Running head: ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS 1

School-Based Environmental Educational Program: The Effects on Students'

Environmental Awareness

Villaceran, Lyca F

Dela Cruz, Stephanie Jane

Paglinawan, Nina Khayezelle P.

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

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Table of Contents

Title Pages .............................................................................................................…….1i

Table of Contents .................................................................................................……..i2i

Introduction .................................................................................................................…98

Research Objectives .......................................................................................….109

Hypothesis ......................................................................................................…10

Significance of the Study…….………………………………………………...100

Scope and Limitations …………………………..........................................….100

Method ......................................................................................................................….121

Type of Research ...........................................................................................…121

Respondents ...................................................................................................…121

Sampling Method ...........................................................................................…121

Data Collection Procedure ..............................................................................…132

Ethical Considerations ..................................................................................…..132

Data Analysis .................................................................................................….143

References ...............................................................................................................…..16

Instruments....................................................................................................….2018

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School-Based Environmental Education Program: The Effects on Students'

Environmental Awareness

With many more issues of the environment such as environmental

conservation, climate changes, pollution, and depletion of natural resources today

cropping on the tip of every tongue, there arises the need for more education and

awareness of environmental conservation for college students. More knowledge and

more vision of the environment in the form of program level at the local school

doors the ways into them attaining more knowledge in this area.

Usually, these programs on environmental education in schools focus on the

schools acting as a reference point in terms of environmental issues and preparing

the students to be responsible members of society in the management of the

environment. Therefore, these school-based environmental education programs

intend to equip the learners with skills and knowledge to understand and remove

the environment.

As reported by Reyes in the study "Environmental Attitudes and Behaviors in

the Philippines" (2014), the attitudinal dimensions, trends, and strong predictors of

public and private behavior in the Philippines during the last two decades have

shown, if not dropped, as seen from the data provided in the environment modules

of the International Social Survey Program for 1993, 2000, and 2010. The same

variables that have consistently been found to predict negative attitudes have been

isolated here: perceptions of certain environmental problems and fatalism. As per

the study, it has been found that environmental-based behaviors among Filipinos

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have not improved in the last two decades. The study also pointed out the significant

indicators associated with educating oneself like driving less, signing petitions,

donating money, joining groups, and participating in public protests for the

environment.

Gonzaga (2016) supported this idea in a study entitled "Awareness and

Practices in Green Technology of Students," where it was considered, and the level

of awareness and practice in green technology was looked at, by a sample of

Bachelor of Education students from the Philippines Visayas Normal University.

Relationship of the selected respondents' demographic and personal characteristics

to the main variables of the study including sex, community, academic standing,

secondary school, and family income. In this research, it can be found that the level

of awareness among the participants is moderate, however, green technology

practices are to a low extent among the participants. There is a positive relationship

between the level of awareness and the extent of practices obtained from the

responses. This paper recommended coming up with a thorough program that

juxtaposes the concepts and applications of embracing green technology in college

education in a way that fully engages the active students in advocating for the

sustainability of the environment.

On this very point, Marpa and Juele (2016) in their result entitled

"Environmental Awareness and Practices of High School Students: Basis for

Disaster Preparedness Program," elaborated that the effects of climate change,

global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, pollution, extinction of certain species,

and desertification must all be tracked in societies for it to be enlightened. The worst

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disasters in the world are taking place. People are undergoing stress due to abrupt

changes in the weather. The United States heats the world and demolishes oceans

and other bodies of water. The inhabitants, meaning the people of the world and our

mother Earth, are reeling now because of the unsoundness in Earth and waste

management.

This paper addressed the problem of studying environmental awareness and

practice among high school students. There is sufficient prenatal education and

counseling involved, a focus on healthy habits, and counseling for environmental

conditions. The research centered on the problem leads to the reason for low

potency by some authors. Recommendable directives are given to mitigate the

problem.

Correspondingly, Grimmette (2014) recognized the effects of environmental

problems on youth and suggested In that research, two question messages—

substantial positive endorsement message to train youths in environmental idea

education programs message such as setting up environmental awareness, creating

association to the environment, moving the minds of youths, and opinions of youths

—were noted to feature significant positive impacts while environmental education

resulted in a significant negative. Three programs in the curriculum the children

will be involved in at camp are human influence on the water cycle, the importance

that animals hold for human beings, and time to disburse for mending the problems

that are coming up in nature.

