Reporters: MUSOR, ALNAHAR M., SADAM, RAINISAH S., BANDIRA, MOH’D RAFFY., NATA, ZULQARNINE, H.

MAHMOD,
MARJANIE M., & MACACUNA, AFNAN O.,
Instructor: MONAIFAH DIANADOR H.SALEM
Topic: UNIT 4 HEALTH CARE AND SUPPORT SERVICES
CHAPTEER 1 PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL CARE • Activity- Rest is very important. Any activity that may cause
LESSON 1 NATURE OF PREGNACY fatigue should be avoided.
Pregnancy- is the period during which woman carries a baby
within her body giving birth. LESSON 2 NUTRITION DURING PREGNANCY
Sign of Pregnancy A woman’s body changes dramatically during pregnancy:
1. Changes in the skin ➢ Her blood volume expands.
2. Changes in the breasts. ➢ Her uterus and its supporting muscles increase in size and
3. Increased size of the abdomen strength.
4. Fetal heartbeat. ➢ Her breasts grow in preparation for lactation.
Symptoms of Pregnancy Energy and Nutrients Needs.
✓ Missed period or menstruation ✓ From conception to birth, all parts of the infants- bones,
✓ Increased in weight muscles, organs, blood cells, skin, and other tissues are
✓ Morning sickness made of nutrients from maternal stores and diet.
✓ Frequency of urination ✓ A pregnant woman not only has to satisfy her own nutritional
Pregnancy Trimester requirements but also those of the growing fetus.
First Trimester During the first month, a fertilized egg- a The following is the recommended among of food for a pregnant and
union of mother’s egg and father sperm is developed. lactating woman:
Second Trimester Internal organs and other structures like ✓ The thick, yellow fluid called colostrum, which is produced
hands, feet, and eyes are fully formed. by the mammary glands in late pregnancy and the first few
Third Trimester The baby increases its size and weight as days after delivery, is high in antibodies that make babies
the body parts and systems continue to develop until it is ready to be resistant to bacterial infections and other diseases.
born. Breast Milk:
Changes during Pregnancy ✓ Is nutritionally superior to infant formula and contains all the
• The pregnant woman secretes hormones like estrogen, nutrients in correct proportion and quantity required for the
progesterone, human growth hormone, insulin, and other first six months of life.
throughout pregnancy. ✓ Is easily digested and absorbed by the baby.
• The increased appetite in early pregnancy needed to meet the Preparing for Breast feeding
increasing requirement for nutrients. • Eat a balanced diet
• The heart adjusts to the increased volume of blood in circulation • Understand why she should breast-feed
and larger body mass. • Prepare emotionally for breast feeding
• The respiratory function changes to provide for both the needs of • Know how to breast feeding
the mother and the fetus. After delivery, the mother should
• The increased urine volume may cause the mother to experience • Get enough rest during the day.
thirst. • Empty the breast regularly and completely.
• The increase maternal weight gain in pregnancy is accounted for • Avoid fear, worry, and fatigue especially when nursing the baby.
the placenta fetus, amniotic fluid, mother’s fluid, blood and fat. Breast – Feeding
Health care ✓ All mothers under normal condition can breast feed their babies
Prenatal care and must be encouraged to breast feed.
• Diet- a well-balanced and adequate diet during pregnancy is very ✓ Breast feeding uses up the fat stored during pregnancy to help the
important. mother lose weight and get her shape back naturally.
• Mental attitude- the pregnant woman should have a relaxed, Breast feeding
happy attitude and should continue to enjoy social activities. ❖ Is convenient for the mother and baby, as breast milk is readily
• Clothing- clothing should be loose and comfortable. available at room temperature at all times.
• Bathing- A pregnant woman should take her usual daily bath but ❖ Promotes emotional bonding as it fosters a close and loving
with extra care. relationship between mother and baby.
• Activity- sufficient rest, sleep and exercise are needed during ❖ Aids in the contraction of the uterus to normal size after delivery.
pregnancy. ❖ Lower risk of breast cancer in women.
Postnatal care
Medical checkup- the mother most undergoes a follow-up and LESSON 3 EXERCISES AND HYGIENE DURING PREGNANCY
thorough checkup with an obstetrician two to three weeks after giving Regular exercise during pregnancy can improve posture and
birth. decrease some common discomforts such as backaches and fatigue.
