Skeletal System

Page | 1 Subscribe Youtube Channel :- https://bit.ly/3pZEj4m The Winners Institute Indore

Download Winners App :-https://bit.ly/3jGfBlP Contact Number - 9009335533
 Skeletal System
The skeletal system constitules hard internal living or non-living parts that form the
supporting framework of the body. Some basic functions of the skeletal system are
providing shape to the body, supporting framework, protection to delicate and vital organs,
mireral and fat storage, attachment of muscles and making body an intergrated unit.

Endoskeleton of Man (206 bones)

Originally human skeleton consists of 270 bones, which are fused to become 206.
Out of these, 6 bones occurs as ear ossicles. The 206 bones are divided into axial and
appendicle skeleton.

Fact file
 Longest bone Femur

 Strongest bone Mandible (lower jaw)

 Smallest bone Stapes (in middle ear)

 Cells found in bones Osteoblasts

Joints
A bone joint is the junction of two bones. The Study of such jointed is known as
arthrology. Joints are of following types.
1. Fixed or Immovable Joints No movement occurs in the bones of such joints.Example
bones of skull.
2. Semimmovable joints Such joints allow little movement of bones.Example joints
between centra of 2 vertebra.
3. Movable or Synovial joints these are perfect joints and allow free movement in one or
more directions. These are of following types:
i. Pivot joints:- One of the two bones is fixed and Bears a peg like process over which
the other bone rotales. Such joints are found between atlas and axis vertebrae and
between radius and ulna.

Page | 2 Subscribe Youtube Channel :- https://bit.ly/3pZEj4m The Winners Institute Indore

Download Winners App :-https://bit.ly/3jGfBlP Contact Number - 9009335533
 Skeletal System
ii. Ball and Socket Joints:- The head of one bone fitting with the socket of the other
bone and allowing free movements in all planes. Examples:- Shoulder joint and hip
joint.
iii. Hinge Joints It allows the movement only inone plane. Example elblow joint and
knee joint .
iv. Gliding Joints:- These joints permits sliding of one bone over the other. For
example, joints between radio – ulna and carpals.

Muscles

Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal muscle are also called straited muscles. These are mostly attached to bones
and takes part inj moving them. They bring about voluntary movements under conscious
congtrol of the brain. Therefore, they are called voluntary muscles.

The mechanism of muscle contraction was given by A.F. Huxley in the sliding
filament theory, which was confirmed by electron microscope studies. According to this
theroy, during muscle contraction actin filament slide inward on myosin filament of A –
band. Myofibrils (proteinaceous fibrils) are contractile elements of muscle fibre. Sarcomere
are the contractile units of mycofibrils. During muscle contraction chemical energy is
converted into mechanical energy. Energy for muscle contraction is provided by ATP.
Tendon Tendons are thin and strong thread like structures which connects muscles
to bones.
Ligament there are tissuse which connects a bone to another bone.
Fatigue It is inability of a muscle to contract due to depletion of its chemicals and
lactic acid accumulation.

Fact File

 Gout Accumulation of uric dadd crystals in joints leading to painful movements.

 Osteoporosis It is the loss of bone/ density due to excessive absorption of calcium
and phosphorus from the above.
 Gluteus maximus muscle is the largest
 Stapedius of stapes us the smallest muscle.
 Strongest muscle is massetors of jaw
Muscle contraction of shortest duration occurs in eye-lids.