Through the integration of environmental education in the curriculum of all

school levels, an excessive influence on the understanding, practices, and attitudes of

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students toward environmental protection can be attained. It would be a great help

for the students to distinguish indications on how to exercise environmental

sustainability and conservation with proper environmental teaching (Raman, 2016).

This study aims to determine the environmental awareness level of the

participants, their extent of environmental practice towards environmental issues,

and the relationship between their level of awareness and extent of practice on four

environmental themes, and to build a basis for the proposed environmental

education program in the school.

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Environmental awareness is important to people because it allows them to be

aware of what is happening in society. Moreover, some people are aware enough of

environmental awareness, yet they do not obey the rules and regulations. Therefore, in

order for them to be aware this study assess their knowledge about environmental

awareness. In the event that climate change happens, people have knowledge of what

they will do and what they should not do. This research will be able to share

environmental awareness with people.

In the era of globalization, it seems that people must face a lot of social upheavals

and dilemmas in the environment. This underlines the fact that Rogayan (2019) reiterated

the statement that earth reels from afflictions at present, too many due to human being’s

egregious activities. Everybody needs to take up the challenge to finally take the wheel of

action and move towards a common cause: preserving life on earth.

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

coordinated several activities in the field of Education for Sustainable Development,

which made their declaration that education is 'an indispensable tool to achieve

sustainable development' valid.

Environmental education is a process aimed at developing a world population that is

aware of and concerned about the total environment and its associated problems and

which has the knowledge. "Attitudes, commitments, and skills toward working both

collectively and individually come to getting a solution for today's problems and

preventing new ones in the future" (Jain & Raghunathan, 2017; Puri & Joshi, 2017). As

such, under the provision of RA 9512 (2008), it is therefore but natural for the

Department of Education (DepEd), the Commission on Higher Education, or CHED, the

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Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), and a host of other

agencies that include the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR),

the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), and others to take the lead in

championing public education and awareness , concerns, and issues of environmental

protection and conservation, in particular, the technical and scientific aspects—though in

closer consultation and cooperation with environment experts and academia—at all

levels, to ensure effective inter-agency and multi-sectoral collaborative mechanis

ms.

In study of Ablak and Yeşiltaş (2020), In order to balance everything in this earth.

The balance in natural environment is made by the relationship between living things and

their physical environement. there is order and balance in everything that exists on earth.

In this order and balance, it is impossible not to mention the natural environment. The

balance in the natural environment is made possible by the relationship between living

things and their physical environment. However, the increase of human activity on Earth

increase that brought a changes in balance that exist in the natural environment. has

brought about changes in the balance that exists in the natural environment over time. In

fact, since its existence, the environment has offered all its possibilities to people.

However, the increase in people's aspirations and expectations in life have also affected

their approach towards the environment.

Due to developing technology, people should start to change the balance in the

environment to increase their well-being.human beings have started to change the balance

in the environment to increase their own well-being. It is important to realize that

environmental awareness has majorly been pointed out in the literature as concern with

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the awareness of the impacts of man's behavior on the environment, awareness of impacts

of behavior on the environment, and awareness on the need for conservation of existing

resources (Ham, et al. 2016). Human behaviors are all activities that affect the

environment, location, and the surrounding. This may do within the ambits of the homes

and schools, or the broadway up to the streets. It may be an exorbitant use of the natural

resources, such as energy, not taking good care of nature, and being polluted, among

other ways that clearly show negligence in environmental and natural resources

conservation. Environmental education is preparing the children to have a successful

entry into the manifestation of various resources the environment holds.

Environmental education is expected to take a central role in inculcating good

attitudes in the child towards the environment and its endowed natural wealth (Buldur &

Ömeroglu, 2018; Muldoon et al., 2019). Much of the literature cites this to be true,

frequently referring to the positive environmental education that is available for use in

affecting the positive environmental education and experiences of children at an early age

(Ardoin et al., 2018). It is believed that environmental awareness is expected to take its

shape in the life aspect of the child during his or her first years. Therefore, children's

families and schools take the largest proportions in training children how best to adapt to

living in the most optimal and correct way. Therefore, through such efforts, the upcoming

generation will gain a sense of responsibility over all the occurring environmental

problems (Samur, 2018). "Environmental awareness is an important skill to teach because

it would shape future behavior, whereby the children are sensitive to the environment and

already work together toward environmental conservation" (Buldur & Ömeroğlu, 2018).

