opic Roftiare Pn'ec

KON Page No

iect Teuche-MR.GS. misy si.

91SO& 798 a966So174 4)

Subi ectt -SoftDase Engineenn9.

Coole 22413.

SE D
Fout

Teachip Hous 0

Tot m4r 26.

Notes

Poncen t uestips *

TASSignment - 4

Define Podactive Rractive Rist o)

.2 1Ni th cin xomple exPlain Lne_Ot

Code(Loc)bej ec estimrHon. D).

32 ExPIiD the lon(ept Of BBT(OBT. (6

Descpbe pD_StD teg 1

 IKON PageNol
Date

n raiosPrint
DDocle)

oclel. (
.S ExPlai 2 Ps_managemeDt spe ctrum.

9 Expluo_ joshort Poried cost estimtios

Techn» ques.

lo EX Plain_R i k

11 EXPluirn 1 RISK_Mune) emeN

 IKON Pge Mo

Dale2 1) 19 IKON Page No.

SUat T Date 9
e sehdelein Clenda
fHOAKE Pooec Estimetio Étmete
3It MonthS
ColleCHons
A SoHOore 4 Esti m at Cost
et
A cog
OF iostrréions.
EXBIce'D 4ps f l manogem
Spectrum-4 Pa
A ofe are ia Povel todS 47The Managem en
hat h e PMgmt
Lo 5bfte0dTe_EngineenDgP
escnbe3 he T2UNe9emen
SPe ctTCP O
-Estimetor is h e Pro (eS of gc Pooiec¢.
ahich
f i n n Ja n i m a t e
Copea) oF SoftOre_pP0j eCHP_
YeUe hat_ Co he he munoqemeDt
Purpose eren PA foput StwTts ifrom Reauirenent_ ncelNsis
be f'o comPI e Finisbe Bca ed oD N akire 0 F
Ho Mucs Proel Ct
EstocuH on edeeDIDeS

mon effot,- Resoua¢e ime Uso

Peifc
The ane g e m e t _ spe ctruo
ci duce BI
coS 4P'2 Pt_ha 4
P' CS

-Es matioD i cosed_ oD=

O past doe pastEXPenen e
OPeoPIe
rcil ceble doc koo1-el 9A Pooduct
Pov(e
Ass UDPtio Prject
Ientiti-e RisK sid Poi e c t Smanogem ept foccases oo 4P'S'A
A s o ePPe dA v e

The foug 5 Casic steps i o SofrooTre

P r e c esi mcehon
OEso cede&be_size
AeNeoPment Pd C
People Pmud Proe5 Poe
2 s i m a1e effort in
He
ResseD O00fhS_ 0e
Peror Houa
Pi9.) The 4 P '
 IKON Page No. IKON Page No.
Date ) 19 Date 2 /1S
Th n a gement SPeton e ctD oodttct
Ho mae ou S0PHDaTe Pooiec I E i s Ore of 7De_most_
So CA)FO).
fPorzent and
Dent SPeoTCA).
he dbo v e F 9 . ) gho3
PS ot Man09 ement Spedsum The Poodu
sbowd ibe gstahlishe before
tescope
he_poj-ect PanTA Cn be_PIan De
-So the ce 4P
Beoco tia0De _of be most

foportent 9o) of Pooj-ec

peoPie
ISonE of e, ci A Pmoud ba KOPeTfoTD
ONa_Pirst SPecitic fuoCtions Reqte rl b wer ((ujordRS)
of unGgeent
Pro du ct is ao 0FeeaTe

- I t deals co ith be notiVo that has ko be cleveloPed TOoleeJoP

HiSh Skilled PeoPIe Surcefuy biective
#e Pvdu ct
J0Pe shouebe estestizheel T e Techni(a
-It_Consist o f h e Mamt cocositaiot5ghoo be_ jolerzited.
3tackh01eleasThe TeaD Lecide5 aD
Tea The ala P cu cjcoJes
=