Page | 3 Subscribe Youtube Channel :- https://bit.ly/3pZEj4m The Winners Institute Indore

Download Winners App :-https://bit.ly/3jGfBlP Contact Number - 9009335533
 Skeletal System
PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. कॉलर की हडडी को ककस नाम से जाना जाता 5. अक्षीय कंकाल में ककतनी हड्डडयां होती हैं?
है ? How many bones does the axial
skeleton have?
Collar bone is known as – (a) 80 (b) 206
(a) कोरै कााँइड /Coracoid (c) 126 (d) 74
(b) स्केप्यल
ु ा/Scapula
6. एपें डडकुलर कंकाल के सभी घटक हे , मसिाय –
(c) पटे ला/Patella
All the following are components of
(d) क्लेविकल/Clavicle appendicular skeleton except:
(a) Femur /किमर
2. ननम्न में से ककसमे संचलन संभि है लेककन
(b) Clavicle /क्लेविकल
गमन नही?
(c) Pelvic bone /पेल्विक हड्डी
In which of the following movement is
possible but not locomotion? (d) Vertebrae /िेटीब्रे
(a) हाइड्रा / hydra
7. मानि िरीर में , ग्रीिा किेरुक की संख्या है -
(b) पैरामममियम / paramecium
In the human body, the number of
(c) मनुष्य / human cervical vertebrae is –
(d) पेड़ / tree (a) 7 (b) 12
(c) 5 (d) 26

3. मानि खोपड़ी में ककतनी हड्डडयां मौजूद होती

8. मानि िरीर में कुल पेमियों की संख्या ककतनी
हैं?
है ?
How many bones are present in human
Total number of muscles in our body
skull?
is–
(a) 12 (b) 22
(a) 106 (b) 206
(c) 32 (d) 42
(c) 423 (d) 639

4. ननम्नमलखखत में से कौन सी मानि िरीर की

9. मानि हड्डी का मुख्य घटक क्या है ?
सबसे लंबी हड्डी है ? What is the main constituent of the
Which of the following is the longest human bone?
bone in human body? (a) आयरन/Iron
(a) कंधे की हड्डी / Shoulder bone
(b) िॉस्िोरस/Phosphorus
(b) बााँह की कलाई की हड्डी / Forearm
(c) कैल्वियम /Calcium
bone
(d) ल्जंक /Zinc
(c) छाती की हड्डी / Chest bone
(d) जांघ की हड्डी / Femur bone

Page | 4 Subscribe Youtube Channel :- https://bit.ly/3pZEj4m The Winners Institute Indore

Download Winners App :- https://bit.ly/3jGfBlP Contact Number - 9009335533
 Skeletal System
10. मानि िरीर में आपको ककस जगह पर 14. कंकाल पेिी और हड्डी को आपस में जोड़ने
कल्ष्िका (Hyoid) अल्स्ि ममलेगी? िाला ऊतक है –
At which place in the human body Tissue which connects skeletal muscle
would you find the hyoid bone? and bone together is –
(a) छाती /Chest (a) तंत्रिका | nerve
(b) कूवहा /Hips (b) मलगामें ट / ligament
(c) गदद न /Neck (c) टं डन /tendon
(d) घुटना/Knee (d) इनमे से कोई नही / none of these

11. ननम्नमलखखत में से ककसे आम तौर पर मोच 15. मानि िरीर में मेखला की संख्या ककतनी है -
कहा जाता है ? What is number of girdles in human
body –
Which of the following is generally
(a) 14 (b) 8
called a Sprain?
(c) 6 (d) 4
(a) स्नायु आंस/ू Muscle tear
(b) टखने का जोड़ /Ankle joint 16. कापदवस और मेटाकापदवस हमारे ___ की
(c) ग्रीनल्स्टक फ्रैक्चर / Greenstick fracture हड्डडयााँ हैं
(d) मलगामें ट को खींचना / Pulling of the Carpels and Meta carpels are the
ligament bones of our-
(a) चेहरे / face (b) खोपड़ी / skull
12. उवना एक हड्डी है जो इसमें पाई जाती- (c) हाि / hand (d) पैर / leg
Ulna is a bone found in the-
(a) भुजा/Arms 17. मानि खोपड़ी में चेहरे की हड्डडयों की संख्या
(b) पैर/Legs ककतनी होती है ?
(c) खोपड़ी/Skull How many facial bones are there in the
human skull?
(d) छाती /chest (a) 8 (b) 14
(c) 29 (d) 6
13. ननम्नमलखखत में से कौन सा मनष्ु यों में बॉल
एिं सॉकेट जोड़ का एक उदाहरण है ? 18. ननम्नमलखखत में से कौन सा जोड़ केिल ददिा
Which of the following is an example of में चल सकता है ?
Ball and Socket joint in humans? Which of the following joints can move
(a) कलाई का जोड़/Wrist Joint in only one direction?
(b) कूवहे का जोड़ /Hip Joint (a) बॉल और सॉकेट जॉइंट / Ball and
Socket joint
(c) उं गली का जोड़ /Finger Joint
(b) दहन्ज जॉइंट /Hinge joint
(d) गदद न का जोड़/Neck Joint
(c) ग्लाइडडंग जॉइंट /Gliding joint
(d) वपिोट जॉइंट/Pivot joint