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According to Hanisch et al. (2014), environmental awareness is very important

for environmental management as well as the protection of living organisms. According

to Agarwal (2018), environmental sustainability may be achieved when environmental

awareness is performed in an integrated manner by all elements of the population, such as

scientists, engineers, and other communities. According to Wan et al. (2014), one with a

higher education tends to have a better understanding and awareness of the environment

compared to one with a lower education. Meanwhile, Pera et al. (2018) found that local

issues would be more influential in the construction of pro-environmental behavior than

regional or national issues. The integration of environmental issues in one area can

improve education and be translated into positive environmental behavior. According to

Agarwal (2018), in a purely sense of environmental sustainability, the component of

doing it holistically at all the elements of the people, such as scientists and engineers,

only comes in the overemphasis on environmental education to study as a whole will

include in the curricula of all these levels of school will how the excessive influence on

understanding, practices, and attitude on environmental protection drains through

students. This will help them attain skills in the practice of distinguishing signs of how to

practice environmental sustainability and conservation through proper environmental

teaching (Raman, 2016). Hanisch et al. (2014) explain that environmental awareness is

very important for environmental management as well as the protection of the living

organism. Agarwal (2018) states that environmental sustainability may be achieved when

environmental awareness is performed in an integrated manner by all elements of the

people, such as the scientists, engineers, and other communities. Wan et al. (2014) argue

that one with a higher education tends to have a better understanding and awareness of

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the environment, compared to one with lower education. Meanwhile, Pena et al. (2018)

found that local issues would be more influential in the construction of pro-environmental

behavior than the regional or national issues would be.

The integration of environmental issues in one area can improve education and be

translated to positive environmental behavior. Agarwal (2018) says that in a purely sense

of environmental sustainability, the component of doing it holistically at all the elements

of the people, such as scientists and engineers, only comes in. The overemphasis on

environmental education to study as a whole will include in the curricula of all these

levels of school will how the excessive influence on understanding, practices, and attitude

on environmental protection drains through students. This will help them attain skills on

the practice of distinguishing signs of how to practice environmental sustainability and

conservation through proper environmental teaching (Raman, 2016).

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Input Process Output Outcome

Survey Gather survey Seminar Gain knowledge

questions questionnaire Tree Planting about
Pre test and Post data Waste environmental
Test data Compare Pre- Segregation challenge.
test and Post-test Heightened
result exposure to
environmental

Figure 1: The Paradigm of the study

Research Objectives

1. How may the students’ environmental awareness can be described?

1.1 Students following rules in waste segregation

1.2 Students tree planting practices.

2. Information for students about environmental awareness.

2.1 Program

2.2 Seminar

3. Students recycling the plastic bottles and selling used paper for school funds.

4. Assessment of knowledge: What extent do students demonstrate and understanding of

key environment issue and concepts?

5. Perception of Environment Values: How students perceive the importance of

environmental conservation and sustainability in their daily lives?

6. Behavioral Changes: In what ways do students modify their behaviors to align with

environmentally friendly practices?

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7. Emotional Connection to Nature: To what degree do students develop a sense of

emotion connection or responsibility toward the environment?

8. How may students cope with the environmental awareness can be described?

Hypothesis

This research will be guided and tested by the following:

1. There is no significant relationship between students and environmental awareness.

Scope and Limitations

This study is about Environmental Awareness of Students in San Ildefonso

National High School. It aims to analyze the relationship between students attitudes

towards Environmental conservation. The respondents of this study the grade 11 and 12

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Students in San Ildefonso

National High School, and we will conduct this in San Ildefonso National High School

garden.

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Method

Type of Research

The Action research method will be utilized in this study. The Descriptive-

Correlational and Mixed Method type of research design will be used to evaluate the

Effects on students behavior of San Ildefonso National High School Grade 12- STEM

Students and its relation of their awareness in environmental issues.

Respondents

The selected grade 12-STEM students of San Ildefonso National High School, at

Barangay Poblacion, San Ildefonso, Bulacan served as the respondents of this study. The

respondents are grade 12-STEM students in order for them to enhance their

environmental awareness.