RCoTS-
peopie ef Pai'e ct Dcl
oLevejopee Cwto oe akiective
ene CoJ e.
Per fona0e_
DIHNN
-PesPie Foom coitbin the
OTgnzation ete 1 Contex£
deyeopeas AnatstE
des ieDeg TECh nolo sP eci ceist, Hi
meng926 an enio nogeg funetion3
epioes he Cemmunic etio
oooieioDs eTIS Evivpmept Treu'nio
lorie damuP olerLJofn?ED d deYclopmeut So. o2
 IKON Page No. IKON Page No.
Dato1 9 Date 9-1 19
one of e mestinpaste g
Po
E i ZNeaon h 7 PoojectkU
tteee
Panagement SPedrurm CI9TEe

12Tbe poject Te
-PI® C PDviolesi 1Prome0oTK SPecific_pvsed goa
Pan,
credin9 the_StHoareberelopmenA OTg uniZetHona)stru ctelTe_
The
suited f o e paojec Tea
ColsóCRe
ses
a r a mecd oTK_ Actii, TK
i tomnitteg
anod Cambreue 4irI47 d S)Tbe pojedTeaDC o St:
e s t a b Usb schedu/e

A_Pu (ey define29

Sene eF (GePEjnroiving_ActiV

cobioS prIue_ te Keonsa Piec pallg

dod Resoure
EXpeCe _o CHP
UDReisig_Pouie c4_Shedule
i
uD DClea P0jecd 9o
oD_ot
Exetaioo ere Atiitl:
7
oF_Poject
TeamParheIP aHon
O Colle cHoD
A Pro( e H 1
PlanDiDg.
Of_PD(eclu Te to deveIop Hhe sl02
Sejll.
ommuniction
mest imPortu u f
47Le
Prpied g ' EEt dDd Lcst
1 e 1ksooled ge
s
OF

he Puiecd failuTe
To areld
Set
b e deveopeg hotd Ovoid
oNelop oMmoD
ef common coarniD
monitor D9 Contoil09 the PooiG

The in ciuce A
erert%1n9_ Of the too olevelopment_Po
 IKON Page No. IKONPage
Date 2 11/19) Date 19
payt 12 KLoC Thousand inesof Cocde.
NLOb NoD Comment lipes o f Cocde
7 1etricsf o s SZeEstimartion -Thosand of dUveTCO Sourte iost
31G131 37 k p s i
he most
A )elnes Ogend red unit ofCoole lS one
ioPortesnt and Ust TIPeS of
NeosUKeMeN2t ot Cuontiie Jh_Rau it i CJeo do
Netne5 gener ceuy
ErauaaHP erolu cete 6 e gO_Poo rUm ACoropg
i2
the PoeR Pocluc S e r Y
iné of (ocle SiD Plest gfmong CLly
jmpnve he
P eg etdcS Arwlable to estimate Pooject_
qU u off
si2e,This foPwG berOg h e
Pov(JP. Estimatien of size of sD isOD
essentia Part of Soft@are Poied manegemeDt
Pvjec
ine o f Coole otaare
h e PoDeP_of tmaHpg
onPieiop Teosre h e _ s i z <
Re)ourCe Pe quited Po6 h e
Povject.t 1t heps he Poi fu pona9eE 8 (oun+ip9 e
AUmbeg f: P0ed.
Z Preoli ct_He erfort ine whicb i l be Needeo
Metnc3 CTe_?oPu)ar
being ed etimcedde Poico kine of Coele Preoiet he

Requtec) o derelo? a
ine f (ocle(Loc). IE l e d xe_Preaic ProgToD (ampey|
-Pn ctioD Point (FP). olveoPrment Perfoamanie_
Ond_gO OD.
ine af_Code
I n ine ofCo ete. bere Serer
AS e
Na me aUggest,_ L0C YariatHons to Cour2Elio of ode gre-

ount he_toja Num bers of Lin<

f Co ce 1D 0ffoose Paoyed. Coun£ OnN Exeraiab1e pe

touut depneians
be unit of o c Ose-
9fount Corm e n H
 ehadior i
moce
to deveope
SimPIe eClose E IKON Page No.
DI2 ODPT Pooqrmming ioing, tonteuins atiff. Naa1r
DiPFirwt to estim ad e the s2e, Date 3 J 19

RinPneion Peints (EP) -FuncHonpsi ni ce cmo@ domeio ycel ue

of ExtevD o) iopu CEL)

O n e _o f
A Punctiop Point Humbe
ost imPo rZnt COd
esiDioD. octpel CEo)
o fc t n cS foG gIZÉe 2Numbee of Kderpa)
tunaaro Externa inquries (E)5
A FunHOD Poi n t _ i 97 Nud bee of
exPTe4S
JeasUreDeyt Zo

he CmoUnt_oF_Bus inelS Functionceu

42Nupbee of Intern Loqic fie (a1F)
in
S7 Numbee o f otemo) meafeeçe tile (ELF).

