PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE PRACTICE 2

Name: ______________ Section:________________

Section:____________ Score:_________________

A. TRUE OR FALSE

Directions: Read each statement carefully, mark a T on the line if you believe the statement is true, and an F on
the line if you believe the statement is false.

_______1. Phlebotomy, also known as venesection, is either making an incision or puncture in a vein to extract
blood. This procedure may be performed for the purposes of analysis, therapy, or diagnosis, and is done at the
request of a physician.

_______2. Leeching, also known as Hirodotherapy, is a method that uses leeches for bloodletting, which is
currently used for microsurgical replantation.

_______3. Bloodletting is the method of blood collection using a needle inserted in a vein.

_______4. Capillary puncture is done by puncturing the skin.

_______5. Painkiller is an alternative medicine to help ease pain, inflammation on other health-related concerns.

_______6, Verbal Communication involves expressing ideas through words.

_______7. Verbal Communication is an important process in healthcare because the information needs to be
transmitted properly from one person to another.

_______8. A hospital is an establishment that has permanent inpatient beds with 24-hour nursing service along
with therapeutic & diagnostic services managed by organized medical staff or personnel.

_______9. Reference labs This laboratory facility is established in the emergency room of some tertiary care
facilities, so procedures and tests can be done immediately when needed.

_______10, Stat Lab provides routine & specialized analysis of blood, urine and tissue and offer fast turnaround or
processing time for procedures at a reduced cost due to the high volume of transactions.

_______11. Antiseptics are used to prevent sepsis which are harmful bacteria that typically enter the human body
through wounds.

_______12. These are used in killing microorganisms on surfaces and instruments. Disinfectants should be handled
with care because it could be harmful to the skin.

_______13. The hand sanitizer and wall-mounted hand sanitizer dispenser is recommended as a substitute for
hand washing except for visibly soiled hands.

_______14. 23 is the needle gauge that most use

______15. Arterial Blood bright red blood found in the pulmonary vein, left chamber of the heart and the arteries.
It is the oxygenated blood in the circulatory system.

______16. Venous Blood the blood that travels from the peripheral veins passing through the venous system then
through the right chamber of the heart. This is dark red in color because it is deoxygenated.

_______17 Capillary Blood is preferred specimen for infants, young children, elderly patients and patients with
severe burns.
_______18. order of draw refers to the specific sequence with which blood must be drawn and collected in tubes
to avoid cross contamination of additives between the tubes.

______19. Routine blood film/smear preparation blood test that is used to check abnormalities in the blood cells.

_____20. Thin blood smear preparation i used to determine if the patient has malaria which is diagnosed by its
presence in the peripheral blood smear.

________21 .Venipuncture recommended for infants and small children.

______22. Neonatal bilirubin collection used to help determine any liver disorder in infants. This is collected with a
heel stick.

_______23. Newborn screening it is used to determine inborn disorders such as phenylketonuria, hypothyroidism
and galactosemia, and cystic fibrosis.

________24.Oedema, is an abnormal swelling caused by accumulation of fluid in the tissues.

________25. IV is a flexible tube inserted into the veins of extremities and the central veins.

_______26. Nerve injuries happen when there is improper site selection, rapid needle insertion, excessive
redirection of the needle and blind probing

______27. Petechiae is condition involves the appearance of small red or purple spots that look like rashes, which
appears on the arm when tourniquet is applied
_______28. The collapsed veins usually occur when conditions are less than ideal, which leads to the veins being
blocked, resulting in insufficient blood flow.
_______29. Hemolysis, which is also called hemolysis, refers to the rupture pes of the red blood cells.
_______30. Fainting is a temporary loss of consciousness which is caused by the insufficient flow of blood to the
brain
B. MULTIPLE CHOICE

Directions: Encircle the letter that corresponds to your answer

1. It is a traditional collection procedure that uses a syringe to draw blood from the patient and the collected
specimen is transferred into tubes.

