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16.0 4.0%
‒ Net absorption remained muted in Q4 2023 and the slower pace of activity throughout the
year brought the annual total to its lowest level since 2009 at 10.4 million sq. ft. 12.0 3.0%
‒ The overall construction pipeline fell substantially to 34.7 million sq. ft. in Q4 2023 as new 8.0 2.0%
starts slowed and more of the pipeline was delivered.
4.0 1.0%
‒ New supply surged to a record quarterly high of 16.8 million sq. ft. of product delivered in Q4 0.0 0.0%
2023 while pre-leasing activity slows. New supply deliveries were on average 59.0% pre-
leased upon completion in 2023. -4.0 -1.0%
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
‒ National rents recorded a minor quarterly decline of 0.3% in Q4 2023 for a national average
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
rate of $16.25 per sq. ft.
Net Absorption New Supply Availability
Source: CBRE Research, Q4 2023.
Net absorption falls to FIGURE 4: Annual National Net Absorption vs. New Supply (MSF)
60.0
lowest levels since 2009 50.0
40.0
‒ Net leasing activity remained muted and
totaled just under 2.5 million sq. ft. of positive 30.0
net absorption in Q4 2023. The slower pace of 20.0
activity seen throughout the year has resulted 10.0
in the lowest levels of annual net absorption 0.0
recorded since 2009 at 10.4 million sq. ft.
-10.0
‒ New supply has consistently outpaced net -20.0
absorption in 2023 and surged to a record high 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
in Q4 2023 with 16.8 million sq. ft. of new
industrial product delivered. Net Absorption New Supply
-2.0
-3.0 -2.4
Vancouver Edmonton Calgary Toronto Waterloo Ottawa London Halifax Winnipeg Montreal
Region
Source: CBRE Research, Q4 2023.
0.0 0.0%
Toronto Vancouver Calgary Waterloo Montreal Edmonton Halifax London Ottawa Winnipeg
Region
Pre-Leased Available % of Inventory
Source: CBRE Research, Q4 2023.
National average rental FIGURE 9: National Average Asking Net Rental Rate Growth
Year-over-Year Growth (%) Avg. Asking Rental Rate (PSF)
40.0% $20
growth slows to 6.1% year-
over-year 30.0% $15
0.0%
-5.0% -3.4%
Waterloo Ottawa London Halifax Calgary Montreal Toronto Vancouver Winnipeg Edmonton
Region
Source: CBRE Research, Q4 2023.
National sale prices hold FIGURE 11: National Average Asking Sale Price Growth
Year-over-Year Growth (%) Avg. Sale Price (PSF)
45.0% $300
steady in 2023
‒ Industrial sale prices have held relatively flat
throughout 2023, with the national average 30.0% $200
rising at a marginal 1.5% year-over-year to
$276.75 per sq. ft.
-15.4% -16.0%
-20.0%
Halifax Montreal Ottawa Waterloo Edmonton Calgary Winnipeg Toronto Vancouver London
Region
Source: CBRE Research, Q4 2023.
MARKET
Net Rentable Area
Overall Availability Rate
Avg. Net Rent (PSF)
EDMONTON
157.3 MSF
VANCOUVER
5.3%
216.1 MSF
$9.80
3.2%
LONDON
$21.61
41.6 MSF
0.7%
WINNIPEG $10.05 HALIFAX
86.5 MSF 14.3 MSF
TORONTO 2.4%
2.5% 833.1 MSF
$10.89 $10.90
2.7%
$18.25
OTTAWA
36.6 MSF
2.6%
CALGARY $15.44
156.8 MSF
5.5% MONTREAL
$11.33 328.3 MSF
3.0%
$16.42
WATERLOO REGION
120.3 MSF
2.8%
Source: CBRE Research, Q4 2023. $14.02
VANCOUVER CALGARY EDMONTON WINNIPEG LONDON WATERLOO TORONTO OTTAWA MONTREAL HALIFAX NATIONAL
Net Rentable Area 216,143,786 156,834,051 157,339,456 86,494,986 41,639,388 120,266,925 833,082,291 36,598,822 328,304,271 14,300,685 1,991,004,661
Overall Availability Rate 3.2% 5.5% 5.3% 2.5% 0.7% 2.8% 2.7% 2.6% 3.0% 2.4% 3.2%
Quarter Net Absorption 1,069,341 370,875 366,727 31,355 95,374 1,768,177 -782,427 99,928 -583,108 29,129 2,465,371
Year-to-Date Net Absorption 2,679,749 2,257,287 2,670,452 87,850 411,783 2,015,709 2,045,347 549,979 -2,408,462 113,958 10,423,652
Quarter New Supply 1,592,472 3,125,200 753,014 56,180 42,540 2,744,543 6,593,121 260,073 1,666,495 0 16,833,638
Year-to-Date New Supply 7,190,424 6,031,736 2,571,025 568,188 253,528 4,349,226 16,981,791 646,845 3,302,076 277,141 42,171,980
Under Construction 7,079,103 4,641,923 1,759,291 297,198 748,629 3,107,514 12,689,926 733,984 2,537,190 1,078,136 34,672,894