FunCHoD oint_S deyeloped PD 1gz9

Alan Albecht oE BM. are T THPe9 Of F n Chons
bere

-Fun GHon Pojnt eticI 1 Coe tDate Punctions.

inctiorDautT of Sste 9 1TinSa dion Fun GoD
MeasOTE e

FunctoD Point Rstimatez Can he

SDLC
1D estimating esfortS_Required It Cap be cwel in
oe ion Cocle Test_sofaacre lPe
te Numbee t t 1 CediD GU Sis1em
CoD PoDenS_COecd
7 Csecbon of more fernchon Poiui
Ro CHOn Poin4 ecoJurel be O can erre PDol00kvii} Soca
A fun CtionS Can be definea d C Disodveut agef-
Collecion of execccicoble L AtDen3 t i time tos uming_methsol,
perfermg e r t a i n ask
o i t is Perferma Cofree CredpcO
The man go c o f Fun Ction PoiD of_deigo Pecif cajon.
fo DeoiunD9 the P D r o p a

olelivere) by he_ at3teD.'' AuTr

 IKON Page No.
IKON PageNo. mic. Date 1 19
7 : A 9onth
Hetlyistic-
Date6 il9
echr' c sboms hce7 aifferrent
452Pgoiect (oststp etion Arrah hesvchove g
Techn auel,_
PoJectcot estimeuHoD
SHi atioh i s h e Prores of
estinate bcof
cbich is a yUe_7bc2
12 Heuistc Tehntgue
leTniD cuStove.
Hnstc i5 a Techpicd uel to s o e PabblemS,
CcObe_tueo fo6 0mePUT PuTpose eren
ir_opet da* me7be Complefe,u n e PaoieC esio eHoD TechDiques
irst COst
E unsjabi"cost estimation Mèons Tehnia
&hat is yeRo fnd out the Cost esttm aete
Hearraie Techniquej Assume_ hcet he
Estmation deleemines Ho@ MwCh MODET, tbe iff Pooj e et
ake Rer ionghiRs o9
Rrt, Reaores_aDd ime i*_wil be_moUeo yingmatheneheal
Peram1eks CcD
de Bwid a Proiticg131e 4-Po
SXpraio0 These Techni ue are fKibe f simpje
e a n g quick decision 7 t h e ooo Cae cion.
EstietioD iG Bco9ed on ODre2 Bosic iDc)ependeni)_aToseers
12Past doete|Erenene.
aT nomn_the othe6 (erèsdent)_PurometeGs
92 Aailcbie doctment| lenoled g CeD be esil eteenined b7 Sus stiiutinI
i
the Vavue af sie uDeters
4identified Pisk fcethemEHC) EXPTeßion,
Esiwetion Of Vonoce Poojeg is BCaic
HemsteTechnigue aes
feoiectPlanniDg AGtivinY t _ine1Ue
Size effoE Requred do-cleve/op 7 ne yarable EstmapoD Moole, (Fig)
To1e dUrcehoD COst
7 mutveerabl EsimaSon moole)

