Group

Presentation
Rida Hussain
Mahmood Sami
Manahil Basir
Aisha Habib
 six aspects of the
general language
arbitrariness:
According to George Yule Arbitrariness in language refer to lack
of inherent connection between linguistics forms And there
meanings.
 Slide 2
it is a fundamental principal In linguistic, highlighting the
conventional nature of language.
 Slide 3:
displacement
displacement refers to According to george yule
the phenomenon where it is ability of language to
a morpheme or a talk about things that are
grammatical element can not present in the
be moved or shifted immediate environment
from its typical position or time.
within a word or a
sentence.
 Slide 4:
Creativity
Creativity means making new things or ideas. It's about thinking in different ways to come up
with something original or unique. When someone is creative, they can make something
special or solve problems in interesting ways. It's like using your imagination to make
something cool or different
 Slide 5:
Openness means being open to new ideas, experiences,
and ways of thinking. It's about being willing to listen to
others, try new things, and explore the world around you
without judging or closing yourself off. When someone is
open, they are curious and accepting of different
perspectives, which can lead to growth, learning, and
understanding. It's like having an open door to new
possibilities and opportunities.
slide 6:Recursion • Introduction:
Recursion allows phrases to expand by adding more phrases within themselves.

• Definition:
Recursion means phrases can keep getting longer by adding more phrases within themselves.

• Example:
⁠"A friend" becomes "a friend of mine," then "friend of a friend of mine."

• Limitless Possibilities:
No Limits: In recursion there's no limit to how long sentences can get. Sentences can keep growing as more phrases
are added.

For example:
- John’s sister
- John’s sister’s friend
- John’s sister’s friend’s brother
- John’s sister’s friend’s brother’s piano teacher.
 Slide 7:
Understanding
Duality in
Language:
Definition: Duality means signs, like words, have two parts: a
meaningful part and a meaningless part.

• Introduction:
Duality is the characteristic of linguistic signs that have a
two-part structure, combining meaningful and meaningless
parts.
 Slide 8:
Examples
In the word "pot," the word itself is meaningful, while the individual
sounds like "p," "o," and "t" are meaningless on their own.

• More examples:
In the words “bin” and “nib” the words itself are meaningul but the
sounds “b” “i” “n” are meaningless on their own.
 slide 9: grammatically

Grammaticality is a fundamental concept in

linguistics that addresses the question of
whether a given utterance is correct according to
the rules and structures of a particular
language.
 slide 10: for example

In English, the sentence "She is going to the

store is grammatically correct.
Slide 11:dialectal variation
Variation in dialects can be
challenging in determining
gramaticality.What may be
grammatical in one dialect may
not be considered grammatical
in another.
Slide 12:Importance of
Grammaticality:
1) generally clear for speakers
and listeners to understand each
other.
2) Essential for clear and
effective communication.
Slide 13:Cultural
transmission
According to George Yule cultural transmission
refers to the process by which a language is
passed down from one generation to the next
within a particular community or culture. This
includes not only the transmission of
vocabulary and grammar rules but also the
social and cultural norms within the language.
Cultural transmission highlights the dynamic
relationship between language and culture.
 Slide 14:
importance
1) How individuals acquire language.
2) Observing different communities
using different dialects, accents and
slangs which are transmitted through
generations.
Slide 15: Examples of
cultural transmission
1) Cultural rituals and
ceremonies transmitted through
language
2) Historical narratives and
collective memories preserved
in language.
Thank
you