Sampling Method

Purposive sampling technique will be employed in selecting the researchers’

participants. The Senior High School students in San Ildefonso National High School

specially the grade 12-STEM students are the chosen subjects for this study. Criterion-

referenced tests will be employed in selecting the research participants. In criterion-

referenced tests compare a person’s knowledge or skills against a predetermined

standard, learning goals and performance level. The researchers utilized criterion-

referenced tests. The sampling technique mentioned was used to determine the effects of

environmental awareness in students. The researchers will determined the effects based

on the result of students’ attitude enhancement towards environmental awareness. The

first criteria of the study is that the students should be enrolled in San Ildefonso National

High School, second, students should know what is the simple rules and regulation about

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environmental awareness, lastly student participants should have degrees of quality for

training assessment.

Data Collection Procedure

In conducting this research study, the researcher equipped different research

instruments such as program and survey questionnaire. The constructed instruments are

adapted from the other study and a modified version. The researchers will enlightened

and asked permission to the school head specifically the principal before conducting the

data gathering procedure. Moreover, as soon as the permission was granted and the

approval was given, researchers will proceed in gathering the appropriate population of

the respondents which is the STEM students in San Ildefonso National High School.

The researchers will use an orientation to provide a background or previous

providing the respondents with information regarding the various instruments, including

test questionnaires, to which they will be answering The respondents will be were also

given background information by the researchers regarding the study's purpose and topic.

Ethical Considerations

Prior to conducting this research study, researchers observed the highest ethical

standards. In addition, the researcher inquired approval from the school principal and

school management of San Ildefonso National High School. This was to guarantee that

the researchers are allowed to use the STEM students that currently enrolled at San

Ildefonso National High School as their research participants or respondents. Once the

researchers are permitted and endorsed for approval, the researchers will organize an

orientation with the respondents to discuss the objectives of the study.

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The researchers are required to secure all the provided information of the

respondents. Therefore collected data will be treated with complete confidentiality. The

study's coding and decoding procedure involved separating the names from the

responses. The researchers also take into account various aspects including religion,

physical and mental abilities. The researchers ensured the anonymity and confidentiality

of all participants at different phases of the investigation. Since the study looks for the

respondents' personal information, prior consent from the respondents will be requested.

All stored data will be removed and destroyed after the completion of this study. All

provided information will be kept anonymously by the researchers.

Data Analysis

Once the data collection process is finished, the collected data from various

research instruments such as the program will undergone data analysis process. In this

portion of the study, gathered data or information from the respondents will be examined,

tabulated, tallied, and analyzed. This will be accomplished by utilizing the Descriptive

and Inferential Statistics.

The Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage will be utilized to

describe the respondent’s demographic profile in terms of environmental awareness. The

mean, standard deviation and percentage was used to describe the effects on STEM

students’ of the environmental awareness.

The researchers will use Chi-square as their research method for them to find if

there is any significant relationship between students and environmental awareness.

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References

Agarwal, S., (2018). Environmental biotechnology. New Delhi: APH Publishing

Corporation

Aprilia Hartami. (2018). Designing a persuasive game to raise environmental awareness

among children : a design science research. Master’s Thesis, University of Oulu,

Finland. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Designing-a-persuasive-game-

to-raise-environmental-Hartami/7da51dedfeed7fff80509eb8038a64b88dd073f2?

utm_source=direct_link

Ardoin, N. M., Bowers, A. W., Roth, N. W., & Holthuis, N. (2017). Environmental

education and K-12 student outcomes: A review and analysis of research. The

Journal of Environmental Education, 49(1), 1–17.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.2017.1366155

Buldur, A., & Omeroglu, E. (2018). An Examination of the Relationship between Pre-

school Children’s and Their Teachers’ Attitudes and Awareness towards the

Environment. Journal of Education and Learning, 7(2), 221.

https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v7n2p221

Ham, M., Dajana Mrčela, & Horvat, M. (2016). INSIGHTS FOR MEASURING

ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access

Journals), 29(1), 159–176. https://hrcak.srce.hr/ojs/index.php/ekonomski-

vjesnik/article/view/3661

Hanisch, A., Rank, A., & Seeber, G. (2014). How Green are European Curricula? A

Comparative Analysis of Primary School Syllabi in Five European Countries.

European Educational Research Journal, 13(6), 661–682.