There ore maiD Techn14ue of

Cost estimaHon LSingle yanable
shown ip belo@ P9. (ontarony
AA ins IRVe rebje estim cetion moole)
i a b l e

ve Venab

EsHpcth0n e e e foltooi Dg D
76ohniaue

Estim aed Paramete

HecrrHc Antt C
EoPti co)
Techn iaue Technicue estmubo0
Teohnicu e ctbove exPeHI0h e
g Pooiecte Cost estm ason T echn: d ue
 IKON Page No
Date 1 19

i h_cherc cdenzie e f sofware abich

h aiscor ol be
en estim eted.(indepeal uiceb C Co da, da are- COnIteots

mate Peusemeeg t h e depnde ce D utivanable estiro cotion models ere expect o)

estimcte
Param e e8_ b etimetco give more ACOrat e
ran h1e

The nolepónoent peramdeg inf!uenie he_

Ycet ue donenaleut_peramete6{
Consent Refers
eaS_Khcct ot_ cbdnge_ ddDiD9 he Best XamPle of wt'ranable

ORearchrn9 Pecblen

Yanah1e s an ent cobich ChcD9e beu sttC e s t DatoN mode Cluales

The
cUUe follomin9 Techniaue.

Tbe YaiU of the Constents C1

E p e a t | S Ahaog . a
are_UsaU dei eeniHed ing dOe COEe ic to &ToP-dod Bottopto
uP OP in o I |
Past_ Pojec.(HitSncas gae).
I HeaTiSticTechni9ue .

The e s t Xunp1e of SiDg|e ice.toin

e abon medA 3 _ C o CoMO Odel,
i F s t Heurisig TeckniaueL
mwAyanable Estiato moce
he estinate 1S
{o_Sute_ be_Pice _ co in g Condroct.
A_muVaricehle EstimdHop OToleG
h e Pollo Dg_foT- tbeodoNe
The Prce Aimits_
be_Proam/med
ed Retoume = C2 eL+ Ca * Eea uautf Pun tionauti H

Contan muwtiPe Yopble,

ldbere ez_ig hecharecAent of

PiodTe edb!ep_h) aremol een_etim.ct*
ineependlect _aneble)
 Page No. IKON Page No.
Date 19 Dote
19

The expert the Rapa chve Expen ooe

exchan eePre HODS the
eong Hectistic echiq Cost il a Conensa21 Reahd,
hHC
The_estnede
ToP e domN e, Hish eyel_- feoesPar cinson
Leyel
Heun3t C T echhiaue}.

I D h cet the muliPe

nolivialwa The estim ade is denye) AsumiDg
h ct he coerk_ooi exPandto FU
gbe yo1Ume tbat coill_com pledely tonsurme
Fbe Arculcabie Reiouate
2 ttom-to-up. Anal os/-
I Tbite)_Heansic 7echniau
TechnigUeg.
The_ esio caje is gerrecd
The estimae
BettoM-o-ep i e o ere to Pigh the_Ststem be dereoPed uDrth
Aere
Com Pemog
Premou

L hat the DutiPle sts1em?

47 Expert OpinioD-

T is fourh Hecenstc Techn

The
e3-im ae 1s Grived
(9iDgtheJinE
p e2
OPinion. of C o uP
EXPert_ z a t
oD eie Pcwt ExPen en
 IKONay:No IKON Prnge No
Date 1 g Donto 7 L/l1g
Ehiues
DisiCa simction echnigue-
( EXPeyt FstimaiCN
n e _ o f _ h e
most i0rtont
4he Techniaueg.
Co3
Powec oPihCa)
esttaion> Tèchnigues, c15eCost esiDaHo
nvotVe soFtD
IE
90wP of EXPerts
T h i s TeAna u e i s a e d exPerE O8 UndeE9KNncAÍng
e
f he_oourCi_
Pramese thei5_ EXPenepce 4
ecucaed_ gueH_
9g PmPoseg_Paojeci
Thi TechnIejues
- biie cin9
the eXPerti malreS
Techniaues
e x f e n e n ( f _ c o ith_oeyeiopoent L0 Hhió Paoh1eosize
Por
b-ep-fcu1. educaiecl-gu eHe)_ef pe
i i lc & PaDeUGS

Technigu eS I S B c o 1 e o
D
- Tbis oliffere0t
aliPfereut AHvi47_ inyo1vee eR pert estimCLde 6e (ost o f
COmmon SensE i e TDoolwle o subSstem.
EStDcHOD a ve een ormcuUzeo OVee ComPoDent
the re f_
14 Ue t b e s i z e of sw
estim ate He effoTb epbi Cost
FOO UD Tecki qu
gho on_io elo fg
Empiri Caj Techni quef_
Technique
O nes &o ove s (o Me
shortcomipgs Of be Experts,|
ome o f _the
EXPert p b i cast
25trtHaD
esbmehon. Team
Tech. LDUP_Of EXPerts
Composed_Of c_
Co-onainatm.
s . G)Eoin co lechniq ue.
S o _ the Co-oretin.ctos Paovide) each

