Unit

103 at 8 o'clock on Monday in April

at

8 o'clock O I start work at 8 o'clock.

at 10.30 O TTie shops close at 5.30.
midnight etc.

on

Sunday(s) / Monday(s) etc. O Bye! I'll see you on Friday.

on 25 April / 6 June etc O W hat do you usually do on
New Year's Day etc Sundays?
O The concert is on 22 November.

in

April/June etc I'm going on holiday in October.

in 2013/1988 e tc Emma was born in 1995.
summer/spring etc. The park is beautiful in spring.

We say:

at the weekend Are you going away at the weekend?

at night I can't sleep at night.
at Christm as Where will you be at Christmas? (but on Christmas Day)
at the end of ... I'm going on holiday at the end of October.
at the moment Are you busy at the moment?

in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening

O I always feel good in the morning.
□ Do you often go out in the evening?
but
on Monday morning / on Tuesday afternoon / on Friday evening / on Saturday night etc
O I'm meeting Jackie on Monday morning.
O Are you doing anything on Saturday night?

We do not use at/on/in before:

this ... (this morning / this week e tc)
last ... (last August / last week e tc)
n e x t... (next Monday / next week etc.)
every ... (every day / every week etc.)
O Are you going out this evening?
O We go on holiday every summer. Last summ er we
went to Canada.
O I'm leaving next Monday.
(not on next Monday)

in five minutes / in a few days / in six weeks / in two years etc.

O Hurry! The train leaves in five minutes.

(= it leaves five minutes from now)
j Bye! I'll see you in a few days.
(= a few days from now)

now in five minutes

216 ( in/on/at (places) -» Units 106-107

Unit
104 from ... to until since for
from ... to ...

O We lived in Japan from 2003 to 2010.

O I work from Monday to Friday. from Monday to Friday

You can also say from ... until

M onday Friday
O We lived in Japan from 2003 until 2010.

u n t il...

They're going away tomorrow.

Friday
They'll be away until Friday. until Friday
December
u ntil I went to bed early, but I wasn't tired.
3 o'clock
I read a book until 3 o'clock. Friday
I come back
W ait here until I come back.

You can also say till (= until):

O Wait here till I come back.

Compare:
O 'How long will you be away?' 'Until Monday.'
O 'When are you coming back?' 'On Monday.'

since + a time in the past (to now)

We use since after the present perfect (have been / have done etc.):

O Joe is in hospital. He has been

in hospital since Monday.
(= from Monday to now) since Monday
o Sue and Dave have been
married since 1998. M onday now
(= from 1998 to now)
O It has been raining since I arrived.

Compare:
O We lived in Japan from 2003 to 2010.
We lived in Japan until 2010.
O Now we live in Canada. We came to Canada in 2010.
We have lived in Canada since 2010. (= from 2010 until now)

We use for (not since) + a period of time (three days / ten years etc.):
O Joe has been in hospital for three days. (not since three days)

for + a period of time

Gary stayed with us for

three days
three days. for three days
ten years
for I'm going away for
five minutes Sunday Monday Tuesday
a few weeks.
a long time
O I'm going away for the weekend.
O They've been married for ten years.

218 ( present perfect + for/since Units 18-19 present perfect (I have lived) and past simple (I lived) Unit 20 j
 1 0 5 Abefore after during while
before, during and after

before the film during the film after the film

O Everybody feels nervous before exams.

O I fell asleep during the film.
O We were tired after our visit to the museum.

before, while and after

mggm
before we played while we were playing after we played
M M H Ih
- :
O Don't forget to close the window before you go out.
O I often fall asleep while I'm reading.
: mI : 1111 O They went home after they did the shopping.

during while and for

We use during + noun (during the film). We use while + verb (while I'm reading):
O We didn't speak during the meal.
but We didn't speak while we were eating (not during we were eating)

Use for (not during) + a period o f time (three days / two hours / a year etc.):
O We played tennis for two hours, (not during two hours)
O I lived in London for a year. (not during a year)

You can use before/after + -ing (before going / after eating etc.):
O I always have breakfast before going to work. (= before I go to work)
After doing the shopping, they went home. (= after they did)

We say before going (not before to go), after doing (not after to do) e tc .:
O Before eating the apple, I washed it carefully. (not before to eat)
G I started work after reading the newspaper. (not after to read)

past continuous (I was -ing) Units 13-14 before/after/while/when -fr Unit 98 for Unit 104
prepositions + -ing ^ Unit 112
Unit
106 in at on (places 1)
in

in a room in a garden
in a shop in a town
in a car in the city centre
in the water in Brazil

'Where's David?' In the kitchen. / In the garden. / In London.'

What's in that box / in that bag / in that cupboard?
Rachel works in a shop / in a bank / in a factory.
I went for a swim in the river / in the pool / in the sea.
Milan is in the north of Italy. Naples is in the south.
I live in a big city, but I'd like to live in the country.

at

at the bus stop at the door at the traffic lights at her desk

O There's somebody at the bus stop / at the door. at the top (of the page)
O The car is waiting at the traffic lights. n *=
0 Vicky is working at her desk.

at the top / at the bottom / at the end ( o f ...):

O W rite your name at the top of the page.
O My house is at the end of the street. at the bottom (of the page)

on

on a shelf on a wall
on a plate on a door
on a balcony on the ceiling
on the floor etc.
etc.

