What are the

things you
usually consider
whenever you
plan to have a
picnic?
CLIMATE
&
WEATHER
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, we will be able to;
1. Differentiate climate and weather
2. Explain how different factors affect the climate
of an area.
Weather
Is the condition of
the atmosphere at
a specific place and
time.
Climate
Is the general
pattern of weather
in a certain area
over a long period
of time.
Weather vs Climate
1. El Niño
Weather vs Climate
2. Typhoon
Weather vs Climate
3. La Niña
Weather vs Climate
4. Sunny Day
Weather vs Climate
5. Polar
FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE CLIMATE

1. Latitude
2. Altitude
3. Distance from the ocean
4. Topography
 1. Latitude
● Lines of latitude run in
horizontal parallels.

● Represent distance north

or south from the
equator.
● Measured in an angle
from the centre of the
Earth.
Q1. How much is the tilt of the earth’s axis?
Q1 Answer. 23.5°
Q2. Which part of the earth receives most of
the sun’s rays?
Q2 Answer. Equator
Q3. Why does the amount of heat received by
places far from the equator become less?
Q3 Answer: It is due to the tilting of the
earth’s axis and the shape of the earth.
Q4. Why are the coldest places on earth found
near the poles?
Q4 Answer. They receive less amount of heat.
Q5. Why are places with high temperature
found at the equator?
Q5 Answer. Due to the tilting of the earth’s axis, places near the equator
receive more heat making the air temperature higher.
Q6. How does latitude affect climate?
 Q6 Answer: When the area is farther from the equator, the air temperature is lower
resulting in a cold climate. When the place is closer to the equator, the air temperature is
higher which results in a warm climate.
PHILIPPINES VS. POLAND
2. Altitude
Altitude means
height above the
ground or above
the sea level.

Mount Kilimanjaro (Africa)

Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual
Average Temperature
Name of Place Elevation above sea Annual average
level(m) temperature
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6

Q1. Which place is the coldest?

Baguio
Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual
Average Temperature
Name of Place Elevation above sea Annual average
level(m) temperature
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6

Q2. Which place is the hottest?

Tacloban
Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual
Average Temperature
Name of Place Elevation above sea Annual average
level(m) temperature
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6

Q3. Based on the data, what is the relationship between

altitude and temperature of a place?
Different Cities in the Philippines and Their Annual
Average Temperature
Name of Place Elevation above sea Annual average
level(m) temperature
Bacolod 10 27.5
Baguio 1400 16.0
Laoag 20 27.3
Manila 10 27.7
Tacloban 20 29.4
Tagaytay 640 22.7
Zamboanga 30 27.6

Q3 Answer.: As the altitude increases, the temperature decreases.

And as the altitude decreases, the temperature increases.
 Mount Kilimanjaro (Africa)

Mt. Kilimanjaro is located in Africa and found near the equator. But why is it covered in ice?
- It stands 5895m above sea level. As altitude increases, the temperature decreases.
Why is it cold at higher altitude?

● For every 1000 m, there

is a drop of 6.5°C.

● At higher elevations,
there is less air.

● Lighter air cannot

absorb much heat,
making air temperature
lower.
3. Distance from the ocean
● Places near the ocean
don't get too hot or too
cold because the water
helps keep the
temperature more even.

• That's why beach towns

often have nice weather
3. Distance from the ocean
● Places far from water
have bigger
temperature changes.
● They can be really hot
during the day and
really cold at night.
3. Distance from the ocean
● Land and water heat up and
cool down differently.

● Water has a high heat

capacity than land which
means it can hold heat
longer. It also takes a
while to cool down.
 3. Distance from the ocean
SEA BREEZE ● During daytime land gets hot
faster than water when the
sun shines on it.
● When it's hot, air moves
from the cooler water to
the warmer land.
● This makes coastal areas
not get as hot as places
farther from the water.
3. Distance from the ocean
● At night, land cools down
quickly, but water cools
down slower
● Air moves from the cooler
land to the warmer water.
● Places near the water don't
get too hot or too cold
because the water helps
keep the temperature.
3. Distance from the ocean
● Places far from water
have bigger
temperature changes.
● They can be really hot
during the day and
really cold at night.
4. Topography
● One of the topographic
features of an area is
mountain.
● Mountainous areas greatly
affect the amount of
precipitation in the region.
4. Topography
What happens to water
vapor as it rises over the
mountain?

-Condenses
4. Topography
Which side of the
mountain experiences
low temperature?

-Windward side
4. Topography
Which side of the
mountain experiences
high temperature?

-Leeward side
4. Topography
What dry region forms
at the back of the
mountain?

-Rain shadow
4. Topography

The Alps
 5. Ocean
Currents
● A continuous, directed
movement of seawater
generated by a number of
forces acting upon the water,
including wind and the
Coriolis effect.
5. Ocean Current

What are the different

ocean currents that
carry warm water?
5. Ocean Current

What are the different

ocean currents that
carry cold water?
5. Ocean Current

. What kind of water

does Greenland
Current take along?
Explain.
5. Ocean Current

How do Kamchatka
Current and Kuroshio
Current affect the
Northeastern part and
Southern part of
Japan?
 5. Ocean Current

Ocean currents have also an important role in

changing the climate of a certain area. They affect the
temperature of the nearby land mass. Warm currents
move from the equator towards poles carry warm
water. On the other hand, cold currents travel from
the poles towards the equator carry cold water.