• Diet- its is very important to maintain a healthy diet. Fitness and pregnancy
• Rest – looking after a new born baby is demanding. The remarkable physical changes of pregnancy can make a
• Personal Hygiene – Cleanliness and Hygiene are very important, pregnant woman feel she is losing control of her body.
they prevent infection. Some of the benefits of exercise during pregnancy are as follows:
✓ Strengthens and tones muscles
✓ Helps the body work more efficiently
✓ Relieves some aches and pains of pregnancy
✓ Shortens labor when doing aerobic exercises
✓ Regains body shape more easily after giving birth
Safe Exercises during Pregnancy
Most pregnant women can safely begin an appropriate
exercise program Before starting, they should ask a health care
professional for approval for pregnant women with heart problem, high
blood pressure, diabetes, or circulatory disorders, they need
individually designed programs.
The safest and most productive activities are swimming, brisk
walking, indoor stationary cycling, and low-impact aerobics.
Exercising safely
Exercising may also be harmful if she has pregnancy-related
conditions such as:
✓ Bleeding or spotting
✓ Dilated or weak cervix
✓ Low placenta
✓ Threatened or recurrent miscarriage
✓ Previous premature births or history of early labor
✓ Rupture of the water bag
The following are some reminders for mothers to a safe and
enjoyable exercise:
✓ Set aside a time and place to exercise that fits the schedule.
✓ Exercise on a padded carpet or a mat.
✓ Be sure to have a room where you can move freely.
✓ Wear loose clothing or a leotard.
✓ A support bra and well-made rubber-soled shoes can make
exercise safer and more comfortable.
Sample Workouts for Mothers
1.Pelvic Tilt
1. Kneel on all fours on a padded surface. Make sure that the
back is straight, not swayed and is parallel to the floor.
2.Inhale. Then as exhaling, curve the lower back up and contract
the abdominals.
3. Inhale as you lengthen your spine by returning your tailbone to the
original position
BENEFITS: Pelvic tilts help strengthen abdominal muscles.
They also help relieve backache and improve posture.
PRECAUTIONS: Be careful to keep your back straight for Swaying the
back puts too much pressure on the lower back.
2 Leg Lift
1. Lie on the side with the bottom leg bent and relaxed
and the head resting on your arm.
2. Breathing out, lift the top leg up and slightly back, foot flexed, so that
it is parallel to the floor.
3.Lower leg and repeat
BENEFITS: Leg lifts strengthen and firm hip and buttock muscles and
also stretch the hip muscle that is shortened later in pregnancy.
PRECAUTIONS: If you have sciatica or if lifting your leg hurts, skip this
exercise.
3. Neck Roll
1.Sit with legs crossed.
2.Tip your chin down toward your chest, then bring it around so you can
look over one shoulder. Hold momentarily, then slowly roll your chin
down across your chest until you are looking over the other shoulder.
3. Inhale while looking over your shoulder and exhale during
movement. Repeat.
BENEFITS: Neck rolls help relax tight neck muscles, decrease upper
backache and improve posture.
PRECAUTIONS: Do not tip your head back or circle your neck too far
around. This stresses the joints and nerves at back of the neck.
Personal Hygiene
Personal cleanliness, as well as appropriate grooming, helps
maintain health and makes a pregnant woman comfortable and
attractive.
Ways of personal cleanliness include the following:
1. Daily bath
2. Care of breasts
3. Daily bowel movement
4. Prompt urination
5. Brush teeth three times a day using appropriate techniques.
LESSON 4 PREPARING A BABY'S LAYETTE
Layette
Layette is defined as a kit that comes with a baby's
complete outfit and accessories.
A layette helps ease the complexity of parenting,
since all first-time parents are clueless as to what baby
essentials to get, the layette serves to take away most of the
burden.
Preparing a baby layette is easy and can make
parenting a whole more enjoyable.
An Expectant Mother's Checklist
Organizing the baby's very own layette should not be
too hard and expensive. Knowing what babies really need is
important.
1. Clothing
2. Bathing/Grooming Accessories
3. Feeding/Nursing Equipment and Accessories
4. More Essentials
THE BABY'S ROOM
The arrival of new baby is very much exciting for the
whole family. This is one of the most fun and joyful events in the
family's life. Likewise, there are some associated tasks and
responsibilities parents need to learn for their child's safety.