O There are some books on the shelf and some pictures on the wall
O There are a lot of apples on those trees.
O Don't sit on the grass. It's wet. - stamp
O There is a stamp on the envelope.

on a horse / on a bicycle / on a motorbike:

O W ho is that man on the motorbike? envelope

222 ( the top / the bottom Unit 70 at/on/in (time) Unit 103 in/at/on (places) Unit 107
Unit
107 on (places 2)
in
inbed O 'Where's Kate?' inbed.'
'She's
inhospital O David's father is ill. He's inhospital.
inthe sky O I like to look at the stars inthe sky at night.
inthe world O What's the largest city inthe world?
ina newspaper / ina book O I read about the accident inthe newspaper.
ina photo(graph) / ina picture O You look sad inthis picture.
ina car / ina taxi O Did you come here inyour car?
inthe middle (o f ...) O There's a big tree inthe middle of the garden.

at
at home O at home this evening?
Will you be
at work / at school O 'Where's Kate?' 'She's at work.'
at university / at college O Helen is studying law at university.
at the station / at the airport O I'll meet you at the station, OK?
at Lisa's (house) / at my sister's (house) / O a : Where were you yesterday?
at the doctor's / at the hairdresser's b: At my sister's.
etc.
O I saw Tom at the doctor's.
at a concert / at a party / at a football O There weren't many people at the party.
match etc.

Often it is possible to use inor at for buildings (hotels, restaurants etc.):

O We stayed at a nice hotel, or We stayed ina nice hotel.

on

ona bus on the first floor

on a bus / on a train / ona plane / O Did you come here onthe bus?
on a ship
on the ground floor / on the first floor O The office is on the first floor.
etc.
on the way (to ...) / on the way home O I met Anna onthe way to work / onthe way home.

224 ( in/at/on (places) 4 Unit 106 to/in/at Unit 108 on the left/right Unit 109
Unit
108 to in at (places 3)
to in/at (-» Units 106-107)

go/come/return/walk (etc) to be/stay/do something (e tc) in

IN
TO LONDON f LONDON
LONDON

We're going to London on Sunday. Piccadilly Circus is in London.

I want to go to Italy next year. My brother lives in Italy.
We walked from my house to the The main shops are in the centre of
centre of town. town.
O W hat time do you go to bed? O I like reading in bed.

be/stay/do something (etc.) a t ...

I
A IR P O R T !
4 km
AKPOItr

O The bus is going to the airport. O The bus is at the airport.

O Karen didn't go to work yesterday. O Sarah wasn't at work yesterday.
O I went to a party last night. O I met a lot of people at the party.
O You must come to our house. O Helen stayed at her brother's house

home

go/come/walk (e tc) home (w ithout to): be/stay/do something (etc.) at home:

O I'm tired. I'm going home. I'm staying at home tonight.
(not to home) Dan doesn't work in an office.
O Did you walk home? He works at home.

arrive and get

arrive in a country or town (arrive in Italy / arrive in Paris etc.):

They arrived in this country last week. (not arrived to this country)

arrive at other places (arrive at the station / arrive at work etc.):

W hat time did you arrive at the hotel? (not arrive to the hotel)

get to (a place):
W hat time did you get to the hotel?
O W hat time did you get to Paris?

get home / arrive home (no preposition).

I was tired when I got home, or I was tired when I arrived home.

226 ( been to -» Unit 17 get (to ...) ^ Unit 56 in/at -» Units 106-107
Unit
1 0 9 Aunder, behind, opposite etc
next to / beside / between / in front of / behind

A is next to B. or A is beside B.
B is between A and C.
D is in front of B.
A! b! • n E is behind B.

also
A is on the left.
C is on the right.
B is in the middle (of the group).

opposite / in front of

A is sitting in front of E
A is sitting opposite C.
C is sitting opposite A.

by (= next to / beside)

O O ur house is by the sea. (= beside the sea)

O W ho is that man standing by the window?
O If you feel cold, why don't you sit by the fire?

by the window

under

rtf
O The cat is under the table.
O The girl is standing under a tree.
O I'm wearing a jacket under my coat.

under the table

above and below

A is above the line. g g jjjg r . : The pictures are

A (= higher than the line) above the shelves.

B is below the line. The shelves are

B
(= lower than the line) m i M R below the pictures.

228 ( up/over/through etc. -» Unit 110 by ■» Unit 111

Unit
110 up, over, through etc.
O Jane is going to France next week.
to from
O We walked from the hotel to the station.

I
O A lot of English words come from Latin.

O We jum ped into the water.

O A man came out of the house and got
into a car.
O W hy are you looking out of the window?
O I took the old batteries out of the radio.
into (in) out of
We say put something in ... (not usually into):
O I put new batteries in the radio.

O Don't put your feet on the table.

on
O
O
Please take your feet off the table.
I'm going to hang some pictures on the wall.
cv
O Be careful! Don't fall off your bike.
O We got on the bus in Princes Street. off

\ u p | O We walked up the hill to the house. ^ o w n |

O Be careful! Don't fall down the stairs.

over O The plane flew over the mountains.

O I jum ped over the wall into the garden.
O Some people say it is unlucky to walk under
a ladder.

O A bird flew into the room through a round

window.
O The old road goes through the village.
O The new road goes round the village.
O The bus stop is just round the corner.
O I walked round the town and took
some photographs.

You can also use around (= round):

O We walked around the town. round the town

along O I was walking along the road with my dog.

O Let's go for a walk along the river.
O The dog swam across the river.

O They walked past me without speaking.

O a: Excuse me, how do I get to the hospital? hospital
b: Go along this road, past the cinema, cinema
under the bridge and the hospital is on
past the left.
bridge

( get in/on etc. Unit 56 in/on Units 106-107 to Unit 108 fall off / run away etc. Unit 114 )