The ho ve Pis. S) o s haf eineuto Oith_o_caPyoF s/0Regue

TEbnicUe bicb Cotcains
mept_SPecticahon (SRS). estimato
T e c b i C Ue
/0cein o-oclinabe
CODPLetee theie estimate _sokmit fo
 IKON Paga No IKON Page No.
Dato l L 9
Date 1 19
ThiaPorey iterted S-eNe IQ 47onstructiVe os mode(CoCo mo)
RoundS.
C ocoMO LanedáS f o G Con 3Lsu ch ve cost
A eE he CompleAHoD of severa e n a modelcoblch i
estimetions e Co-oscun edUG oeho
Jhe
therespon«ibitH7 0fcompiliog Best cHown
ResuIt Co Co o be
moot Rh0gh17_docueni
fc
Cogt_ e s i o i o n m o c e
)Aneerticco Ertimcuio chniauel.
CocoDO L a Regre 1oD moles 8eJec)
impor on oc NUmbe of LDeS_of
obe Of
ESt otton COde.
and Thiro Pevjed Cost
TechniqUe s.
The mai cUmi07 COcOyo/ ool e_
I t denves be_Reduireol Resu tE O f soteire_
BcasiC AsSump1ior be Ppoiee
recrce,
be Iec to_denye SoMe h e Outtome of Doee)

oteiszing Relu t Stetipg coizh f e effort cheue

i P I e ASUDPton. Caucuat e he effort, me er_
EFfste ebo

ia SPecicuu CUef fo8 esttmacHD be Required o CemPleze_g reaSK, Tt

Dpjceipre ePPOds, i s Me uec_ PendoD-moth| CuDis

Anartice Tachni aueisa

a_amhin ah o2D Schedule SippI meotn e
of Heurstic Eppin cc E stimabonTechn of ime Requirec fo&Jhbe (ompleton
of_ job
T t is Wed Ko measue INOTK.
T
e main keSK is oiridte E Seeaureol io e
. su Componet uDis f o e _ S u c h coslelteles- moDth
th-en_ana7Za.
Exam Ple H lsteaas Softoae
ThisS S yee to e cagu re siz, dera
effort dereopme as of sioPveluct.
 IKON IPage No. IKON Page No.
Date lo )
19 Dale o 1 9
p4
iaabry b2_arerConstonts.
veLgor Ccomo moolelgL each oup of_/ Poue,

( Bosic Cocomo mo/e TeeY isKhe estmateo

Inaeemelete ocomo_mocle E oeNeloP s.
tai led model(ompi ete
ePfoT arota) eforts Reaire)
B ceic Cocomo mode e ereoP Kb _ 0_Proc/u07 that
inalccete _' n Rerso D-mootb LPo2
one
fm Porent a n d Erst_ TPe Dte emeallcoe cocomo oDocle
Coromo moe 1
one of_the o3t isrtent_
Aingle yeUe oole b et De_ e(one NPe_ oF (ocomo Mocle.
compurtey slc developmentCosi
esimete off AoC. This moel ComPULeg deleloPMEnt

Cost FupetON
Pg09rom. size (LOC) Set
-zt_1s miny oje foe CollDa
CO3t a s s t is wed i0sm uw cost GTivers
Teamfo6_smu_si2edPpd u t
-The Basic CocoTo mosde)_Paviole The Co 3tL cives CopdcuDS-
df_PaOjeC{_A1aner
OP Atn ute.
-The folloco I Dg exPTe1oD g1Ve Heroeo are Attnbate
e Baic COCorD0 egtimceson_ ode Persana tenbu4e
Poje ct Attd bte:

1 A(kLoc)a2 Perdon-montb (P
et ailed mocelLCom pere)
Taey b (effoT)52 Weas- monib Thire)_TPe 0T
COror00 pOOole

Combineton
is h e etimate aize o
Prrece that iholico-e tboel coo iDe o7 &cosic piemeotio1LE Coono_modL
 IKON Page No. IKO PageN13)
Date 6
Dete 10 I 9 1 1g

#bis T ea e l aDperfoTh ExceDPlE_SiDPle B(es in ef SiSterm.y

-7
nalfsis es tD ceuing, Tertt n9 Pe dcese 31s1em_pápl)_
esi2cz so-30oKLoc J
Art estnatioD is exPasti, Aei-aletcohe d- eoium s Pgo)rA
2e

f n UnitS O Personmonths(p/m2
S a d o _be seD1-
shoon D bebe
delocheo Pe if_the_ ipbIunE choro
such Team-si3¬EXPenene_
denStes

l C n o l e d g e _ o f veunoe
Pm.KoDg, L

The_Project Cicads iPie as semi-detoob-cej

Rmiiae
ereraP

-D&ex_Compijeas_ e U P f , embeoed

Ae ca) oPerwOg_Ssten DBDS,_

7 e

si2e LursSIz
oree 30okLoC,Poo)
(G)Embeddll-(Poiect

G) Peason moDth (PD) CuTVe)

Paojed ba
Co CorDO Mocdels3 b e deyelOP ed_und es renoces_Resocee
anothes Clade
ex - ATM AiG TrcAAC Conto1
Semi -deteobad
Estmaton ofdevelopment Efert-
Emheddld.
DOTganic- 2-So kLeC, Sm Si2 e Pro - Fee tbe a e S of S/ PovelOct
h e ferml co estm ei ngL
1t ContainS- IRe Prosed eFfort Beecd he CocLe SiZe
are boaO_ beoco=
A Pooiect c O bere
deyeoPment eoro_bea 900

ExPenence of the eppli eceion.

 IKON Pa N Date 1 T 9
Dite 1o 1 1 9

Pis.D)
sho thcet
Ckoc) d.o SP elo
9ans t r e .4

size_ n1o
lco E r r o h 3 . o (klor). 0
en
Embeotated
9.G(kLo c) .20
6 mbeol eoEL EAA t Sermi- d e l h e e )

gcniC.

Der loPDent T/meP-

Estmciion oF
Creaae of Povd
FoG estimetin9 Fhe
t h e ATmOCe
deVeopm ent mE ec) oD e t r o r t
seloo- Si2e
Yeduy PovetoC s1 2
Tdey .s(ePFOTt)O.28 Ponhs Pi9 dereopmeni iMe

mobhs Advantcg e of (ecomo ode=-

PSeni-dedche-Taev: 2.s (effort)o.35

2:S[eprot) 0.32 month QCocomo mocde) I6 Vei ecoy

Epbeo!ded Tdev
ClOelee9teonel2
show s th
estimaDon effot Yersu Pmdu c j2e @)moTE ACccocet .

E e d e led
sen-cleRrehLQ 8)Tbe dnvezs are verj_hert u
KO Uncle es&Und he pcocg of_mjeci_
- O r g O n i C .

CoSt
a t m a O )

effort
4 Eas to esuo ate Cost
be_PDiect

size
is EFfort Yeascaj PovalcedS
 IKON |Pag:N
IKON PsS
Dale o 1l 9 Dala 20 OS
disadroudeay e of CoCoMo ode
COCoMO I ode
7 I* 19DOTe)Reawiremeti S-
do comeni apops. Most ioPortont
9Porbunt
of he
E I t sODe
Doole)
/900TeS Ha yd@are is3u9
ostruCHVe ost
It stends_Foe
B7 is depere ut on he ode
3pent jo_ecooh__PhoJL
Versioo c
s be_Revised
It
e _ignoTe soll CodPorbo prigina CocomDo odel ODd
the Universit of
Knowtedge. derwDPed at
jt is
Ccufornig.
Nture of Peadio So uth
COsses Ponyed JODovceidD
Sto9e size Poe)
Pro) et |(u7 Aev eep)P oe hatCuos one
I t 1sheDocle
and
estim cde_ t h e CoSt effort
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