The Crib is the most important thing parents should buy or
create for the child's safety.
✓ Make sure the baby's crib is safety-approved.
✓ Crib bars should be no more than 6 cm apart, to prevent the
baby's head and limbs from getting stuck.
✓ There should be no horizontal bars that may allow the baby
to climb up and possibly fall out.
✓ Every time the baby is put in the crib, check that the drop-
side mechanism is locked.
MATTRESS
The mattress is a sleeping accessory worthy of
scrutiny. The ideal mattress for the child's safety should be
perfect in size to fit snugly inside the crib.
✓ The crib mattress should fit tightly.
✓ Mattresses are made of foam or natural fiber.
✓ Keep the baby's mattress well-aired and Clean.
CHAPTER 2 INFANT AND TODDLER CARE
LESSON 1 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Growth and Development
Growth means an increase in size, change in body
proportions, and alternation of internal systems that account for
that growth.
Development refers to the increasing skills of the
individual and the processes that enable the individual to adapt
to life's experiences.
The Toddler Stage
The toddler stage (eighteen months to three years old)
is an exciting period of growth for children.
LESSON 2 SLEEP, BATHING, AND MASSAGE
Sleep and Wakefulness
Sleep is a precious commodity-both for the baby and
for the mother. Both quantity and quality of sleep are important.
Sleep Stages
According to Davis, Parker, and Montgomery (Martin
and Berke, 2007), sleep can be defined quiet (sleep), active
(alert), and intermediate (neither sleep nor alert).
1. Quiet Sleep or Non-Rem (NREM) Sleep is characterized by
minimal large or small muscle movements and rhythmic
breathing cycles.
2. Active Sleep or Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep is
characterized by sucking motions, twitches, smiles, frowns,
irregular breathing, and gross limb movements.
3. Indeterminate Sleep (IS) is the period of sleep that cannot be
defined as either active or quiet sleep using measurements and
predetermined criteria. scientific
Putting Infants to Sleep
1. Calming Movement
2. Gentle Sound
3.Feeling of Security
4. Full Tummy
5. Soothing Smells
Steps to a Good Night's Sleep
1. For the baby to learn how to sleep by itself, it needs to be put
to bed while it is still awake.
2. When the baby is drowsy, put it into its crib on its back.
3. If it cries, resist going back for a few minutes.
4. When it is calm, leave the room again.
5. If the baby wakes during the night and it is not due for a feeding
or crying out of pain or discomfort, repeat these steps, waiting for
a few minutes before soothing it and leave the room again.
Bathing the Baby
Before the Baby's Bath:
1. Close the windows before the baby's bath on cold or chilly
weather.
2. In the absence of a bathing table or bed, a clean mat spread
on a clean floor would serve the purpose.
3. Collect all the needed materials. A ✓ Baby can hold head straight when sitting up.
Steps in Bathing the Baby
1. One anal wash baby's face with a face towel without using
soap.
2. Remove baby's clothing and wrap it with bath towel.
3. Kneel to rest baby's buttocks on your lap while your left arm
supports its body and its head rests on your left palm. With your
right hand, soap the baby's hair, rinse and pat dry.
4. Lay the baby on the mat, unwrap the towel and with the aid of
a face towel, soap the baby's body taking particular attention to
soap its underarm, in between its fingers and toes, creases and
folds.
5. With its head supported on your wrist and your fingers
grasping its upper arm, put your right hand under its buttocks
grasping its left thigh.
6. Lift it and gently put it in the basin half full of water.
7. Lift it from the basin, maintain the same hold, wrap it with the
towel and pat dry.
8. If the baby is a girl, dip a cotton ball in boiled water that has
been cooled.
9. Lay the baby on its clothing so arranged that you just have to
slip its arms in the sleeves.
INFANT MASSAGE
To begin a massage, choose a quiet, comfortably warm
spot and rub oil on your hands so they will glide smoothly
touching the baby's skin. Then try the following routine:
Face
Arms
Back
Legs and Feet
Stomach and Chest
LESSON 3 PROVIDING PROPER NUTRITION
Nutritional Needs
From birth, for the first few months of life, the child's total
nutritional needs are met through the mother's milk, if the mother
is in normal health.
Breast milk is the most complete, nutritionally
adequate, pure, safe, clean, and satisfying food for the baby.
