Burn

Burn injuries
Are caused by exposure of the skin to a heat source for a prolonged
period of time.

Anatomy of skin:
1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
3. Subcutaneous layer

The functions of the skin:

1. Protect the body from infection and injury.
2. Prevent the loss of body fluids.
3. Regulate body temperature.
4. Provide a sense of touch and feel

Types of burn injures:

1. Chemical Injuries
2. Radiation Injuries
3. Electrical Injuries
4. Thermal Injures

Thermal injures:
1. Flam burns
2. Scald burns as splashes immersion
3. Contact burns
  Degree of burn:
1. First degree
2. Second degree
3. Third degree

First Degree
Part affected Affect only the epidermis
Characteristics Red in color
Dry in texture
Moderately painful
Healing process Usually heal within 7 days, do not
leave long-term scarring
Examples Severe sunburn
Hot liquid
Splash

Second Degree
Part affected Affect the epidermis &a portion of
the dermis
Characteristics Painful
Typically pink
Cherry red in color
Blistered skin
Healing process With proper treatment from 7 to
14 day, with minimal impairment
Examples Direct Contact with major sources
Chemicals
Flame burns
 Third Degree
Part affected Affect the epidermis and the entire
dermis
Characteristics  Painless because of level of
damage to nerve endings
 May be white, brown, black
or red in color.
Healing process Take greater than 3 weeks to heal
or need surgical intervention
Examples 1. Intense flam
2. Electrical current
3. Chemicals
4. Prolonged exposure to high
heat

Sun burn
 Sun burn: is resulting from an exposure of the skin to ultraviolet
(UV) rays found in sun light

 Accompanied with:
1. Pain (increase 1st 6 & 48 hr.)
2. Swelling
3. Even blistering

 Basic principles for treatment of burn:

1. Cool the burn site
2. Prevent further contamination
3. Keep vital fluids on site
4. Do not induce hypothermia