences,. We can learn
about the artist’s motivations, creative process, and
worldview through their artistic creations.
However art is not only about the artist. Art can also provide
knowledge about ourselves and our own experiences. When
we engage with art, we bring out own perspectives,
experiences and emotions to the appreciation of the work.
Which can lead to personal reflections.
For example, a painting depicting a landscape may provide
us with knowledge about the artist’s experience and
interpretation of nature, while also bringing out emotions
and memories of our own experiences with nature.
How is art used in advertising to affect the beliefs of
individuals and groups? (perspectives)
art is often used in advertising to affect the
beliefs of individuals and groups through the
use of persuasive techniques and emotional
appeals.

One perspective is that advertising often
uses art to create a sense of desire or
aspiration in the viewer. By presenting an
idealized version of reality, advertising can
tap into the viewer's desires and values, and
encourage them to buy a product or service
that promises to fulfill those desires.
Another perspective is that advertising can
influence the beliefs and attitudes of
individuals and groups by presenting a
particular worldview or cultural narrative.
By using art to shape the way people see the
world, advertising can influence their
beliefs about what is desirable, acceptable,
or normal behavior.
However, the use of art in
advertising has also been
criticized for promoting
materialism, consumerism, and
superficial values, and for
exploiting people's emotions and
vulnerabilities for commercial
gain.
Source(s)
“Theory Of Knowledge” Cambridge University Press