A. syringe system C. hypodermic syringe

B. ETS D. None of the above

2. This allows numerous tubes to be collected in a single venipuncture.

A. Evacuated Tube System (ETS) C. Both a and B are right

B. Muti sample D. EDTA

3. commonly called blood thinners, are chemical substances that prevent blot clots.

A. Anticoagulants C. Plasma

B. Heparin D. Gel activator

4. What is the meaning of EDTA

A. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid C. ethelenediaminetetraacetic acid

B. Ethenediaminetetraacedic acid D. etylenediaminetetraacetic acid

5. inhibits cells from metabolizing substances and moves between cells & serum or plasma when centrifugated.

a. Thixotropic Gel Separator c. Serum

b. Anticoagulant d. Plasma

6. made of materials that are as free of trace element contamination.

A. Trace Element-Free Tubes C. Red Tube

B. EDTA D. A and B was right

7.Its consider one of the most performed procedure in the field of medicine involved that can be hazardous to
patient and healthcare personnel?
A. Infection control C. Infection
B. Infection system D. Infusion

8.Its causes by bacteria fungi, protozoa and virues.

A. Infection C. Pathogen
B. Microbe D. Reservoir

9.A pathogenic microbe such as virus, bacteria, fungi protozao and rickettsia
A. Infectious (caustive)agent C. IInfectious ( causative)agent
B. Infectious ( causative) agent D. Infectiousy ( causative)agent

10.Airbone, direct touching and kissing or indirect contact

A. Ecit pathway C. Exit pathway
B. Exit pathyway D. Exit

11. What is the meaning of CPR?

A. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation C.Cardiopulmonary resuscitationg
B. Cardiovacularpulmonary resuscitation D. Cardiopulmonary resuscitationing

12.What do you call a contamination through breaks or cuts in the skin?

A. Non-intact skin C. Non-intactel skin
B. Ingestion D. Airbone

13.A did not sanitize hands before handling foods?

A. Airbone C. Non- intact skin
B. Ingestion D. Biohazard

14.Its from the splashes and aerosols during centrifuge and aliquot what is these?
A. Airbone C. Radiation
B. Ingestion D. Biohazard

15.What is the meaning of PPE?

A. Personal protective education C. personal protective equipment
B. Personal proactive equipment D. Personal Protective Equipment

16.It coud be routine hand washing which uses plain soap and water?
A. Hand washinging C. hand washing
 B. Hand Hygiene D. Hand washing

C. ENUMERATION

What gloves are approved to be used during phlebotomy?

1
2
3
4
5
6

What are the three types of needles used in venipuncture?

Order of draw

types that are used in capillary puncture

two components of circulatory system

Layers of the heart

diagnosic test for heart disorder

1

-two major divisions of clinical laboratory services:

anatomical and surgical pathology area handles tests related to: (3)

1.

-four humors:

Factors affect hematoma

Types of CVADs

Topic: Infection Control

1-7 Give the the seven equipment that uses in the Personal Protective equipment (PPE)
1.__________________
2.__________________
3.__________________
4.__________________
5.__________________
6.__________________
7.__________________
8-13 Give the components of the chain of infection
8.__________________
9.__________________
10.__________________
11.__________________
12.__________________
13.__________________

14-15 Give the two types of infection

14.__________________
15.__________________

16-17 GIve the two types of wearing and wearing out the PPE
16_________________
17_________________

18-20 Give the three types of biological hazards

18._________________
19._________________
20._________________

D. Identification

Directions: Identify what is being asked on each statement and write your answer in the space provided.

_______________1. used in the evacuated tube system (ETS) and comes equipped with a safety features.

_______________2. used in the Syringe system and comes with different gauge and lengths for different types of
usage.

_______________3. used for difficult veins such as the hands especially recommended when dealing with pediatric
or elderly patients because it is more flexible than the needle or syringe.

_______________4. It refers to a process of collecting or "drawing" blood from a vein of the patient for laboratory
testing purposes.

