Matter and sustainability

First department exam, 2023

Table 8.1. Prefixes related to the length of carbon chain:
Number of Prefix Number of Prefix Number of Prefix
carbons carbons carbons
1 Meth- 11 Undec- 21 Heneicos-
2 Eth- 12 Dodec- 22 Docos-
3 Prop- 13 Tridec- 23 Tricos-
4 But- 14 Tetradec- 24 Tetracos-
5 Pent- 15 Pentadec- 25 Pentacos-
6 Hex- 16 Hexadec- 30 Triancont-
7 Hept- 17 Heptadec- 31 Hentriacont-
8 Oct- 18 Octadec- 32 Dotriacont-
9 Non- 19 Nonadec- 33 Tritriacont-
10 Dec- 20 Eicos- 34 Tetratriacont-

Table 8.2. Alkyl groups or branches

Number of Alkyl group or branch Name IUPAC name
carbons
1 CH3 methyl methyl

2 ethyl ethyl
CH2 CH3
3 CH2 CH2 CH3 propyl propil

H3C CH CH3 isopropyl (1-methylethyl)

4 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 butyl butyl

H3C CH CH2 CH3 sec-butyl (1-methylpropyl)

Isobutyl (2-methylpropyl)
CH2 CH CH3

CH3
CH3 tert-butyl (1,1-dimethylethyl)

H3C C
CH3
5 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 pentyl Pentyl

CH2 CH2 CH CH3 isopentyl (3-methylbutyl)

CH3
CH3 neopentyl (2,2-dimethylpropyl)

H3C C CH2
CH3