Energy and Nutrient Needs
An infant grows faster during the first year than in the
later years.
Vitamins, Minerals, and Water
Vitamin and mineral recommendations are based on
the contents of human milk. Water is an important nutrient for
infants and for everyone.
Complementary food, also called transitional food,
are food that should be provided in addition to breast milk when
the baby is physically ready for it.
An infant is ready for complementary feeding when:
✓ Baby's weight doubles birth weight.
✓ Baby opens mouth when food approaches.
* Baby is interested in food when others eat.
✓ Baby is able to transfer food from the front of the tongue to
the back
✓ Baby is able to swallow.
Introducing Complementary Food
1. Introduce one kind of food at a time.
2. Start with a small amount of any food-a teaspoonful or less.
3. Use thin puree consistently when starting solid foods.
4. Never force an infant to eat.
5. If baby refuses to eat a kind of food, mix it with another food it
likes until it becomes accustomed to the flavor.
6. If after several trials, the baby refuses to eat a particular food,
stop feeding for a week or two, and then try again.
7. Food may be seasoned slightly.
8. When the baby is able to chew, gradually switch to finely
chopped vegetables, fruits, fish, and meat.
LESSON 4 MEDICAL CARE
Immunization for Children
Immunizations are a must to keep babies healthy.
Immunizations or vaccination is a way to trigger one's immune
system and prevent serious, life-threatening diseases.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver caused by a virus.
Diphtheria
This serious disease is caused by bacteria that produce
poison or toxin. Diphtheria can cause blockage of the airway,
making it impossible to breathe.
Tetanus (Lockjaw)
Tetanus is caused by toxin or poison produced by
bacteria that enter the body through a cut wound.
Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
Pertussis is caused by bacteria. It can cause spells of
violent coughing and choking, making it hard to breathe, drink, or
eat. The cough can last for weeks.
Polio
Polio is caused by a virus that is spread by contact with
feces (bowel movement) of an infected person. Symptoms can
include sudden fever, sore throat, headache, muscles weakness,
and pain.

Reporters:
Instructor: MONAIFAH DIANADOR H.SALEM
Topic: UNIT 5 BEAUTY CARE

CHAPTER 1 MANICURING
LESSON 1 THE NAIL PHYSICAL STRUCTURE AND 3. Nails Biting
PROBLEMS 4. Nail Shape
5. White spots or Ridges
Care of the hands, feet, and nail is a stress relieving treatment that ★MANICURE DESIGN
provides relaxation produces softer skin and leaves one feeling Shape of the nail
revitalized. 1. Square
★Structure of the nail 2. Round
The nail is horny protective covering of the finger and toe. 3. Oval
The technical term for the nail is onyx. 4. Pointed
The horny tissue formed at the base of the protein substance is called ★Kinds of manicure and pedicure designs
keratin. A normal nail should be firm, flexible and pinkish.
Here are different parts of the nail
1. The matrix is where the growth of the nail starts just under the fold
of the skin.
2. The nail root is attached to the matrix just under the flesh at the
back of the nails.
3. The nail plate is the layer you see. The nail plate is semitransparent
allowing the color of the blood supply of the dermis to show through
4. The nail bed is the underlying flesh where the entire nail plate is
attached.
5. The free edge is the part of the nail plate that is not attached to the
nail bed and extended beyond the fingertips.
6. The lunula is light–colored crescent shaped area at the base of the
nail.
7. The cuticle is the tough fold of the skin that forms at the base and
sides of the nail plate and under the free edge.
8. The eponychium is the cuticle at the base of the nail. Below are the general instructions for doing the different design
1. Apply base coat (platinum) twice.
★Nail problems
2. Make the design you have chosen.
Here are some common nail problems and how to remedy them with 3. Apply the same procedure for all finger and toes.
the nail product and guidance from the professional manicurist. 4. Apply the top coat.
1. Weak or Fragile nail 5. Remove all the excess polish around the nail
2. Nail Stains
 Lesson 2 IMPLEMENTS, EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS,
AND COSMETICS IN MANICURING"
Implements are articles used in manicuring that are more or less
durable.
Supplies and materials are consumable items that are replaced
whenever needed.
★IMPLEMENTS
1. An emery board or nail file is used to shape and smoothen
the free edge of the nails.