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https://doi.org/10.2304/eerj.2014.13.6.661

Joshi, R., & Puri, K. (2017). Ecoclubs: An Effective Tool to Educate Students on

Biodiversity Conservation. Biodiversity International Journal, 1(5).

https://doi.org/10.15406/bij.2017.01.00028

Muldoon, R., Shelford, T., Holland, O., & Hryciw, D. H. (2019). Environmental

Awareness of Primary School Aged Children in Brisbane, Australia. International

Journal of Innovation in Science and Mathematics Education, 27(2).

https://doi.org/10.30722/ijisme.27.02.003

Öztürk Samur, A. (2018). A Comparison of 60-72 Month Old Children s Environmental

Awareness and Attitudes: TEMA Kids Program. Lnternational Electronic Journal

of Elementary Education, 10(4), 413–419.

https://doi.org/10.26822/iejee.2018438131

Pena, P. N. D., Macale, A. M., & Largo, N. N. (2018). Environmental awareness and pro-

environmental behaviors of high school students in Los Baños, Laguna. Journal

of Nature Studies, 17(1), 56-67

https://www.journalofnaturestudies.org/files/JNS17-1/56-67_dela

%20Pena_Environmental%20Awareness%20Pro-environmental.pdf

Raman, R. A. (2016). Attitudes and Behavior of Ajman University of Science and

Technology Students Towards the Environment. IAFOR Journal of Education,

4(1). https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.4.1.04

Rogayan, D. V. (2019). I Heart Nature: Perspectives of University Students on

Environmental Stewardship. International Journal of Engineering Science and

Technology, 1(1), 10–16.

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Wan, M. & Toppinen, A. & Chen, J., (2014). Consumers’ environmental awareness

towards children’s furniture in Shanghai and Shenzhen, China. Scandinavian

Forest Economics: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Scandinavian

Society of Forest Economics,

2014(45), 1-9. 10.22004/ag.econ.199239

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APPENDIX A

STUDENTS PRACTICES ON SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Name (Optional) :
Grade Level & Section:

Direction: Kindly Select the answer that best to represents how you follow the proper
waste segregation. Choose in correspondence to your answer based on the scale-
interpretation below.

Scale Interpretation
5 Always
4 Frequent
3 Sometimes
2 Seldom/Rarely
1 Never

CONCIOUS CONSUMPTION AND 5 4 3 2 1

SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT
1 I reuse the paper for lecture notes.
2 I take print on both side of a paper.
3 I did check the preview of document in
computer before printing.
4 I often sent e-mail instead of hard copy output.
5 I prefer to read the document on computer
instead of the taking its print on paper.

WASTE, RECYCLING AND 5 4 3 2 1

SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT
1 I throw the used batteries in waste collection
boxes
2 I use rechargeable batteries instead of
disposable batteries.
3 I prefer to use long lasting product
(rechargeable batteries, cloth bags) for
sustainable environment instead of disposable
products.
4 I would avoid using plastic bags.
5 I prefer to use easily-soluble bags rather than
plastic bags
6 I pay attention to water consumption when
using the sink and toilet.
7 I try to protect the environment by using the

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least number of paper towels.

8 I throw the garbage to dustbins before leaving
that place and not leaving any trash.
9 I throw the plastic, metal Plastic, metal and
paper to separate recycling boxes.

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APPENDIX B

Name (Optional)
Grade Level & Section:

Direction: Kindly Select the answer that best to represents how you follow the proper
waste segregation. Choose in correspondence to your answer based on the scale-
interpretation below.

ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS 5 4 3 2 1
QUESTIONS
1 Do you think that working of governmental
and non-governmental organizations of our
country is sufficient with respect to
environment?
2 Do you think that young people should have a
good environmental awareness for sustainable
environment?
3 Have you attended any project or seminar to
acknowledge the environmental awareness?
4 Is it necessary for all university students to
take subject related to environmental awareness?
5 I always show my best efforts to prevent
pollution of the environment and show
awareness.
6 I think the choice of public transport is
important for a sustainable environment.
7 Do you think it is necessary for a sustainable
environment to get your bills electronically?
8 Do you see that promotions of renewable
energy resources are necessary for sustainable
environment?
9 I see that energy saving is important
for sustainable environment.
10 Is recycling of waste is important for the
protection of the environment and natural
resources.
11 Do you think that collection of waste in
separate dustbins is important for a sustainable
environment?

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12 Is there enough separate collection dustbins

(plastic, metal, etc.) in the buildings of our
university?

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