Page | 5 Subscribe Youtube Channel :- https://bit.ly/3pZEj4m The Winners Institute Indore

Download Winners App :- https://bit.ly/3jGfBlP Contact Number - 9009335533
 Skeletal System
19. ___ कारण अल्स्ियां अधधक किोर होती हैं – 23. ननम्न में से कौन-सा एक हमारे पैर (पश्च
Bones are very hard due to – पाद) की हड़ी नही हैं?
(a) मैग्नीमियम लिण / magnesium salt Which bone among the following is not
(b) कैल्वसयम लिण / calcium salt of our leg (hind limb)?
(a) स्िेनोयड/ sphenoid
(c) साडडयम लिण / sodium salt
(b) टीत्रबया / tibia
(d) कोंड्राइदटन लिण / chondroitin salt
(c) किमर Temur
20. घुटनों की हड्डी का दस
ू रा नाम क्या है ? (d) किबुला / fibula
The other name for knee cap is –
(a) पटे ला / Patella 24. एक ननल्श्चत (अचल) संयुक्त कहााँ ल्स्ित है ?
(b) हं सली / Clavicle Where is a fixed (immovable) joint
located?
(c) स्टे प्स / Steps
(a) उं गली/finger (b) घुटने/Knee
(d) िीमर / Femur
(c) दहप /Hip (d) खोपड़ी /Skull

21. ननम्नमलखखत में से कौन एक सयोजी उत्तक

25. एक व्यस्क मानि के श्रोणी मेखला में कुल
नही हैं?
ककतनी हडड़यााँ होती हैं?
Which of the following is not a
How many bone are there in pelvic
connective tissue?
girdle of an adult human?
(a) उपाल्स्ि / cartilage (a) 1 (b) 2
(b) अल्स्ि / bone (c) 4 (d) 8

(c) रुधधर / blood

(d) इनमे से कोई नही / none
Answer-key
1 D 2 D 3 B 4 D 5 A
22. ननम्न में से कौन हमारे हाि की हड्डी नही
हैं? 6 D 7 A 8 D 9 C 10 C
Which of the following is not a bone of 11 D 12 A 13 B 14 C 15 C
our hand?
16 C 17 B 18 B 19 B 20 A
(a) रे डडयस / radius
21 D 22 D 23 A 24 D 25 B
(b) ह्यूमरत / humerus
(c) उवना / ulna
(d) किबुला/ fibula

Page | 6 Subscribe Youtube Channel :- https://bit.ly/3pZEj4m The Winners Institute Indore

Download Winners App :- https://bit.ly/3jGfBlP Contact Number - 9009335533
 T. W. I.
The

WiNNERS
Institute

The Winners Institute

(We Shape the Winners of Tomorrow)

Our Courses
SSC Bank Railway MPPSC
Sub Inspector Constable
CET and all Competitive Exams

Follow
The Winners Institute
CLICK HERE
CLICK HERE
CLICK HERE
CLICK HERE
T. W. I.
The

WiNNERS
Institute

Winners Institute App CLICK HERE

For Online Course Enquiry Å Call - 9009335533