Avg. Net Rent (PSF) $21.61 $11.33 $9.80 $10.89 $10.05 $14.02 $18.25 $15.44 $16.42 $10.90 $16.25
Avg. TMI (PSF) $5.55 $4.74 $4.86 $4.44 $4.51 $4.38 $4.06 $6.26 $4.24 $7.32 $4.48
Avg. Sale Price (PSF) $550.00 $215.00 $167.99 $142.00 $184.30 $254.50 $383.64 $312.61 $257.48 $300.00 $276.75
Canada
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
The national availability rate rose at its fastest Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
pace on record, increasing 70 bps quarter-over- 20,000 5%
quarter to 3.2% in Q4 2023. The main driver for Design Build,
16,000 4% Leased:
increased availability has been the record 24.1%
amount of new supply being delivered amid 8.2 MSF
12,000 3%
slower levels of pre-leasing activity. However, Speculative,
availability remains below the historical 15-year 8,000 2% Leased:
average and rental rates are holding relatively 59.3% 5.7 MSF
4,000 1%
steady. 16.6%
Speculative,
0 0% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
20.2 MSF
Net Rentable Area 1,991,004,661 2021 2022 2023
Vancouver
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Availability increased 30 bps quarter-over-quarter Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
in Vancouver to 3.2% due in part to a larger pool of 2,500 5%
large format opportunities. Average asking lease Design Build,
2,000 4% Leased:
rates have continued to cool slightly in the face of
higher interest rates, however, remain elevated on 3.0 MSF
1,500 3% 37.3%
a year-over-year basis and are up 3.7%. A record Speculative,
7.2 million sq. ft. of new supply was delivered in 1,000 2% 46.3% Leased:
2023, with 1.6 million sq. ft. coming online in Q4 500 1%
1.1 MSF
2023 of which 88.0% was pre-committed. Speculative,
0 0% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
16.4% 2.5 MSF
Net Rentable Area 216,143,786 2021 2022 2023
7,079,103 20%
Under Construction
$15 $450
Avg. Net Rent (PSF) $21.61 10%
Calgary
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
The Calgary industrial market saw availability
6,000 12%
increase by 170 bps over the quarter to a two- Design Build,
15.6%
year high of 5.5%. Driving this increase, the 5,000 10%
Leased:
market saw a significant level of new sublease 4,000 8% 0.7 MSF
space as well as 3.1 million sq. ft. of new supply
3,000 6% Speculative,
delivered to the market, 42.5% of which was pre- 50.1%
2,000 4% Leased:
leased. The bulk of the increase in availabilities 1.6 MSF
was seen in large bay formats. 1,000 2% 34.4%
Speculative,
0 0% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
2.3 MSF
Net Rentable Area 156,834,051 2021 2022 2023
Edmonton
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
Industrial availability and vacancy rates rose for
3,000 12%
the first time in Edmonton since Q1 2021, each Design Build,
increasing 20 bps over the quarter. New supply 2,000 8% Leased:
was a contributing factor as only 26.7% of the 0.8 MSF
delivered inventory was pre-leased upon 1,000 4% Speculative,
46.0%
completion. Edmonton’s 5.3% availability rate Leased:
remains well below its 7.1% five-year average. 54.0%
0 0% 0 SF
Speculative,
-1,000 -4% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
0.9 MSF
Net Rentable Area 157,339,456 2021 2022 2023
Winnipeg
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
Overall, the market had 56,000 sq. ft. of 6.7%
800 4%
industrial space come to market in Q4 2023. Design Build,
While currently at a two-year low, developers are 600 3% Leased:
continually looking to expand the pipeline and 0 SF
400 2%
fulfill market desire for high-quality industrial
Speculative,
space. Approximately 300,000 sq. ft. of product 200 1% Leased:
is currently under construction with more in the 20,000 SF
planning stages. 0 0%
Speculative,
-200 -1% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
93.3% 0.3 MSF
Net Rentable Area 86,494,986 2021 2022 2023
London
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
Market activity remains resilient heading into the