_______________5. It includes information on the type of test ordered and any special instructions or conditions
that should be considered during the pre-examination and examination phase.

______________6. partition that separates the right from the left atria

______________7. Interventricular septum- separates the right and left ventricles

______________8Thick wall blood vessel that carry oxygen rich blood from heart to tissues

______________9. a small diameter blood vessel that branches out from the arteries and lead to cappilaries

______________10tubes with thin walls that carry deoxygenated blood from tissues to heart

______________11. A very small vein that collect blood from the capillaries

______________12.a fine hair like blood vessels that connects arterioles and veins

______________13Inflammation of lymphatic channel

______________14 Inflammation of lymph nodes

______________15also called adenopathy, a disease where there is abnormalities in the size or number of lymph
nodes

_____________16. enlargements of spleen

________17 Cancer on the part of the immune system

________18 cancer that develops from lymphocytes

________19. Cancer that begins with the lymphocytes.

________20. process where the blood changes from liquid form into a gel that forms the blood clot

________21. enzymes that play an important role jn coagulation

________22. process where the fibrin

________23. Called elbow pit

_________24. small plastic tube used which holds blood specimen collected in the capillary puncture.

_________25. narrow bore tube that could be made of plastic or glass typically used for hematocrit
determinations. It holds 50-75

_________26. used for blood films for hematology determinations

_________27. used to increase the blood flow seven-fold by warming the puncture site.

_________28.What is the meaning of cbg

__________29. It is a mixture of different blood and fluids

__________30. What is the meaning of POCT

________31.were performed by phlebotomists using lancets and fleams.

________32.is a large and independent laboratory that receives specimens from many facilities in the city, state,
or region.

__________33.This laboratory facility is established in the emergency room of some tertiary care facilities, so
procedures and test can be done immediately when needed.

___________34.blood for transfusion -microorganisms in body fluids or tissues

___________35.tests urine specimens -serum and autoimmune reactions

__________36.performs most lab test for plasma, white blood, urine, etc.

__________37.ability of blood to form and dissolve clots.

___________38,blood & blood forming tissues.

___________39.means conforming with standards so as to avoid harming patients in any way.

___________40.is taking personal responsibility for his actions.

-_________41.means having the positive attitude and the initiative to follow through tasks and continuously look
for areas of improvement.
__________42.means being sensitive to the needs of others and being able to stay calm and maintain a helpful
demeanor towards those in need.

__________43.has to do with honesty and consistency as seen in his actions, values and beliefs.

__________44.means having the ability to trust your personal decision and judgment.

-_________45.is maintaining conservative clothing and proper personal hygiene.

__________46.is done by puncturing the skin.

___________47.is the method of blood collection using a needle inserted in a vein.

_________48.Leeching, which is also known as

__________49.is a method that uses leeches for bloodletting, and this is currently used for microsurgical
replantation.

__________50.medicinal leech

_________51.an anticoagulant that leeches inject

_________52.is an alternative medicine to help ease pain, inflammation on other health-related concerns.

________-53.used to treat illness and performed by barber-surgeons.

_________54.a form of "Bloodletting"

__________55.used crude tools to cut vessels and drain blood from the body.

__________56.which means to cut.

__________57.which means vein

E. Arrange it!

Arrange the following: Instead of 1-20, Write RMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIST to identify what
is the process of performing venipuncture. If there is a repetition on the letter, you can write O2 or L2.