2. A metal pusher is used to push back or loosen dead cuticle
3. A nail cutter or nail clipper is a metal device used to cut or
shorten fingernail and toenails
4. An orange wood stick with stiff brush on one end is used to
loosen cuticle clean underneath the nails and remove the polish
around the cuticle and nails
5. Cuticle nippers are metal devices used to trim hangnails and
dead cuticle
6. A nail brush is a small plastic brush used to clean nail and
finger.
7. Cuticle scissors are used to cut dead cuticle.
8. A nail buffer Is used to stimulate the circulation under the nails
★EQUIPMENT
1. A manicure able and portable lamp are needed
2. Have a chair for the patron and chair or stool for the manicurist
3. A cushion with sanitized towel is used to rest the customers
arm on
4. A tray holds manicure cosmetics
★Materials
1. Cotton balls are used to remove old polish
2. Hand towels are used to dry hand and nails
3. A finger bowl is used to hold warm soapy water for
MANICURING
★COSMETICS
1. A 70 percent rubbing alcohol solution cleans the hands of the
manicurist and the patron's hand before giving a manicure
2. A nail polish remover (acetone) is used to remove nail polish
3. A cuticle softener contains potassium hydroxide base to soften
the skin. Applying this on the nail makes it easier to lift the cuticle
4. A cuticle cream or oil has a lanolin or petroleum base and is
used to treat dry cuticles and brittle nail.
5. A hand lotion is used to soften the hand
6. A base coat is directly applied to nail to protect them from stain
colored polishes.
7. A top coat applied over the colored enamel prevents peeling
and chipping.
8. A color enamel over the base coat to give strength and color
to the nail plate
9. A quick is used to brush over the top coat to quicken the drying
process
10. A nail polish solvent is used to thin out liquid and polish
11. Soap is used for finger bath
A Manicure Treatment is an essential part of good grooming for
both women and men.
LESSON 3 THE MANICURE SERVICE
Manicure service involves treating the hands and nails especially
the cuticle, shaping nails, massaging the hand, and coloring
nails.
You can give or get manicure service by doing the following;
1. Wash your hands with soap and water before starting your
manicure.
2. Properly remove old nail polish, dampen the cotton with a
polish remover, and press the cotton firmly against each nail.
3. File nail with an emery board. Start with the left hand, hold the
patron's finger between the thumb and first two fingers of your
left hand. Hold the file from the corner to the center of the nail.
4. Soak the patron's left hand in a bowl of warm Soapy water.
5. File the right hand.
6. Carefully dry the left hand and gently push the cuticle back
with a towel.
7. Apply cuticle softener and massage into the
cuticle. Leave it for 2 minutes.
8. Dip the tip of your orange wood stick in cuticle oil and use it
gently to push back the cuticle with a lifting circular motion from
the corner to the center of the nail.
9. Use cuticle or nail cream on nails or cuticles that are dry or
brittle. Massage the cream into the nail and around the cuticle.
10. Use the nail brush with warm and soapy water. Dry hands
and nails.
11. Use cuticle nipper to remove hangnails or dead cuticle or
uneven cuticle.
12. Wash hands and scrub nails. Brush nails downward to
remove cuticle trims.
13. Before applying the nail polish, you can massage the hand
and arm.
14. Apply hand lotion for the hand and arm massage.
15. Massage the arm from the wrist to elbow. Use a slow circular
motion in alternate direction. Do these three times.
16. Massage underpart of the arm to the elbow by using the
fingers of each hand in an alternate crosswise direction. Do these
three times for better result.
17. When you are done with the massage, apply a clear base to
protect the nails from the color in the nail polish. Apply with long
strokes starting with the little finger working toward the thumb.
18. When the clear based dries, apply two layers of nail polish on
the left hand then on the right hand.
19. Remove excess polish. Dip a cotton-tipped orange wood
stick in polish remover and carefully go around each cuticle.
20. Apply top coat for added protection.
21. Clean all implements, equipment, and materials used.
22. Sanitize and sterilize all implements used.
CHAPYER 2 PEDICURING
LESSON 1 BASIC PEDICURE
Pedicure is simply manicuure of the feet a pedicure is part
of good grooming.pericure gives the feet comfort and relieves
you from feet problems.
LESSON 2 IMPLEMENTS,EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS,
AND COSMETICS IN PEDICURING
Some of the implements, equipment,materials, and
cosmetics used in manicuring are used in pedicuring.