1,000 5%
new year as strong demand continues to keep Design Build,
London’s availability rate at historically low levels. 800 4%
Leased:
Despite this environment of strong demand and 600 3% 0.7 MSF
limited supply, slowing economic growth has
400 2% Speculative,
contributed to more muted growth in average
200 1% Leased:
asking rates, which slowed to a still-healthy 12.3% 0 SF
year-over-year increase. 0 0%
Speculative,
-200 -1% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
100.0% 0 SF
Net Rentable Area 41,639,388 2021 2022 2023
Waterloo Region
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Waterloo Region registered a record 2.7 million Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
sq. ft. of new supply in Q4 2023. Delivering nearly 3,000 6%
60% pre-leased upon completion, the availability 2,500 5% Design Build,
rate responded in kind, and increased for a third 28.2% Leased:
2,000 4%
consecutive quarter to 2.8%, its highest level 0.9 MSF
1,500 3%
since Q3 2018. Even so, average asking rents Speculative,
1,000 2%
continued to increase as more Class A buildings Leased:
500 1% 0 SF
became available, with further growth still
expected, albeit at a slower rate. 0 0%
71.8% Speculative,
-500 -1% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
2.2 MSF
Net Rentable Area 120,266,925 2021 2022 2023
Toronto
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
Despite record levels of new supply driving the 8,000 4%
availability rate to 2.7%, the highest level since 9.7% Design Build,
6,000 3% Leased:
2017, leasing velocity and demand remains
strong with more tenants opting to renew in 1.2 MSF
4,000 2% 19.0%
2023. Meanwhile, the average net rental rate has Speculative,
continued to hold steady for the second 2,000 1% Leased:
consecutive quarter amid rising availability. 0 0%
2.4 MSF
71.3% Speculative,
-2,000 -1% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
9.0 MSF
Net Rentable Area 833,082,291 2021 2022 2023
Ottawa
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%) 3.9%
The delivery of new supply with limited pre- 3.2 MSF
450 6%
leasing sparked a rise in Ottawa’s industrial 2.9 MSF
Design Build,
availability at year-end. Demand has persisted Leased:
300 4%
for small and mid bay product, keeping 0 SF
opportunities tight. Despite this, large-scale
150 2% Speculative,
developments continue to flood the
Leased:
development pipeline with five properties over 0 0% 28,000 SF
150,000 sq. ft. due for delivery in 2024.
Speculative,
-150 -2% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
96.1% 0.7 MSF
Net Rentable Area 36,598,822 2021 2022 2023
Montreal
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
Net asking rents continue to stabilize in 3,000 4%
Montreal with Q4 2023 recording a decrease of 2,250 3%
Design Build,
$0.10 per sq. ft. to $16.42 per sq. ft. Landlords are 23.9% Leased:
displaying increased flexibility and adjusting 1,500 2% 0.6 MSF
their asking prices in an attempt to position their 750 1% Speculative,
space competitively, ultimately helping drive 0 0% Leased:
market activity. 58.1% 0.5 MSF
-750 -1% 17.9%
Speculative,
-1,500 -2% Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
1.5 MSF
Net Rentable Area 328,304,271 2021 2022 2023
Halifax
SUPPLY & DEMAND UNDER CONSTRUCTION
The construction pipeline has reached a record Net Absorption & New Supply (000’s SF) Availability (%)
1.1 million sq. ft. as high construction costs and 300 6%
cautious pre-leasing levels have delayed the 18.6% Design Build,
delivery of several projects. Instead, attention is Leased:
on the long-awaited Burnside Industrial Park 200 4% 0.2 MSF
Phase-13, which has released 115 acres for 7.2% Speculative,
investor biding. Demand continues to outpace 100 2% Leased:
supply however, with multiple bids expected on 0.1 MSF
the 16 lots. Speculative,
0 0% 74.2%
Available:
MARKET STATS TOTAL Q/Q Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
0.8 MSF
Net Rentable Area 14,300,685 2021 2022 2023
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