_____ Select Vein, Release Tourniquet, and Ask Patient to Open Fist

______Fill, Remove, and Mix Tubes in Order of Draw or Fill Syringe

_______ Observe Special Handling Instructions

_______ Position Patient, Apply Torniquet, and Ask Patient to Make a fist.

_______ Review & Accession Test Request

_______ Clean and Air-Dry the Site

_______ Label Tubes

________ Prepare Equipment and Put on Gloves

________ Establish Blood Flow, Release Tourniquet, and Ask Patient to Open Fist

________ Thank Patient, Remove Gloves, and Sanitize

________ Discard Collection Unit, Syringe Needle, or Transfer Device

________ Sanitize Hands

________ Reapply Tourniquet, Uncap and Inspect Needle

________ Transport Specimen to the Lab

________ Check Patient's Arm and Apply Bandage

________ Ask Patient to Remake a Fist, Anchor to Vein, and Insert Needle

________ Dispose of Contaminated Materials

________ Verify Diet Restrictions & Latex Sensitivity

________ Approach, Identify, & Prepare Patient

________ Place Gauze, Remove Needle, Activate Safety Feature, and Apply Pressure

F. Drawing

Draw the biohazard logo 2pts

Blood Flow 5 pts

G. Matching type
 Directions: write letter on the first box
1 Chest pain resulting from a. Pericarditis
reduced blood flow
2 A murmur sounds B. Myocardial infarction
3.An infection that happens C. Congestive heart failure
when a bacterium enters and
resides in the heart lining
4. results To general feeling of D. Bacterial endocarditis
weakness due to insufficient
blood being pumped by the
heart
5. inflammation of pericardial E. Angina perctoris
sac
6. known as heart attack F. Aortic stenosis

Cancer of the blood forming A Anemia

tissues like the bone marrow
or the lymphatic system
Increase of the number of b. Leukemia
white blood cells in the blood
due to illness or infection
-reduced number of white cells c. Leukocytes
in the blood
the marrow produces too d. Leukocytosis
many red blood cells resulting
to blood letting
the body produces too many e. Leukopenia
platelets which affects the
blood clotting
characterized by low platelet f. Polycythemia
count.
High number could indicate g. Thrombocytosis
urinary tract infection

h.Thrombocytopenia
Caused by not having enough
healthy red blood cells or
hemoglobin

H. Case Study

1. Nisah mai is a 25-year-old man who comes to the clinic with fatigue and pale skin. A
hematology test is ordered to evaluate his blood cell counts and identify the cause of his
symptoms. Give me one test that need to be done. 2 pts
Answer:
 2. Lieka is a 30-year-old woman who comes to the clinic with a fever, chills, and a productive
cough. A microbiology test is ordered to identify the cause of her symptoms. Give me one
test that need to be done. 2pts

Answer:

3. Sara is a 40-year-old man who comes to the clinic with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and
abdominal pain. A chemistry test is ordered to evaluate his liver function and identify the
cause of his symptoms. Give me 2 test need to be done. 2pts

Answer:

I. Label

J. Scramble Letters

_______________1. It is responsible for collecting blood specimens for testing in the laboratory-tsiebmhtloop
_______________2. It is primarily used for the outpatient department- gnwiradw oitnsa

_______________3. What equipment that used in the hospital that should be comfortable and with an adjustable
arm rest. -ocoytpmhlhtbaire

_______________________-4. equipment that is used for "stat" cases -nldddhaoeoyhbmpte

_______________5. It is usually for early-morning phlebotomy rounds. The carts are left in the hallway to avoid
nosocomial infection- hlymttopaobcyro

_______________6 Venipunture equipment that are transillumination portable devices that use infrared light to
help health professionals locate and assess veins for safe venous access. - vitnidasec g-olynvo

_______________7. This device comes in different sizes and is intended for single use only. It is constricting device
applied to patient's arm prior to venipuncture- erntoiquut

_______________8. It used for withdrawing blood samples. These are sterile and for single use only- seledne

_______________9. substances that prevent breakdown of glucose by blood cells, glycolysis. - Liongatic
Talecings

_____________10. enhances coagulation in serum specimen tubes. -otlc srotaiva

K. ACRONYM
1. VADs-
2. PICC-
3. IV-
4. LDH-
5. ACTH-
L. Short Answer
1. What is the circulatory system?1pts?
2. Emphasize the sayings “blood is the river of life” 2pts.
3. Why the left ventricles are thicker than right ventricles? 2 pts