IMPLEMENTS
1.An emery board and a nail files are used to shape and
smoothen the free edge of the nails.
2. A pusher is used to push back or loosen dead cuticle.
3.Nails cutters or nails clippers are mental devices used to cut or
shorten toenails.
4.Orange wood sticks are wooden sticks used to cleanse and
remove the polish around the cuticle and nails.
5.Cuticle nippers are mental device used to trim hangnails and
dead cuticles.
6.Nails brushes are small plastic brushes used to cleanse the
toenails of debris.
7.Cuticle scissors are used to cut dead cuticles.
8.A buffer has two different grits on one side (black and white)
and a smooth,gray material on the other side.
Equipment
1.Ready a comfortable chair for the patron and stool for the
pedicurist.
2.A portable lamp is needed.
3.A tray for manicure\pedicure cosmetics is handly.
MATERIALS
1. Cotton balls are used to remove old polish.
2. Clean towel is used to dry feet and nails.
3. A basin is used to soak the feet for pedicuring.
COSMETICS
1. A 70 percent rubbing alcohol solution to sanitize the patron
s feet and the hand of the pedicurist is necessary.
2. Nail polish remover removes nail polish from the toenails.
3. Warm soapy water help remove dirty and stains on the nails.
4. Cuticle removes contain potassium hydroxide base that help
lift or remove any cuticle adhering to the nail easier.
5. Cuticle cream or oil has lanolin or petroleum base and is
used to treat dry cuticle and brittle nails.
6. A hand lotion is used to soften the skin and replace natural
oil.
7. Base coat is a colorless liquid that is brushed on the nail
before the polished is applied.
8. Top coat is a quick drying liquid applied to the surface of the
nails.
9. An alum solution is used to stop the bleeding of the cuticle
when accidentally cut with nippers.
LESSON 3 THE PEDICURE SERVICE
PEDICURE SERVICE
A Pedicure service is necessary for the health ang well-
being of the feet. You will need all the implement,cosmetics,and
materials used for the manicuring axcept the finger board
How to do the pedicure service
1.Check your manicure/pedicure kit for the implements and
materialls to be used for pedicuring.
❖ Basin with soapy warm water
❖ Orange wood sticks
❖ Toenail nippers
❖ Emery board
❖ Manicure/pedicure towel
❖ Cuticle softener
❖ Cuticle cream
❖ Polish remover
❖ Cotton balls
❖ Nail polish
❖ Rubbing alcohol
❖ Hand lotion or foot cream
❖ Extra towels
2.Arrange the needed materials.
3.Seat the customer comfortably.
4. have the customer take off his or her shoes.
5.Place the basin with warm water ready to soak the customers
feet.
6. Soak the customer foot for 3 to 4 minutes to soften the cuticle
and do a little massage before filing and shaping the toenails.
7.The pedicurist should put a towel over his or her lap to keep
her clothes clean: Sanitize hand before beginning the pedicure.
8. Dry the left foot first with the towel holding it on your lap while
drying.
9.Remove old nails polish from the left foot first.
10.Shape the nail by filing then straight across.
11.Use a cuticle soften around the toenails.
12.Apply cuticle cream and massage it into the cuticle around the
toenail.
13.Clean under the free edge of the nail with a cotton tipped
orange wood stick.
14. Apply hand lotion or foot cream and massage the foot.
15. Dry the right foot. Repeat step 8 to 14 on the right foot.
16.Check both feet very well to ensure that the toenail are ready
for the application of a nails polish.
17.Apply base coat.
18. Apply nail polish to the toes of both feet.
19.Allow polish to dry thoroughly wait for 15 o 20 minutes before
allowing the patron to put her footwear.
20.Wash and sanitize all implements used.
FOOT MASSAGE
Below is the procedure for a satisfying foot massage.
1.Apply lotion or cream to the foot.
2.Place both thumbs on the instep, bracing the foot. Use a
rotating movement, work down to the center of the toes.
3.Slide back to the instep and repeat some movement.
4.Massage continuously until you have covered the foot
completely.
5.Hold the heel of the patron in your left hand, rotate each three
times.
6.Massage the sole of the from heel to toe by rotating in small
circles with your thumbs.
7.Slide your hand to the ankle and rotate the foot.
8.Repeat steps 1 to 7 other